WordNet

a salt or ester of boric acid
an acid of fluorine and boron
a form of boric acid
street name for lysergic acid diethylamide (同)back breaker, battery-acid, dose, dot, Elvis, loony toons, Lucy in the sky with diamonds, pane, superman, window pane, Zen
any of various water-soluble compounds having a sour taste and capable of turning litmus red and reacting with a base to form a salt
having the characteristics of an acid; "an acid reaction"
of or relating to or derived from or containing boron; "boric acid" (同)boracic

PrepTutorEJDIC

硼酸塩,硼酸エステル
酸性の / 酸味のある,すっぱい(sour) / (言葉・態度などが)厳しい,しんらつな / 酸 / すっぱいもの / 《俗》=LSD

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出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2016/05/02 01:52:49」(JST)

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Boric acid, also called hydrogen borate, boracic acid, orthoboric acid and acidum boricum, is a weak, monobasic Lewis acid of boron often used as an antiseptic, insecticide, flame retardant, neutron absorber, or precursor to other chemical compounds. It has the chemical formula H₃BO₃ (sometimes written B(OH)₃), and exists in the form of colorless crystals or a white powder that dissolves in water. When occurring as a mineral, it is called sassolite.

Occurrence

Boric acid, or sassolite, is found natively in its free state in some volcanic districts, for example, in the Italian region of Tuscany, the Lipari Islands and the US state of Nevada. In these volcanic settings it issues, mixed with steam, from fissures in the ground. It is also found as a constituent of many naturally occurring minerals – borax, boracite, ulexite (boronatrocalcite) and colemanite. Boric acid and its salts are found in seawater. It is also found in plants, including almost all fruits.^[1]

Boric acid was first prepared by Wilhelm Homberg (1652–1715) from borax, by the action of mineral acids, and was given the name sal sedativum Hombergi ("sedative salt of Homberg"). However borates, including boric acid, have been used since the time of the Greeks for cleaning, preserving food, and other activities.^{[citation needed]}

Preparation

Boric acid may be prepared by reacting borax (sodium tetraborate decahydrate) with a mineral acid, such as hydrochloric acid:

Na₂B₄O₇·10H₂O + 2 HCl → 4 B(OH)₃ [or H₃BO₃] + 2 NaCl + 5 H₂O

It is also formed as a by product of hydrolysis of boron trihalides and diborane:^[2]

B₂H₆ + 6 H₂O → 2 B(OH)₃ + 6 H₂

BX₃ + 3 H₂O → B(OH)₃ + 3 HX (X = Cl, Br, I)

Properties

Boric acid is soluble in boiling water. When heated above 170 °C, it dehydrates, forming metaboric acid (HBO₂):

H₃BO₃ → HBO₂ + H₂O

Metaboric acid is a white, cubic crystalline solid and is only slightly soluble in water. Metaboric acid melts at about 236 °C, and when heated above about 300 °C further dehydrates, forming tetraboric acid or pyroboric acid (H₂B₄O₇):

4 HBO₂ → H₂B₄O₇ + H₂O

The term boric acid may sometimes refer to any of these compounds. Further heating leads to boron trioxide.

H₂B₄O₇ → 2 B₂O₃ + H₂O

There are conflicting interpretations for the origin of the acidity of aqueous boric acid solutions. Raman spectroscopy of strongly alkaline solutions has shown the presence of B(OH)−
4 ion,^[3] leading some to conclude that the acidity is exclusively due to the abstraction of OH⁻ from water:^[3]^[4]^[5]^[6]

B(OH)₃ + H₂O B(OH)−
4 + H⁺ (K = 7.3x10⁻¹⁰; pK = 9.14)

or more properly expressed in the aqueous solution:

B(OH)₃ + 2 H₂O B(OH)−
4 + H₃O⁺

This may be characterized^[4]^[5]^[6] as Lewis acidity of boron toward OH⁻, rather than as Brønsted acidity.

