関: Ceratopogonidae

WordNet

biting midges; sand flies (同)family Ceratopogonidae
causing a sharply painful or stinging sensation; used especially of cold; "bitter cold"; "a biting wind" (同)bitter
minute two-winged mosquito-like fly lacking biting mouthparts; appear in dancing swarms especially near water
used in combination to denote the middle; "midmorning"; "midsummer"; "in mid-1958"; "a mid-June wedding"

PrepTutorEJDIC

鋭い,痛烈な(sharp) / 膚を刺すような(cutting)
蚊,(特に小さい)ブヨ

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出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2013/05/21 16:53:05」(JST)

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Ceratopogonidae, or biting midges (including what are called, in the United States and Canada, no-see-ums, midgies, sand flies, punkies, and others), are a family of small flies (1–4 mm long) in the order Diptera. They are closely related to the Chironomidae, Simuliidae (or black flies), and Thaumaleidae.

They are found in almost any aquatic or semiaquatic habitat throughout the world. Females of most species are adapted to suck blood from some kind of host animal. Culicoides, Forcipomyia (Lasiohelea), and Leptoconops suck vertebrate blood. Some Atrichopogon and Forcipomyia species are ectoparasites on larger insects. Dasyhelea species feed exclusively on nectar. Species in other genera are predatory on other small insects. Larvae are always found in some damp location, such as under bark, in rotten wood, compost, mud, stream margins, tree holes, or water-holding plants (i.e., phytotelmata).

Ceratopogonidae male

Leptoconops

Biting midge or "punky" on a flower

While this Sphodromantis eats a bee, a ceratopogonid midge, sitting on the joint between the femur and tibia of the right-hand foreleg, fills its abdomen with the green mantis blood.

Many of the hematophagic (blood-eating) species are pests in beach or mountain habitats. Some other species are important pollinators of tropical crops such as cacao. The blood-sucking species may be vectors of disease-causing viruses, protozoa, or filarial worms. The bite of midges in the genus Culicoides causes an allergic response in equines known as sweet itch. In humans, their bites can cause intensely itchy, red welts that can persist for more than a week. The discomfort arises from a localized allergic reaction to the proteins in their saliva, which can be somewhat alleviated by topical antihistamines.

The smaller members of the family are tiny enough to pass through the apertures in typical window screens. Camping tents are often equipped with extra-fine mesh netting, called no-see-um nets, to keep the pests out.

References [edit]

Blanton, F.S. and W.W. Wirth. 1979. The sand flies (Culicoides) of Florida (Ceratopogonidae). Arthropods of Florida and Neighboring Land Areas Volume 10. Florida Department of Agriculture and Consumer Services.
Borkent, A. and W.W. Wirth. 1997. World species of biting midges (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae). Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 233: 1–257.
Clastrier, J. and W.W. Wirth. 1978. The Leptoconops kerteszi complex in North America (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae). United States Department of Agriculture Technical Bulletin Number 1573.
Downes, J.A. and W.W. Wirth. 1981. Chapter 28: Ceratopogonidae. Pp. 393–421. In: McAlpine, J.F., B.V. Peterson, G.E. Shewell, H.J. Teskey, J.R. Vockeroth, and D.M. Wood. Manual of Nearctic Diptera, Volume 1. Agriculture Canada Monograph 27.
Hendry, George. Midges in Scotland 4th Edition, Mercat Press, Edinburgh, 2003 ISBN 1-84183-062-3
Mullen, G.R. and L.J. Hribar. 1988. Biology and feeding behavior of ceratopogonid larvae (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae) in North America. Bulletin of the Society for Vector Ecology 13: 60–81.
Wirth, W.W. and F.S. Blanton. 1974. The West Indian sandflies of the genus Culicoides (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae). United States Department of Agriculture Technical Bulletin Number 1474.
Wirth, W.W. and W.L. Grogan, Jr. 1988. The Predaceous Midges of the World (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae; Tribe Ceratopogonini). Flora and Fauna Handbook Number 4. E.J. Brill Publishers, Leiden. xv + 160 pp.
Wirth, W.W., N.C. Ratanaworabhan, and D.H. Messersmith. 1977. Natural history of Plummers Island, Maryland. XXII. Biting midges (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae). 1. Introduction and key to genera. Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington, 90(3): 615–647.

