関: bile pigment、villin

WordNet

using or knowing two languages; "bilingual education"
a person who speaks two languages fluently (同)bilingualist
linear with respect to each of two variables or positions
a dictionary giving equivalent words in two languages
in a bilingual manner; "she grew up bilingually"

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2つの言語を話す,母国語と同じように外国語を話す / (書籍など)2か国語で表された(書かれた) / 2か国語を話せる人

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出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2015/07/19 20:11:18」(JST)

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1. 悪性肝腫瘍の病理 pathology of malignant liver tumors
2. 胆管癌の疫学、病因、および分類 epidemiology pathogenesis and classification of cholangiocarcinoma
3. 胆嚢嚢胞 biliary cysts

English Journal

Signaling function of heme oxygenase proteins.

Dennery PA.Author information Department of Pediatrics, University of Pennsylvania , Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.AbstractAbstract Significance: Many reports have underscored the importance of the heme degradation pathway that is regulated by heme oxygenase (HO). This reaction releases bile pigments and carbon monoxide (CO), which are important antioxidant and signaling molecules. Thus, the reaction of HO-1 would have significant cytoprotective effects. Nevertheless, the importance of this protein goes beyond its enzymatic action. New evidence outlines significant effects of inactive forms of the HO-1 protein. Recent Advances: In fact, the role of the HO protein in cellular signaling, including transcription factor activation, binding to proteins, phosphorylation, and modulation of protein function, among others, has started being elucidated. The mechanism by which the inducible form of HO-1, in particular, can migrate to various cellular compartments to mediate important signaling or how and why it binds to key transcription factors and other proteins that are important in DNA repair is also described in several physiologic systems. Critical Issues: The signaling functions of HO-1 may have particular relevance in clinical circumstances, including cancer, as redistribution of HO-1 into the nuclear compartment is observed with cancer progression and metastasis. In addition, along with oxidative stress, the pleiotropic functions of HO-1 modulate antioxidant defense. In organ transplantation, HO and its byproducts suppress rejection at multiple levels and in sepsis-induced pulmonary dysfunction, inhaled CO or modulation of HO activity can change the course of the disease in animals. Future Directions: It is hoped that a more detailed understanding of the various signaling functions of HO will guide therapeutic approaches for complex diseases. Antioxid. Redox Signal. 20, 1743-1753.
Antioxidants & redox signaling.Antioxid Redox Signal.2014 Apr 10;20(11):1743-53. doi: 10.1089/ars.2013.5674. Epub 2014 Feb 28.
Abstract Significance: Many reports have underscored the importance of the heme degradation pathway that is regulated by heme oxygenase (HO). This reaction releases bile pigments and carbon monoxide (CO), which are important antioxidant and signaling molecules. Thus, the reaction of HO-1 would have
PMID 24180238

Involvement of mammalian bilitranslocase-like protein(s) in chlorophyll catabolism of Pisum sativum L. tissues.

Peresson C1, Petrussa E, Filippi A, Tramer F, Passamonti S, Rajcevic U, Montanič S, Terdoslavich M, Curin Šerbec V, Vianello A, Braidot E.Author information 1Department of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, Section of Plant Biology, University of Udine, Via delle Scienze 91, 33100, Udine, Italy.AbstractPutative pea bilin and cyclic tetrapyrrole transporter proteins were identified by means of an antibody raised against a bilirubin-interacting aminoacidic sequence of mammalian bilitranslocase (TC No. 2.A.65.1.1). The immunochemical approach showed the presence of several proteins mostly in leaf microsomal, chloroplast and tonoplast vesicles. In these membrane fractions, electrogenic bromosulfalein transport activity was also monitored, being specifically inhibited by anti-bilitranslocase sequence antibody. Moreover, the inhibition of transport activity in pea leaf chloroplast vesicles, by both the synthetic cyclic tetrapyrrole chlorophyllin and the heme catabolite biliverdin, supports the involvement of some of these proteins in the transport of linear/cyclic tetrapyrroles during chlorophyll metabolism. Immunochemical localization in chloroplast sub-compartments revealed that these putative bilitranslocase-like transporters are restricted to the thylakoids only, suggesting their preferential implication in the uptake of cyclic tetrapyrrolic intermediates from the stroma during chlorophyll biosynthesis. Finally, the presence of a conserved bilin-binding sequence in different proteins (enzymes and transporters) from divergent species is discussed in an evolutionary context.
Journal of bioenergetics and biomembranes.J Bioenerg Biomembr.2014 Apr;46(2):109-17. doi: 10.1007/s10863-014-9539-y. Epub 2014 Feb 9.
Putative pea bilin and cyclic tetrapyrrole transporter proteins were identified by means of an antibody raised against a bilirubin-interacting aminoacidic sequence of mammalian bilitranslocase (TC No. 2.A.65.1.1). The immunochemical approach showed the presence of several proteins mostly in leaf mic
PMID 24510308

