20番染色体、第20染色体、第20番染色体

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a threadlike strand of DNA in the cell nucleus that carries the genes in a linear order; "humans have 22 chromosome pairs plus two sex chromosomes"

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染色体

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出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2014/04/29 13:06:56」(JST)

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Chromosome 20 is one of the 23 pairs of chromosomes in humans. Chromosome 20 spans around 63 million base pairs (the building material of DNA) and represents between 2 and 2.5 percent of the total DNA in cells. Chromosome 20 was fully sequenced in 2001 and was reported to contain over 59 million base pairs representing 99.4% of the euchromatic DNA.^[3] Since then, due to sequencing improvements and fixes, the length of chromosome 20 has been updated to just over 63 million base pairs.^[1]

Identifying genes on each chromosome is an active area of genetic research. Because researchers use different approaches to predict the number of genes on each chromosome, the estimated number of genes varies. Depending on the genome annotation used, chromosome 20 contains 897 or 1,068 genes.^[4]^[5] New discoveries^[when?] have recently linked this chromosome to the increasing susceptibility to male-pattern baldness.^{[citation needed]}

Genes

The following are some of the genes located on chromosome 20:

AHCY: S-adenosylhomocysteine hydrolase
ARFGEF2: ADP-ribosylation factor guanine nucleotide-exchange factor 2 (brefeldin A-inhibited)
BMP2: Bone Morphogenetic Protein 2 (osteoblast differentiation)
DNAJC5: Cysteine string protein
EDN3: endothelin 3
GSS: glutathione synthetase
GNAS1: Gs alpha subunit (membrane G-protein)
JAG1: jagged 1 (Alagille syndrome)
PANK2: pantothenate kinase 2 (Hallervorden-Spatz syndrome)
PRNP: prion protein (p27-30) (Creutzfeld-Jakob disease, Gerstmann-Strausler-Scheinker syndrome, fatal familial insomnia)
tTG: tissue transglutaminase (Celiac disease)
SALL4: sal-like 4 (Drosophila)
VAPB: VAMP (vesicle-associated membrane protein)-associated protein B and C

Diseases & disorders

The following diseases are some of those related to genes on chromosome 20:^[6]

Albright's hereditary osteodystrophy
Arterial tortuosity syndrome
Adenosine deaminase deficiency
Alagille syndrome
Celiac disease
Galactosialidosis - CTSA
Maturity onset diabetes of the young type 1
Neuronal ceroid lipofuscinosis
Pantothenate kinase-associated neurodegeneration
Transmissible spongiform encephalopathy (prion diseases)
Waardenburg syndrome

References

^ ^a ^b "Homo sapiens chromosome 20, GRCh37.p13 Primary Assembly". National Center for Biotechnology Information. Retrieved October 17, 2013.
^ "Table 2.3, Human chromosome groups - Human Molecular Genetics - NCBI Bookshelf". Garland Science via National Center for Biotechnology Information. Retrieved November 17, 2013.
^ Deloukas P, et al. (2001). "The DNA sequence and comparative analysis of human chromosome 20". Nature 414 (6866): 865–871. doi:10.1038/414865a. PMID 11780052.
^ "Map Viewer". National Center for Biotechnology Information. Retrieved October 17, 2013.
^ "Vega Genome Browser 54: Homo sapiens - Chromosome summary - Chromosome 20: 1-62,965,520". Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute. Retrieved October 17, 2013.
^ Gilbert F (1997). "Disease genes and chromosomes: disease maps of the human genome". Genet Test 1 (3): 225–229. doi:10.1089/gte.1997.1.225. PMID 10464650.

External links

Human Chromosome 20 Map Viewer — on NCBI

This genetics article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.

UpToDate Contents

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1. 骨髄異形成症候群における細胞遺伝学および分子遺伝学 cytogenetics and molecular genetics of myelodysplastic syndromes
2. 先天性の細胞遺伝学的異常 congenital cytogenetic abnormalities
3. 血液悪性腫瘍およびリンパ悪性腫瘍の遺伝的異常 genetic abnormalities in hematologic and lymphoid malignancies
4. 成人におけるフィラデルフィア染色体陰性急性リンパ芽球性白血病に対する導入療法 induction therapy for philadelphia chromosome negative acute lymphoblastic leukemia in adults
5. 男性不妊症の原因 causes of male infertility

English Journal

Small cell ovarian carcinoma: genomic stability and responsiveness to therapeutics.