However other sources^[7] say that boric acid is also a tribasic Brønsted acid, with successive ionization steps:

B(OH)₃ BO(OH)−
2 + H⁺ (K_a1 = 5.8x10⁻¹⁰; pK_a1 = 9.24)^{[citation needed]}

BO(OH)−
2 BO₂(OH)²⁻ + H⁺ (K_a2 = 4x10⁻¹³; pK_a2 = 12.4)^{[citation needed]}

BO₂(OH)²⁻ BO3−
3 + H⁺ (K_a3 = 4x10⁻¹⁴; pK_a3 = 13.3)^{[citation needed]}

Since the value of K_a1 is comparable to that of the reaction with OH⁻, the concentrations of BO(OH)−
2 and B(OH)−
4 are similar.^[7]

Polyborate anions are formed at pH 7–10 if the boron concentration is higher than about 0.025 mol/L. The best known of these is the 'tetraborate' ion, found in the mineral borax:

4[B(OH)₄]⁻ + 2H⁺ ⇌ [B₄O₅(OH)₄]²⁻ + 7H₂O

Boric acid makes an important contribution to the absorption of low frequency sound in seawater.^[8]

Reactions

With polyols such as glycerol and mannitol the acidity of the solution is increased. With mannitol for example the pK decreases to 5.15. This is due to the formation of a chelate, [((OH)₄C₆H₈O₂)₂B]⁻, and this feature is used in analytical chemistry.^[9]

Boric acid dissolves in anhydrous sulfuric acid:^[9]

B(OH)₃ + 6H₂SO₄ → 3H₃O⁺ + 2HSO₄⁻ + B(HSO₄)₄⁻

Boric acid reacts with alcohols to form borate esters, B(OR)₃ where R is alkyl or aryl. A dehydrating agent, such as concentrated sulfuric acid is typically added:^[10]

B(OH)₃ + 3 ROH → B(OR)₃ +3 H₂O

Crystal structure

Crystalline boric acid consists of layers of B(OH)₃ molecules held together by hydrogen bonds. The B-O bond length is 136 pm and the O-H is 97 pm with a hydrogen bond of 272pm. The distance between two adjacent layers is 318 pm.^[9]


The unit cell of boric acid	hydrogen bonding (dashed lines) allows boric acid molecules to form parallel layers in the solid state

Toxicology

Based on mammalian median lethal dose (LD₅₀) rating of 2,660 mg/kg body mass, boric acid is only poisonous if taken internally or inhaled in large quantities. The Thirteenth Edition of the Merck Index indicates that the LD₅₀ of boric acid is 5.14 g/kg for oral dosages given to rats, and that 5 to 20 g/kg has produced death in adult humans. For comparison's sake, the LD₅₀ of salt is reported to be 3.75 g/kg in rats according to the Merck Index. Humans have been known to die from amounts only a small fraction of the LD₅₀. "The minimal lethal dose of ingested boron (as boric acid) was reported to be 2–3 g in infants, 5–6 g in children, and 15–20 g in adults....However, a review of 784 human poisonings with boric acid (10–88 g) reported no fatalities, with 88% of cases being asymptomatic ", according to the Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry.^[11]

Long term exposure to boric acid may be of more concern, causing kidney damage and eventually kidney failure (see links below). Although it does not appear to be carcinogenic, studies in dogs have reported testicular atrophy after exposure to 32 mg/kg bw/day for 90 days. This level is far lower than the LD₅₀.^[12]

According to boric acid IUCLID Dataset published by the European Commission, boric acid in high doses shows significant developmental toxicity and teratogenicity in rabbit, rat, and mouse fetuses as well as cardiovascular defects, skeletal variations, mild kidney lesions.^[13] As a consequence, in August 2008, in the 30th ATP to EU directive 67/548/EEC, the EC decided to amend its classification as reprotoxic category 2 and to apply the risk phrases R60 (may impair fertility) and R61 (may cause harm to the unborn child).^[14]^[15]^[16]^[17]^[18]

At a recent European Diagnostics Manufacturing Association (EDMA) Meeting, several new additions to the Substance of Very High Concern (SVHC) candidate list in relation to the Registration, Evaluation, Authorisation and restriction of Chemicals Regulations 2007 (REACH) were discussed. The registration and review completed as part of REACH has meant the current classification of Boric Acid CAS 10043-35-3 / 11113-50-1 as of 1 December 2010 will be listed as H360FD (May damage fertility. May damage the unborn child.)^[19]^[20]