Structure of a novel farnesylated bilin from insect: formation by α-cleavage of heme A of mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidases?

Kayser H1, Wray V, Nimtz M.Author information 1Institut für Allgemeine Zoologie und Endokrinologie, Universität Ulm, Helmholtzstrasse 8/1, 89081, Ulm, Germany.AbstractBiliproteins are present in almost all forms of life with many of them playing vital roles in photobiology. The bilin ligand of a recently characterised 500 kDa-biliprotein from an insect has been isolated and its structure elucidated employing chemical and spectroscopic techniques (UV-VIS, IR, MS, NMR, CD). This blue pigment, named CV-bilin, represents a unique high-molecular weight derivative of biliverdin IXα with unusual 10E configuration and a molecular mass of 852 corresponding to C48 H60 N4 O10 . The high mass of this open-chain tetrapyrrole is due to the presence of an epoxi-dihydroxyethylfarnesyl substituent at C-18 and a hydroxymethyl substituent at C-13. This substitution pattern exactly reflects that of heme A of mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidases with a hydroxyethylfarnesyl chain and a formyl group at corresponding positions of the cyclic tetrapyrrole. Since no other natural product is known to show these structural features (heme O, the precursor of heme A, has a methyl group at C-13) this bilin is presumed to be derived from heme A by cleavage of the α-methine bridge and oxidative modifications at C-13 and the hydroxyethylfarnesyl chain. Possibly, a bilin structurally related to this insect bilin is produced also in other organisms as a result of mitochondrial turnover or degradation. Since CV-bilin in complex with a specific protein is accumulated at the end of the larval life, stored in the pupa and finally transferred to the oocytes, a possible role of the free or protein-bound pigment in egg or embryonic development is discussed. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
The FEBS journal.FEBS J.2014 Mar 22. doi: 10.1111/febs.12789. [Epub ahead of print]
Biliproteins are present in almost all forms of life with many of them playing vital roles in photobiology. The bilin ligand of a recently characterised 500 kDa-biliprotein from an insect has been isolated and its structure elucidated employing chemical and spectroscopic techniques (UV-VIS, IR, MS,
PMID 24655573

Japanese Journal

SYNTHESES OF BILIN CHROMOPHORES TOWARD THE INVESTIGATION OF STRUCTURE AND FUNCTION OF PHYTOCHROMES

Inomata Katsuhiko
Heterocycles : an international journal for reviews and communications in heterocyclic chemistry 85(12), 2879-2926, 2012-12-01
NAID 40019500515

Syntheses of bilin chromophores toward the investigation of structure and function of phytochromes

Inomata Katsuhiko
Heterocycles 85(12), 2879-2926, 2012-00-00
… We studied on the syntheses of linear tetrapyrrole (bilin) chromophores including the sterically locked derivatives toward the investigation of structure and function of phytochromes as photoreceptors. …
NAID 120005223458

肝内胆管癌の腫瘍分類―最近の展開，新たな提案を踏まえて―

中沼安二
日本消化器病学会雑誌 109(11), 1865-1871, 2012
… 内小型胆管，特に細胆管～ヘリング管が関与し，肝門型ICCは，肝門部胆管癌との鑑別が問題となる．ICCのほとんどは腺癌で，末梢型ICCは，肝前駆細胞の形質発現がみられ，肝門型ICCは，膵管癌に類似した形質を示す．肝門型の前癌・早期癌病変として，平坦型の胆管上皮内腫瘍（BilIN）と乳頭型の胆管内乳頭状腫瘍（IPNB）が提案された．肝の嚢胞性腫瘍は，肝粘液性嚢胞性腫瘍（MCN）と嚢胞拡張型IPNBに分類される． …
NAID 130001909427