WordNet

grant a charter to
a contract to hire or lease transportation
a document incorporating an institution and specifying its rights; includes the articles of incorporation and the certificate of incorporation
an experimental public school for kindergarten through grade 12; created and organized by teachers and parents and community leaders; operates independently of other schools
a British or Canadian accountant who is a member of a professional body that has a royal charter
a charter granted by the sovereign (especially in Great Britain)
not chartered
plan in detail; "Bush is charting a course to destroy Saddam Hussein"
a map designed to assist navigation by air or sea
a visual display of information
make a chart of; "chart the territory"
hired for the exclusive temporary use of a group of travelers; "a chartered plane"; "the chartered buses arrived on time" (同)hired, leased

PrepTutorEJDIC

(君主・政府などが人民・組織・個人に与える権利の)『特許状』,免許状,憲章 / (組織の趣旨を述べた)『憲章』 / (バス・飛行機・船などの)貸借契約 / 〈組織など〉‘に'『特許(免許)を与える』 / (契約によって)〈バス・飛行機・船など〉'を'『借り切る』
『海図』,水路図 / 『図表』 / …'を'図表(海図)に作る / 《話》〈行動など〉'を'計画する(plan)

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出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2014/04/26 11:59:02」(JST)

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For other uses, see Charter (disambiguation).

An example of a charter (Magna Carta).

A charter is the grant of authority or rights, stating that the granter formally recognizes the prerogative of the recipient to exercise the rights specified. It is implicit that the granter retains superiority (or sovereignty), and that the recipient admits a limited (or inferior) status within the relationship, and it is within that sense that charters were historically granted, and that sense is retained in modern usage of the term.

The word entered the English language from the Old French charte (ultimately from the Latin word for "paper"), but the concept is universal and transcends language^{[citation needed]}. It has come to be synonymous with the document that lays out the granting of rights or privileges.

Colloquial usages

The term is used for a special case (or as an exception) to an institutional charter. A charter school, for example, is one that has different rules, regulations, and statutes from a state school.

Charter is sometimes used as a synonym for 'tool' or 'lease', as in the 'charter' of a bus or boat by an organization, intended for a similar group destination.

A charter member of an organization is an original member; that is, one who became a member when the organization received its charter.

Different types of charters

Main article: Anglo-Saxon Charters

Anglo-Saxon Charters are documents from the early medieval period in Britain which typically make a grant of land or record a privilege. They are usually written on parchment, in Latin but often with sections in the vernacular, describing the bounds of estates, which often correspond closely to modern parish boundaries. The earliest surviving charters were drawn up in the 670s; the oldest surviving charters granted land to the Church, but from the 8th century surviving charters were increasingly used to grant land to lay people.

Charter colony

Main article: Charter colony

The British Empire used three main types of colonies as it sought to expand its territory to distant parts of the earth. These three types were royal colonies, proprietary colonies, and corporate colonies. A charter colony by definition is a "colony…chartered to an individual, trading company, etc., by the British crown."^[1] Although charter colonies were not the most prevalent of the three types of colonies in the British Empire, they were by no means insignificant.

Congressional charter

Main article: Congressional charter

A congressional charter is a law passed by the United States Congress that states the mission, authority and activities of a group. Congress issued federal charters from 1791 until 1992 under Title 36 of the United States Code.

Municipal charter

Main article: Municipal charter

A municipal corporation is the legal term for a local governing body, including (but not necessarily limited to) cities, counties, towns, townships, charter townships, villages, and boroughs. Municipal incorporation occurs when such municipalities become self-governing entities under the laws of the state or province in which they are located. Often, this event is marked by the award or declaration of a municipal charter.

Project charter

Main article: Project charter

In project management, a project charter or project definition (sometimes called the terms of reference) is a statement of the scope, objectives and participants in a project. It provides a preliminary delineation of roles and responsibilities, outlines the project objectives, identifies the main stakeholders, and defines the authority of the project manager. It serves as a reference of authority for the future of the project.

Royal charter

Main article: Royal charter

In medieval Europe, royal charters were used to create cities (i.e., localities with recognised legal rights and privileges). The date that such a charter was granted is considered to be when a city was "founded", regardless of when the locality originally began to be settled.

At one time a royal charter was the only way in which an incorporated body could be formed, but other means (such as the registration process for limited companies) are generally now used instead.

References

^ charter colony - Definitions from Dictionary.com

External links

Look up charter in Wiktionary, the free dictionary.

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Charters.

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