Uses

Medical

Boric acid can be used as an antiseptic for minor burns or cuts and is sometimes used in dressings or salves. Boric acid is applied in a very dilute solution as an eye wash. Dilute boric acid can be used as a vaginal douche to treat bacterial vaginosis due to excessive alkalinity,^[21] as well as candidiasis due to non-albicans candida.^[22] As an antibacterial compound, boric acid can also be used as an acne treatment. It is also used as prevention of athlete's foot, by inserting powder in the socks or stockings, and in alcohol solution can be used to treat some kinds of otitis externa (ear infection) in both humans and animals. The preservative in urine sample bottles in the UK is boric acid.

Boric acid solutions used as an eye wash or on abraded skin are known to be toxic, particularly to infants, especially after repeated use; this is because of its slow elimination rate.^[23]

Insecticidal

Boric acid was first registered in the US as an insecticide in 1948 for control of cockroaches, termites, fire ants, fleas, silverfish, and many other insects. The product is generally considered to be safe to use in household kitchens to control cockroaches and ants.^[24] It acts as a stomach poison affecting the insects' metabolism, and the dry powder is abrasive to the insects' exoskeletons.

Preservation

In combination with its use as an insecticide, boric acid also prevents and destroys existing wet and dry rot in timbers. It can be used in combination with an ethylene glycol carrier to treat external wood against fungal and insect attack. It is possible to buy borate-impregnated rods for insertion into wood via drill holes where dampness and moisture is known to collect and sit. It is available in a gel form and injectable paste form for treating rot affected wood without the need to replace the timber. Concentrates of borate-based treatments can be used to prevent slime, mycelium, and algae growth, even in marine environments.

Boric acid is added to salt in the curing of cattle hides, calfskins, and sheepskins. This helps to control bacteria development, and helps to control insects.

pH buffer

Boric acid predominates in solution below pH 9

Boric acid buffers against rising pH in swimming pools

Boric acid in equilibrium with its conjugate base the borate ion is widely used (in the concentration range 50 - 100 ppm boron equivalents) as a primary or adjunct pH buffer system in swimming pools. Boric acid is a weak acid, with pKa (the pH at which buffering is strongest because the free acid and borate ion are in equal concentrations) of 9.24 in pure water at 25 °C. But apparent pKa is substantially lower in swimming pool or ocean waters because of interactions with various other molecules in solution. It will be around 9.0 in a salt-water pool. No matter which form of soluble boron is added, within the acceptable range of pH and boron concentration for swimming pools, boric acid is the predominant form in aqueous solution, as shown in the accompanying figure. The boric acid - borate system can be useful as a primary buffer system (substituting for the bicarbonate system with pKa1 = 6.0 and pKa2 = 9.4 under typical salt-water pool conditions) in pools with salt-water chlorine generators that tend to show upward drift in pH from a working range of pH 7.5 - 8.2. Buffer capacity is greater against rising pH (towards the pKa around 9.0), as illustrated in the accompanying graph. The use of boric acid in this concentration range does not allow any reduction in free HOCl concentration needed for pool sanitation, but it may add marginally to the photo-protective effects of cyanuric acid and confer other benefits through anti-corrosive activity or perceived water softness, depending on overall pool solute composition.^[25]

Lubrication

Colloidal suspensions of nanoparticles of boric acid dissolved in petroleum or vegetable oil can form a remarkable lubricant on ceramic or metal surfaces^[26] with a coefficient of sliding friction that decreases with increasing pressure to a value ranging from 0.10 to 0.02. Self-lubricating H₃BO₃ films result from a spontaneous chemical reaction between water molecules and B₂O₃ coatings in a humid environment. In bulk-scale, an inverse relationship exists between friction coefficient and Hertzian contact pressure induced by applied load.

