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Cloxacillin is a semisynthetic antibiotic in the same class as penicillin. Cloxacillin was discovered and developed by Beecham.^[1] It is sold under a number of trade names, including Cloxapen, Cloxacap, Tegopen and Orbenin.

Cloxacillin is used against staphylococci that produce beta-lactamase, due to its large R chain, which does not allow the beta-lactamases to bind.

This drug has a weaker antibacterial activity than benzylpenicillin, and is devoid of serious toxicity except for allergic reactions.

It has been suggested, in one study, that increased use of cloxacillin may permit reduced use of vancomycin.^[2]

References

^ David Greenwood (2008). Antimicrobial drugs: chronicle of a twentieth century medical triumph. Oxford University Press US. pp. 124–. ISBN 978-0-19-953484-5. http://books.google.com/books?id=i4_FZHmzjzwC&pg=PA124. Retrieved 18 November 2010.
^ Lawrence SL, Roth V, Slinger R, Toye B, Gaboury I, Lemyre B (2005). "Cloxacillin versus vancomycin for presumed late-onset sepsis in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit and the impact upon outcome of coagulase negative staphylococcal bacteremia: a retrospective cohort study". BMC Pediatr 5: 49. DOI:10.1186/1471-2431-5-49. PMC 1343548. PMID 16375769. http://www.biomedcentral.com/1471-2431/5/49.

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1. 小児におけるメチシリン耐性黄色ブドウ球菌による皮膚軟部組織の感染が疑われる患者の
評価およびマネージメント evaluation and management of suspected methicillin resistant staphylococcus aureus skin and soft tissue infections in children
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3. 固有弁心内膜炎の抗菌療法 antimicrobial therapy of native valve endocarditis
4. 小児における黄色ブドウ球菌菌血症の治療 treatment of staphylococcus aureus bacteremia in children
5. 小児における血行性骨髄炎の治療 treatment of hematogenous osteomyelitis in children

English Journal

A prospective study of nosocomial urinary tract infection in hip fracture patients.

Halleberg Nyman M, Johansson JE, Persson K, Gustafsson M.SourceAuthors:?Maria Halleberg Nyman, MSc, RN, PhD Student, Department of Orthopaedics, Orebro University Hospital; Jan-Erik Johansson, MD, Professor, Department of Urology, Orebro University Hospital; Katarina Persson, PhD, Professor, Department of Clinical Medicine, School of Health and Medical Sciences, Orebro University; Margareta Gustafsson, PhD, RN, Senior Lecturer, School of Health and Medical Sciences, Orebro University, Orebro, Sweden.
Journal of clinical nursing.J Clin Nurs.2011 Sep;20(17-18):2531-9. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2702.2011.03769.x. Epub 2011 Jul 6.
Aim.? To investigate risk factors and consequences of nosocomial urinary tract infection in hip fracture patients. Background.? Nosocomial urinary tract infection is a well-known problem in hip fracture patients. There are several risk factors for nosocomial urinary tract infection described in
PMID 21733026

Systematic Review on the Etiology and Antibiotic Treatment of Pneumonia in Human Immunodeficiency Virus-infected Children.

Punpanich W, Groome M, Muhe L, Qazi SA, Madhi SA.SourceFrom the *Department of Science and Technology/National Research Foundation: Vaccine Preventable Diseases, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa; †Medical Research Council: Respiratory and Meningeal Pathogens Research Unit, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa; ‡Department of Pediatrics, Queen Sirikit National Institute of Child Health, College of Medicine, Rangsit University, Bangkok, Thailand; §Department of Child and Adolescent Health and Development, World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland; ¶Department of HIV, World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland; and ∥National Institute for Communicable Diseases, National Health Laboratory Services, Sandringham, South Africa.
The Pediatric infectious disease journal.Pediatr Infect Dis J.2011 Aug 17. [Epub ahead of print]
BACKGROUND: Community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected children.OBJECTIVES AND METHODS: A systematic review of studies that were published between January 1990 and February 2009 on the etiology and antimicrobial or
PMID 21857264

Japanese Journal

Symmetrical drug-related intertriginous and flexural exanthema (baboon syndrome) with fever induced by oral cloxacillin : Does fever confound the diagnosis?

CHONG Wei-Sheng,LIM Hua-Liang Joel
Journal of dermatology 37(9), 830-832, 2010-09-01
NAID 10027067344

Case of acute generalized exanthematous pustulosis caused by ampicillin/cloxacillin sodium in a pregnant woman

MATSUMOTO Yuka,OKUBO Yukari,YAMAMOTO Toshiyuki,ITO Tomonobu,TSUBOI Ryoji
Journal of dermatology 35(6), 362-364, 2008-06-01
NAID 10024297115

Related Pictures

★リンクテーブル★

リンク元	「クロキサシリン」
拡張検索	「cloxacillin benzathine」「flucloxacillin sodium」「dicloxacillin sodium」

「クロキサシリン」

Cloxacillin
Systematic (IUPAC) name
	(2S,5R,6R)-6-{[3-(2-chlorophenyl)-5-methyl-; oxazole-4-carbonyl]amino}-3,3-dimethyl-7-oxo-; 4-thia-1-azabicyclo[3.2.0]heptane-2-carboxylic acid
Clinical data
Trade names	Cloxapen
AHFS/Drugs.com	Micromedex Detailed Consumer Information
Pregnancy cat.	B (US)
Legal status	?
Routes	Oral, IM
Pharmacokinetic data
Bioavailability	37 to 90%
Protein binding	95%
Half-life	30 minutes to 1 hour
Excretion	Renal and biliary
Identifiers
CAS number	61-72-3
ATC code	J01CF02 QJ51CF02 QS01AA90
PubChem	CID 6098
DrugBank	DB01147
ChemSpider	5873
UNII	O6X5QGC2VB
KEGG	D07733
ChEBI	CHEBI:49566
ChEMBL	CHEMBL891
Chemical data
Formula	C19H18ClN3O5S
Mol. mass	435.88 g/mol
	SMILES O=C(O)[C@@H]3N4C(=O)[C@@H](NC(=O)c2c(onc2c1ccccc1Cl)C)[C@H]4SC3(C)C;
	InChI InChI=1S/C19H18ClN3O5S/c1-8-11(12(22-28-8)9-6-4-5-7-10(9)20)15(24)21-13-16(25)23-14(18(26)27)19(2,3)29-17(13)23/h4-7,13-14,17H,1-3H3,(H,21,24)(H,26,27)/t13-,14+,17-/m1/s1 ; Key:LQOLIRLGBULYKD-JKIFEVAISA-N ;
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