biological response modifier

生物学的応答調節物質 BRM

WordNet

1. a result; "this situation developed in response to events in Africa"
2. a phrase recited or sung by the congregation following a versicle by the priest or minister
3. the manner in which an electrical or mechanical device responds to an input signal or a range of input signals
4. a gene that modifies the effect produced by another gene (同)modifier_gene
5. a content word that qualifies the meaning of a noun or verb (同)qualifier
6. a moderator who makes less extreme or uncompromising
7. of parents and children; related by blood; "biological child"
8. pertaining to biology or to life and living things (同)biologic

PrepTutorEJDIC

1. 〈C〉(…に対する)『返事』,『返答』《+『to』+『名』》 / 〈C〉〈U〉(…に対する)『反応』,『反響』《『to』+『名』》 / 〈C〉応答歌,応唱(牧師にならって合唱隊・会衆が短い祈り・歌を応答すること)
2. 修飾語[句](形容詞・副詞など)

Wikipedia preview

出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2013/02/08 18:37:50」(JST)

wiki en

[Wiki en表示]

Biological response modifiers, also known as BRMs, are substances that the human body produces naturally, as well as something that scientists can create in a lab. These substances arouse the body's response to an infection. Some of these are used to treat arthritis, cancer, and some other diseases. Biologics include Monoclonal antibodies, Interleukin-2, Interferon, various types of colony-stimulating factors (CSF, GM-CSF, G-CSF)

"Immunotherapy makes use of BRMs to enhance the activity of the immune system to increase the body's natural defense mechanisms against cancer" whereas BRMs for rheumatoid arthritis aim to reduce inflammation.

Some of the effects of BRMs include nausea and vomiting, diarrhea, loss of appetite, fever and chills, muscle aches, weakness, skin rash, an increased tendency to bleed, or swelling.^{[citation needed]}

Abciximab

Mechanism of action: A monoclonal antibody that binds to the glycoprotein receptor IIb/IIIa on activated platelets, preventing aggregation. Clinical use: Acute coronary syndromes, percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty. Toxicity: Bleeding, thrombocytopenia.

Etanercept (Enbrel)

Mechanism of action: Recombinant form of human TNF receptor that binds TNF. Clinical use: Rheumatoid arthritis, psoriasis, ankylosing spondylitis.

Infliximab (Remicade)

Mechanism of action: A monoclonal antibody to TNF, proinflammatory cytokine. Clinical use: Crohn's disease, rheumatoid arthritis, ankylosing spondylitis. Toxicity: Respiratory infection, fever, hypotension. Predisposes to infections (reactivation of latent TB).

Rituximab (Rituxan)

Mechanism of action: A monoclonal antibody to CD20 surface immunoglobulin. Clinical use: Lymphoma

Trastuzumab (Herceptin)

Mechanism of action: A monoclonal antibody against HER2/neu (erb-B2). Helps kill breast cancer cells that overexpress HER-2, possibly through antibody-dependent cytotoxicity. Clinical use: Metastatic breast cancer. Toxicity: Cardiotoxicity.

Natural BRMs

Extracts from some medicinal mushrooms are natural biological response modifiers.

References

• Biological Response Modifier
• Deepak A. Rao; Le, Tao; Bhushan, Vikas. First Aid for the USMLE Step 1 2008 (First Aid for the Usmle Step 1). McGraw-Hill Medical. ISBN 0-07-149868-0.

UpToDate Contents

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• 1. 化学療法による脱毛 chemotherapy induced alopecia
• 2. 生物テロの犠牲者の身元確認および管理 identifying and managing casualties of biological terrorism
• 3. 全身治療および非外科的局所治療を受けている肝細胞癌患者における治療効果判定 assessment of tumor response in patients receiving systemic and nonsurgical locoregional treatment of hepatocellular cancer
• 4. 予防接種に対する免疫応答の評価 assessing the immunologic response to vaccination
• 5. HIV感染患者におけるC型肝炎ウイルス感染症の治療 treatment of hepatitis c virus infection in the hiv infected patient

English Journal

• Antibody repertoire development in fetal and neonatal piglets. XIV. Highly restricted IGKV gene usage parallels the pattern seen with IGLV and IGHV.