Boric acid is used to lubricate carrom and novuss boards, allowing for faster play.^[27]

Nuclear power

Boric acid is used in some nuclear power plants as a neutron poison. The boron in boric acid reduces the probability of thermal fission by absorbing some thermal neutrons. Fission chain reactions are generally driven by the probability that free neutrons will result in fission and is determined by the material and geometric properties of the reactor. Natural boron consists of approximately 20% boron-10 and 80% boron-11 isotopes. Boron-10 has a high cross-section for absorption of low energy (thermal) neutrons. By increasing boric acid concentration in the reactor coolant, the probability that a neutron will cause fission is reduced. Changes in boric acid concentration can effectively regulate the rate of fission taking place in the reactor. Boric acid is used only in pressurized water reactors (PWRs) whereas boiling water reactors (BWRs) employ control rod pattern and coolant flow for power control. BWRs use an aqueous solution of boric acid and borax or Sodium Pentaborate for an emergency shut down system. Boric acid may be dissolved in spent fuel pools used to store spent fuel elements. The concentration is high enough to keep neutron multiplication at a minimum. Boric acid was dumped over Reactor 4 of the Chernobyl Nuclear Power Plant after its meltdown to prevent another reaction from occurring.^{[citation needed]}

Industrial

The primary industrial use of boric acid is in the manufacture of monofilament fiberglass usually referred to as textile fiberglass. Textile fiberglass is used to reinforce plastics in applications that range from boats, to industrial piping to computer circuit boards.^[28]

In the jewelry industry, boric acid is often used in combination with denatured alcohol to reduce surface oxidation and firescale from forming on metals during annealing and soldering operations.

Boric acid is used in the production of the glass in LCD flat panel displays.

In electroplating, boric acid is used as part of some proprietary formulas. One such known formula calls for about a 1 to 10 ratio of H
3BO
3 to NiSO
4, a very small portion of sodium lauryl sulfate and a small portion of H
2SO
4.

Boric acid, mixed with borax (sodium tetraborate decahydrate) at the weight ratio of 4:5, is highly soluble in water, though they are not so soluble separately.^[29] The solution is used for fire retarding agent of wood by impregnation.^[30]

It is also used in the manufacturing of ramming mass, a fine silica-containing powder used for producing induction furnace linings and ceramics.

Boric acid is one of the most commonly used substances that can neutralize active hydrofluoric acid (HF). It works by forcing the free F⁻ anions into complex salts. This process defeats the extreme toxicity of hydrofluoric acid, particularly its ability to sequester ionic calcium from blood serum which can lead to cardiac arrest and bone decomposition; such an event can occur from just minor skin contact with HF.^[31]

Boric acid is added to borax for use as welding flux by blacksmiths.^[32]

Boric acid, in combination with silicone oil, is used to manufacture Silly Putty.^[33]

Boric acid may be used in Marcellus Shale hydraulic fracturing in Pennsylvania.^[34]

Pyrotechnics

Boron is used in pyrotechnics to prevent the amide-forming reaction between aluminum and nitrates. A small amount of boric acid is added to the composition to neutralize alkaline amides that can react with the aluminum.

Boric acid can be used as a colorant to make fire green. For example, when dissolved in methanol it is popularly used by fire jugglers and fire spinners to create a deep green flame.

Agriculture

Boric acid is used to treat or prevent boron deficiencies in plants.