Gamwell LF, Gambaro K, Merziotis M, Crane C, Arcand SL, Bourada V, Davis C, Squire JA, Huntsman DG, Tonin PN, Vanderhyden BC.AbstractABSTRACT: BACKGROUND: The biology of small cell ovarian carcinoma of the hypercalcemic type (SCCOHT), which is a rare and aggressive form of ovarian cancer, is poorly understood. Tumourigenicity, in vitro growth characteristics, genetic and genomic anomalies, and sensitivity to standard and novel chemotherapeutic treatments were investigated in the unique SCCOHT cell line, BIN-67, to provide further insight in the biology of this rare type of ovarian cancer.
Orphanet journal of rare diseases.Orphanet J Rare Dis.2013 Feb 21;8(1):33. [Epub ahead of print]
ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND: The biology of small cell ovarian carcinoma of the hypercalcemic type (SCCOHT), which is a rare and aggressive form of ovarian cancer, is poorly understood. Tumourigenicity, in vitro growth characteristics, genetic and genomic anomalies, and sensitivity to standard and novel ch
PMID 23433318

Screening ADAMTS10 in dog populations supports Gly661Arg as the glaucoma-causing variant in Beagles.

Kuchtey J, Kunkel J, Esson D, Sapienza JS, Ward DA, Plummer CE, Gelatt KN, Kuchtey RW.SourceVanderbilt Eye Institute, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, United States.
Investigative ophthalmology & visual science.Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci.2013 Feb 19. pii: iovs.12-10796v1. doi: 10.1167/iovs.12-10796. [Epub ahead of print]
Purpose. Previously, we mapped the disease locus in the Beagle model of autosomal recessive primary open angle glaucoma (POAG) to a 4 Mb interval on chromosome 20, and identified a Gly661Arg variant in ADAMTS10 as the candidate disease-causing variant. The purpose of this study was to test the hypot
PMID 23422823

Japanese Journal

組換現象に着目した集団ハプロタイプ構造解析法 : 分かれと出会いの系統地理学(2011年度日本動物分類学会シンポジウム)

桑山崇,布目三夫,鈴木仁
タクサ : 日本動物分類学会誌 (32), 7-12, 2012-02-20
… In this review article, we describe a recently developed method that explores past introgressive hybridization following secondary contact, focusing on recombination signals along a certain chromosome portion, such as 200 kb, 1 Mb, or 5 Mb. … In a case of 200 kb segment, for example, we determined nucleotide sequences in eight gene region (〜500 bp) being separated at 20-30 kb interval and assessed its haplotype structures. …
NAID 110009419681

Successful treatment of a chronic-phase T-315I-mutated chronic myelogenous leukemia patient with a combination of imatinib and interferon-alfa

Itonaga Hidehiro,Tsushima Hideki,Hata Tomoko,Matsuo Emi,Imanishi Daisuke,Imaizumi Yoshitaka,Kawaguchi Yasuhisa,Fukushima Takuya,Doi Yuko,Mori Sayaka,Kamihira Shimeru,Tomonaga Masao,Miyazaki Yasushi
International Journal of Hematology 95(2), 209-213, 2012-02
… The T315I BCR-ABL mutation in chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) patients is responsible for up to 20% of all clinically observed resistance. … A 61-year-old male was diagnosed with Philadelphia chromosome-positive chronic-phase CML in 2002. …
NAID 80022323845

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★リンクテーブル★

リンク元	「20番染色体」「第20染色体」「第20番染色体」

「20番染色体」

Chromosome 20 (human)
Features
Length (bp)	63,025,520 bp
Number of genes	897 (NCBI); 1,068 (EBI)
Type	Autosome
Centromere position	Metacentric
Identifiers
RefSeq	NC_000020
GenBank	CM000682

　　[★]

英: chromosome 20
関: 第20番染色体、第20染色体

「第20染色体」

　　[★]

英: chromosome 20
関: 第20番染色体、20番染色体

「第20番染色体」

　　[★]

英: chromosome 20
関: 第20染色体、20番染色体

[RefSeq_record-1] "Homo sapiens chromosome 20, GRCh37.p13 Primary Assembly". National Center for Biotechnology Information. Retrieved October 17, 2013.

[2] "Table 2.3, Human chromosome groups - Human Molecular Genetics - NCBI Bookshelf". Garland Science via National Center for Biotechnology Information. Retrieved November 17, 2013.

[Deloukas2001-3] Deloukas P, et al. (2001). "The DNA sequence and comparative analysis of human chromosome 20". Nature 414 (6866): 865–871. doi:10.1038/414865a. PMID 11780052.

[4] "Map Viewer". National Center for Biotechnology Information. Retrieved October 17, 2013.

[5] "Vega Genome Browser 54: Homo sapiens - Chromosome summary - Chromosome 20: 1-62,965,520". Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute. Retrieved October 17, 2013.

[Gilbert1997-6] Gilbert F (1997). "Disease genes and chromosomes: disease maps of the human genome". Genet Test 1 (3): 225–229. doi:10.1089/gte.1997.1.225. PMID 10464650.

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案内

案内

chromosome 20