• Butler JE, Wertz N, Sun X.SourceDepartment of Microbiology, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA. john-butler@uiowa.edu
• Molecular immunology.Mol Immunol.2013 Oct;55(3-4):329-36. doi: 10.1016/j.molimm.2013.03.011. Epub 2013 Apr 23.
• Kappa transcripts from fetal piglets were compared to the recently reported kappa genome. Although five IGKV gene families are present in the genome, only IGKV1 and IGKV2 family genes are transcribed; the latter comprises >95% of the repertoire, in which two genes account for ~80%. We provisional
• PMID 23618164

• Stereo-selective binding of monoclonal antibodies to the poly-γ-D-glutamic acid capsular antigen of Bacillus anthracis.

• Hubbard MA, Thorkildson P, Welch WH, Kozel TR.SourceDepartment of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Nevada School of Medicine, Reno, NV 89557, USA.
• Molecular immunology.Mol Immunol.2013 Oct;55(3-4):337-44. doi: 10.1016/j.molimm.2013.03.010. Epub 2013 Apr 17.
• Bacillus anthracis is surrounded by an anti-phagocytic capsule that is entirely composed of γ-linked D-glutamic acid (γDPGA). γDPGA is required for virulence and is produced in large quantities following spore germination. We have previously described the isolation of several γDPGA-reactive mAbs
• PMID 23602451

• Asparagine-linked glycans determine the cytotoxic capacity of eosinophil cationic protein (ECP).

• Rubin J, Venge P.SourceDepartment of Medical Sciences, Clinical Chemistry, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden. jenny.rubin@medsci.uu.se
• Molecular immunology.Mol Immunol.2013 Oct;55(3-4):372-80. doi: 10.1016/j.molimm.2013.03.016. Epub 2013 Apr 15.
• Eosinophil cationic protein (ECP) is a toxic, granule-stored protein of the eosinophil granulocyte. It is a heterogeneous protein; molecular weights can differ from 15 to 22 kDa, due to glycosylations. We purified high molecular weight ECP from blood donors with the ECP434GG (rs2073342) genotype, wi
• PMID 23597768

Japanese Journal

• Development of Functional Foods

• Bioscience of Microbiota, Food and Health 33(3), 117-128, 2014
• NAID 130004562692

• ASYMMETRIC LEAVES2 and FASCIATA2 cooperatively regulate the formation of leaf adaxial-abaxial polarity in Arabidopsis thaliana

• Plant biotechnology 30(4), 411-415, 2013-09-25
• NAID 10031202063

• がん免疫療法

• 耳鼻咽喉科免疫アレルギー 31(4), 237-246, 2013
• NAID 130003387205

Related Links

• Biological response modifier | Define Biological response ...

biological response modifier noun Biochemistry, Pharmacology. a therapeutic substance that is produced naturally or synthesized as a drug to stimulate the body's immune defense against disease or infection. Abbreviation: BRM

• biological response modifier - definition of biological ...

biological response modifier n. A substance, such as interferon, that is produced naturally or manufactured as a drug designed to strengthen, direct, or restore the body's immune response against infection or cancer. biological ...

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★リンクテーブル★

リンク元	「immunomodulator」「生物学的応答調節物質」「immunologic factor」「immunological factor」「生体応答修飾物質」
拡張検索	「biological response modifiers」
関連記事	「biological」「modifier」「biologic」「response」「biological response」

「immunomodulator」

　　[★]

• 免疫調節物質、免疫調節薬、免疫調節剤

関

biological response modifier、immunologic factor、immunological factor、immunomodulatory agent

「生物学的応答調節物質」

　　[★]

英

biological response modifier、BRM

関

免疫調節物質、免疫性因子、免疫因子

「immunologic factor」

　　[★]

• 免疫性因子

関

biological response modifier、immunological factor、immunomodulator

「immunological factor」

　　[★]

• 免疫因子

関

biological response modifier、immunologic factor、immunomodulator

「生体応答修飾物質」

　　[★]

英

biological response modifier, BRM

「biological response modifiers」

　　[★] 生物学的応答調節物質 BRM

「biological」

　　[★]

• adj.

• 生物学的な、生物学の、生物学上の、生物の

関

biol、biologic、biologically、biology、biotic、flesh、organism

　 　

「modifier」

　　[★]

• n.

• 修飾因子、変更因子、(遺伝子;表現型に影響する因子)モディファイヤー

関

effect modifier、modifying factor、modulator

　 　 　 　

「biologic」

　　[★]

• adj.

• 生物学的な、生物学の、生物学上の、生物の

関

biol、biological、biologically、biology、biotic、flesh、organism

「response」

　　[★]

• n.

• 返答、応答
• 反応、感応、反響。(刺激に対する)反応

　 　 　 　

「biological response」

　　[★]

• 生物学的反応、生物学的応答