References

^ Allen, A. H.; Tankard, A. R. (1904). "The Determination of Boric Acid in Cider, Fruits, etc.". Analyst 29 (October): 301–304. doi:10.1039/an9042900301.
^ Housecroft, C. E.; Sharpe, A. G. (2008). "Chapter 13: The Group 13 Elements". Inorganic Chemistry (3rd ed.). Pearson. p. 340. ISBN 978-0-13-175553-6.
^ ^a ^b Jolly, W. L. (1984). Modern Inorganic Chemistry. McGraw-Hill. p. 198.
^ ^a ^b Housecroft, C.E.; Sharpe, A.G. (2005). Inorganic Chemistry (2nd ed.). Pearson Prentice-Hall. pp. 314–5.
^ ^a ^b Comprehensive Chemistry for JEE Advanced 2014, p15.5
^ ^a ^b Competition Science Vision
^ ^a ^b Perelygin, Yu. P.; Chistyakov, D. Yu. (2006). "Boric acid" (PDF). Russian Journal of Applied Chemistry (Pleiades Publishing) 79 (12): 2041–2042. doi:10.1134/S1070427206120305. ISSN 1070-4272. Retrieved 29 August 2013.
^ "Underlying Physics and Mechanisms for the Absorption of Sound in Seawater". National Physical Laboratory. Retrieved 2008-04-21.
^ ^a ^b ^c Greenwood, Norman N.; Earnshaw, Alan (1997). Chemistry of the Elements (2nd ed.). Butterworth-Heinemann. ISBN 0-08-037941-9.
^ Brown, Herbert C.; Mead, Edward J.; Shoaf, Charles J. (1956). "Convenient Procedures for the Preparation of Alkyl Borate Esters". J. Am. Chem. Soc 78 (15): 3613–3614. doi:10.1021/ja01596a015.
^ HHS, Public Health Service, Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry (November 2010), Toxicological Profile for Boron (PDF), p. 11
^ Office of Prevention, Pesticides and Toxic Substances (2006). "Report of the Food Quality Protection Act (FQPA) Tolerance Reassessment Eligibility Decision (TRED) for Boric Acid/Sodium Borate Salts" (PDF). United States Environmental Protection Agency. Retrieved 2008-04-21.
^ ECB. "Boric Acid IUCLID Dataset" (PDF). European Commission.
^ "Boric acid, ACC# 03260 MSDS" (PDF). 11 February 2008. Retrieved 2009-09-24.
^ Ishii, Y.; Fujizuka, N.; Takahashi, T.; et al. (1993). "A Fatal Case of Acute Boric Acid Poisoning". Clinical Toxicology 31 (2): 345–352. doi:10.3109/15563659309000402. PMID 8492348.
^ = Restuccio, A.; Mortensen, M. E.; Kelley, M. T. (1992). "Fatal Ingestion of Boric Acid in an Adult". American Journal of Emergency Medicine 10 (6): 545–547. doi:10.1016/0735-6757(92)90180-6. PMID 1388380.
^ Duldner, J. E. (30 January 2009). "Boric Acid Poisoning". A.D.A.M. Medical Encyclopedia. MedLine Plus.
^ NSW Food Authority. "Borax and Boric Acid". Australia: New South Wales Government. Retrieved 2009-09-24.
^ "Document library - ECHA" (PDF). Echa.europa.eu. Retrieved 2013-05-26.
^ http://www.deti.ie/employment/chemicalspolicy/clpregulation1272.pdf
^ Abercrombie, P. (2010). "Vaginitis". In Maizes, V.; Low Dog, T. Integrative Women's Health. New York, NY: Oxford University Press. p. 192. ISBN 978-0-19-537881-8.
^ Iavazzo C, Gkegkes ID, Zarkada IM, Falagas ME (August 2011). "Boric acid for recurrent vulvovaginal candidiasis: the clinical evidence". J Womens Health (Larchmt) 20 (8): 1245–55. doi:10.1089/jwh.2010.2708. PMID 21774671.
^ Harvey, S. C. (1980). "Antiseptics and Disinfectants; Fungicides; Ectoparasiticides". In Gilman, A. G.; Goodman, L. S.; Gilman, A. Goodman & Gillman's The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics (6th ed.). p. 971. ISBN 978-0-02-344720-4.
^ Office of Prevention, Pesticides and Toxic Substances (1993). "R.E.D. Facts: Boric Acid" (PDF). United States Environmental Protection Agency. Retrieved 2008-04-21.
^ Birch, Robert G (2013). "Boric acid as a swimming pool buffer" (pdf). The University of Queensland. Retrieved 30 Nov 2013.
^ Düzcükoğlu, H.; Acaroğlu, M. (2009). "Lubrication Properties of Vegetable Oils Combined with Boric Acid and Determination of Their Effects on Wear". Energy Sources, Part A: Recovery, Utilization, and Environmental Effects 32 (3): 275–285. doi:10.1080/15567030802606053.
^ Singh, Harpreet. "Standard equipments". Punjab State Carrom Association. Retrieved 2009-09-24.
^ Kistler, R. B.; Helvaci, C. (1994). "Boron and Borates". In Carr, D. D. Industrial Minerals and Rocks (6th ed.). Littleton, CO: SME. pp. 171–186.
^ Tsuyumoto, I.; Oshio, T.; Katayama, K. (2007). "Preparation of Highly Concentrated Aqueous Solution of Sodium Borate". Inorganic Chemistry Communications 10 (1): 20–22. doi:10.1016/j.inoche.2006.08.019.
^ Tsuyumoto, I.; Oshio, T. (2009). "Development of Fire Resistant Laminated Wood Using Concentrated Sodium Polyborate Aqueous Solution". Journal of Wood Chemistry and Technology 29 (4): 277–285. doi:10.1080/02773810903033721.
^ "Method 3052 microwave assisted acid digestion of siliceous and organically based matrices" (PDF). US EPA.
^ Dempsey, Jock (2009) [1998]. "BORAX". Dempsey's Forge. Retrieved 2010-07-23.
^ Prager, Felice. "Science Becomes a Toy - Silly Putty". Loti.com. Rewind the Fifites. Retrieved 2013-06-07.
^ "Chemicals Used by Hydraulic Fracturing Companies in Pennsylvania for Surface and Hydraulic Fracturing Activities" (PDF). Pennsylvania Department of Environmental Protection, Bureau of Oil and Gas Management. 30 June 2010.