External links [edit]

British insects: the families of Diptera – Delta guides, Biodiversity and Biological Collections
Ceratopogonidae – AAFC, Government of Canada
The Ceratopogonidae – Inbio Site, Instituto Nacional de Biodiversidad
Ceratopogonid Web Page – Belmont University
Biting midges on the UF / IFAS Featured Creatures Web site

UpToDate Contents

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1. 昆虫咬傷 insect bites
2. ツツガムシ咬傷 chigger bites
3. ロア糸状虫症およびマンソネラ感染症 loiasis and mansonella infections
4. サシガメ（サシガメ属）による咬傷に対する反応 reactions to bites from kissing bugs triatoma
5. 授乳および離乳の一般的問題 common problems of breastfeeding and weaning

English Journal

Tibrogargan and Coastal Plains rhabdoviruses: genomic characterization, evolution of novel genes and seroprevalence in Australian livestock.

Gubala A, Davis S, Weir R, Melville L, Cowled C, Boyle D.SourceCommonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO) Livestock Industries, Australian Animal Health Laboratory, Geelong, Victoria, Australia.
The Journal of general virology.J Gen Virol.2011 Sep;92(Pt 9):2160-70. Epub 2011 May 18.
Tibrogargan virus (TIBV) and Coastal Plains virus (CPV) were isolated from cattle in Australia and TIBV has also been isolated from the biting midge Culicoides brevitarsis. Complete genomic sequencing revealed that the viruses share a novel genome structure within the family Rhabdoviridae, each viru
PMID 21593274

The susceptibility of Culicoides imicola and other South African livestock-associated Culicoides species to infection with bluetongue virus serotype 8.

Venter GJ, Wright IM, Del Rio R, Lucientes J, Miranda MA.SourceParasites, Vectors and Vector-Borne Diseases, Agricultural Research Council-Onderstepoort Veterinary Institute (ARC-OVI), Onderstepoort, South Africa Molecular Epidemiology and Diagnostics, ARC-OVI, Onderstepoort, South Africa Laboratory of Zoology and Emerging Diseases, UIB-IUNICS [Universidad de les Illes Balears-Institut Universitari d'Investigacio en Ciencies de la Salut (University of the Balearic Islands-University Institute of Health Sciences Research)], Palma de Mallorca, Spain Department of Animal Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Universidad de Zaragoza (University of Zaragoza) Zaragoza, Spain.
Medical and veterinary entomology.Med Vet Entomol.2011 Sep;25(3):320-326. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2915.2010.00931.x. Epub 2010 Dec 6.
In 2006, a strain of bluetongue virus serotype 8 (BTV-8) of sub-Saharan origin was responsible for the first outbreaks in recorded history of clinical bluetongue disease (BT) in northern Europe. In this study, we examine the oral susceptibility of Culicoides (Avaritia) imicola Kieffer (Diptera: Cera
PMID 21133962

Japanese Journal

ヌカカが媒介する家畜のアルボウイルス

梁瀬徹
衞生動物 60(3), 195-212, 2009-09-15
… Arboviruses transmitted by Culicoides biting midges cause domestic animal diseases such as congenital abnormalities and acute febrile illnesses in ruminants. …
NAID 110007388853

Corethrellidae,チスイケヨソイカ科(新称)について(Diptera:Corethrellidae)

宮城一郎,當間孝子,比嘉由紀子
衞生動物 59(4), 337-343, 2008-12-15
… "Chisuikeyosoika" (hairy biting midges) is a new Japanese name given to the family Corethrellidae Edwards elevated from Chaoboridae Edwards. … Medical entomologists in Japan are expected to pay more attention to the hairy biting midges. …
NAID 110007081442

「Ceratopogonidae」

Ceratopogonidae
	A female biting midge, Culicoides sonorensis
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Arthropoda
Class:	Insecta
Order:	Diptera
Suborder:	Nematocera
Infraorder:	Culicomorpha
Superfamily:	Chironomoidea
Family:	Ceratopogonidae
Subfamilies
	Forcipomyiinae; Dasyheleinae; Ceratopogoninae; Leptoconopinae

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ヌカカ科

カカ科

関: biting midge

「ヌカカ」

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英: biting midge
関: ヌカカ科

「biting」

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n.

かみつき

関: bite

リンク元	「Ceratopogonidae」「ヌカカ」
関連記事	「biting」

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案内

案内

biting midge