External links

Media related to Boric acid at Wikimedia Commons
Boric Acid Technical Fact Sheet - National Pesticide Information Center
Boric Acid General Fact Sheet - National Pesticide Information Center
International Chemical Safety Card 0991
US EPA Pesticide Reregistration Eligibility Decision
National Pollutant Inventory - Boron and compounds
Boric acid at ChemicalLand21
European Chemicals Agency (ECHA)"New Public Consultation on Eight Potential Substances of Very High Concern" - includes Boric Acid. Closes 22 April 2010
ChemSub Online: Boric acid

UpToDate Contents

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1. カンジダ性外陰膣炎 candida vulvovaginitis
2. 細菌性膣炎 bacterial vaginosis
3. おむつ皮膚炎 diaper dermatitis
4. 耳垢 cerumen
5. 小児における中毒の防止 prevention of poisoning in children

English Journal

Electrochemical assay of α-glucosidase activity and the inhibitor screening in cell medium.

Zhang J1, Liu Y2, Wang X1, Chen Y1, Li G3.
Biosensors & bioelectronics.Biosens Bioelectron.2015 Dec 15;74:666-72. doi: 10.1016/j.bios.2015.07.023. Epub 2015 Jul 11.
An electrochemical method is established in this work for the assay of α-glucosidase activity and the inhibitor screening through one-step displacement reaction, which can be directly used in cell medium. The displacement reaction can be achieved via strong binding of 4-aminophenyl-α-d-glucopyrano
PMID 26201984

The improvement of the energy resolution in epi-thermal neutron region of Bonner sphere using boric acid water solution moderator.

Ueda H1, Tanaka H2, Sakurai Y3.
Applied radiation and isotopes : including data, instrumentation and methods for use in agriculture, industry and medicine.Appl Radiat Isot.2015 Oct;104:25-8. doi: 10.1016/j.apradiso.2015.06.020. Epub 2015 Jun 17.
Bonner sphere is useful to evaluate the neutron spectrum in detail. We are improving the energy resolution in epi-thermal neutron region of Bonner sphere, using boric acid water solution as a moderator. Its response function peak is narrower than that for polyethylene moderator and the improvement o
PMID 26133664

Effects of Boric Acid on Fracture Healing: An Experimental Study.

Gölge UH1, Kaymaz B, Arpaci R, Kömürcü E, Göksel F, Güven M, Güzel Y, Cevizci S.
Biological trace element research.Biol Trace Elem Res.2015 Oct;167(2):264-71. doi: 10.1007/s12011-015-0326-3. Epub 2015 Apr 7.
Boric acid (BA) has positive effects on bone tissue. In this study, the effects of BA on fracture healing were evaluated in an animal model. Standard closed femoral shaft fractures were created in 40 male Sprague-Dawley rats under general anesthesia. The rats were allocated into five groups (n =�
PMID 25846213

Japanese Journal

Identification and Characterization of an Arabidopsis Mutant with Altered Localization of NIP5;1, a Plasma Membrane Boric Acid Channel, Reveals the Requirement for D-Galactose in Endomembrane Organization (Special Focus Issue : Plant Endomembranes)

Uehara Masataka,Wang Sheliang,Kamiya Takehiro [他]
Plant and cell physiology 55(4), 704-714, 2014-04
NAID 40020302018

Natural rubber blocks as thermal neutron shields (The 12th International Conference on Radiation Shielding (ICRS-12) and the 17th Topical Meeting of the Radiation Protection and Shielding Division of ANS (RPSD-2012)) -- (Shielding Materials)

Onjun Orasa,Laothong Nichapa,Picha Roppon [他]
Progress in nuclear science and technology 4, 631-634, 2014-04
NAID 40020092947

人工培地上におけるCyclamen coum Mill.の花粉発芽

高村武二郎,石塚栄治
香川大学農学部学術報告 66(119), 1-4, 2014-02
NAID 40020029337

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★リンクテーブル★

リンク元	「ホウ酸」「borate」

「ホウ酸」

Boric acid
Names
	IUPAC names Boric acid; Trihydrooxidoboron
	Other names Orthoboric acid,; Boracic acid,; Sassolite,; Optibor,; Borofax,; Trihydroxyborane,; Boron(III) hydroxide
Identifiers
CAS Number	10043-35-3
ChEBI	CHEBI:33118
ChEMBL	ChEMBL42403
ChemSpider	7346
EC Number	233-139-2
Jmol 3D model	Interactive image; Interactive image
KEGG	D01089
PubChem	7628
UNII	R57ZHV85D4
	InChI InChI=1S/BH3O3/c2-1(3)4/h2-4H Key: KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N ; InChI=1/BH3O3/c2-1(3)4/h2-4H Key: KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYAI ;
	SMILES OB(O)O ; B(O)(O)O ;
Properties
Chemical formula	BH3O3
Molar mass	61.83 g·mol−1
Appearance	White crystalline solid
Density	1.435 g/cm3
Melting point	170.9 °C (339.6 °F; 444.0 K)
Boiling point	300 °C (572 °F; 573 K)
Solubility in water	2.52 g/100 mL (0 °C); 4.72 g/100 mL (20 °C); 5.7 g/100 mL (25 °C); 19.10 g/100 mL (80 °C); 27.53 g/100 mL (100 °C)
Solubility in other solvents	Soluble in lower alcohols; moderately soluble in pyridine; very slightly soluble in acetone
Acidity (pKa)	9.24, 12.4, 13.3
Structure
Molecular shape	Trigonal planar
Dipole moment	Zero
Pharmacology
ATC code	S02AA03 (WHO) D08AD (WHO)
Hazards
Safety data sheet	See: data page
EU classification (DSD)	Xn
R-phrases	R60 R61
S-phrases	S53 S45
NFPA 704	0 2 0
Flash point	Non-flammable
	Lethal dose or concentration (LD, LC):
LD50 (Median dose)	2660 mg/kg, oral (rat)
Related compounds
Related compounds	Boron trioxide; Borax
Supplementary data page
Structure and; properties	Refractive index (n),; Dielectric constant (εr), etc.
Thermodynamic; data	Phase behaviour; solid–liquid–gas
Spectral data	UV, IR, NMR, MS
	verify (what is ?)
	Infobox references

　　[★]

英: boric acid BA、borate
ラ: acidum boricum
商: カーディオライト、ケトチフェン、スコピゾル、マイティア
関: ホウ酸塩

「borate」

　　[★]

ホウ酸、ホウ酸塩

関: boric acid

boric acid

[1] Allen, A. H.; Tankard, A. R. (1904). "The Determination of Boric Acid in Cider, Fruits, etc.". Analyst 29 (October): 301–304. doi:10.1039/an9042900301.

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boric acid