WordNet

strike with horror or terror; "The news of the bombing shocked her"
(pathology) bodily collapse or near collapse caused by inadequate oxygen delivery to the cells; characterized by reduced cardiac output and rapid heartbeat and circulatory insufficiency and pallor; "loss of blood is an important cause of shock"
subject to electrical shocks
the violent interaction of individuals or groups entering into combat; "the armies met in the shock of battle" (同)impact
an unpleasant or disappointing surprise; "it came as a shock to learn that he was injured" (同)blow
an instance of agitation of the earths crust; "the first shock of the earthquake came shortly after noon while workers were at lunch" (同)seismic disturbance
a bushy thick mass (especially hair); "he had an unruly shock of black hair"
a pile of sheaves of grain set on end in a field to dry; stalks of Indian corn set up in a field; "corn is bound in small sheaves and several sheaves are set up together in shocks"; "whole fields of wheat in shock"
surprise greatly; knock someones socks off; "I was floored when I heard that I was promoted" (同)floor, ball over, blow out of the water, take aback
strike with disgust or revulsion; "The scandalous behavior of this married woman shocked her friends" (同)offend, scandalize, scandalise, appal, appall, outrage
collect or gather into shocks; "shock grain"
collide violently
(microbiology) single-celled or noncellular spherical or spiral or rod-shaped organisms lacking chlorophyll that reproduce by fission; important as pathogens and for biochemical properties; taxonomy is difficult; often considered to be plants (同)bacterium
relating to or caused by bacteria; "bacterial infection"

PrepTutorEJDIC

〈C〉(衝突・爆発などの)『衝撃』,(地震の)震動,電撃 / 〈C〉〈U〉(精神的)『打撃』,ショック / 〈U〉ショック症 / 《しばしば受動態で》〈人〉‘を'『ぎょっとさせる』,ひどく驚かせる / (治療のため)〈人・動物〉‘に'電気ショクを与える
(乾燥させるために立てかけた)穀類の刈り束 / 〈穀類〉‘を'刈り束にする
(髪の毛の)もじゃもじゃの固まり《+『of』+『名』》
『バクテリア』,細菌
バクテリアの,細菌の
びっくりさせる,ぞっとする / 全くひどい(very bad),不愉快な(offensive)

UpToDate Contents

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1. ブドウ球菌性毒素性ショック症候群 staphylococcal toxic shock syndrome
2. 連鎖球菌性毒素性ショック症候群の疫学、臨床症状、および診断 epidemiology clinical manifestations and diagnosis of streptococcal toxic shock syndrome
3. 敗血症性ショック：小児における迅速な覚知および初期蘇生 septic shock rapid recognition and initial resuscitation in children
4. 小児における全身性炎症反応症候群（SIRS）および敗血症：定義、疫学、臨床症状、および診断 systemic inflammatory response syndrome sirs and sepsis in children definitions epidemiology clinical manifestations and diagnosis
5. 成人における特発性細菌性腹膜炎：治療および予防 spontaneous bacterial peritonitis in adults treatment and prophylaxis

English Journal

Immunotoxicity of surface waters contaminated by municipal effluents to the snail Lymnaea stagnalis.

Gust M, Fortier M, Garric J, Fournier M, Gagné F.SourceIRSTEA, UR MAEP, Laboratoire d'écotoxicologie, 3bis quai Chauveau, 69009 Lyon, France; Emerging Methods Section, Aquatic Contaminants Research Division, Science and Technology, Environment Canada, 105 McGill St., Montreal, Quebec H2Y 2E7, Canada. Electronic address: marion.gust@irstea.fr.
Aquatic toxicology (Amsterdam, Netherlands).Aquat Toxicol.2013 Jan 15;126:393-403. doi: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2012.09.001. Epub 2012 Sep 13.
The immunotoxic effects of surface waters contaminated by a municipal effluent dispersion plume were examined in the snail Lymnaea stagnalis. Snails were exposed to surface waters where changes in hemocyte counts, viability, levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS), reduced thiols and phagocytic acti
PMID 23021492

Eukaryotic elongation factor 2 controls TNF-α translation in LPS-induced hepatitis.

González-Terán B, Cortés JR, Manieri E, Matesanz N, Verdugo A, Rodríguez ME, González-Rodríguez A, Valverde A, Martín P, Davis RJ, Sabio G.AbstractBacterial LPS (endotoxin) has been implicated in the pathogenesis of acute liver disease through its induction of the proinflammatory cytokine TNF-α. TNF-α is a key determinant of the outcome in a well-established mouse model of acute liver failure during septic shock. One possible mechanism for regulating TNF-α expression is through the control of protein elongation during translation, which would allow rapid cell adaptation to physiological changes. However, the regulation of translational elongation is poorly understood. We found that expression of p38γ/δ MAPK proteins is required for the elongation of nascent TNF-α protein in macrophages. The MKK3/6-p38γ/δ pathway mediated an inhibitory phosphorylation of eukaryotic elongation factor 2 (eEF2) kinase, which in turn promoted eEF2 activation (dephosphorylation) and subsequent TNF-α elongation. These results identify a new signaling pathway that regulates TNF-α production in LPS-induced liver damage and suggest potential cell-specific therapeutic targets for liver diseases in which TNF-α production is involved.
The Journal of clinical investigation.J Clin Invest.2013 Jan 2;123(1):164-78. doi: 10.1172/JCI65124. Epub 2012 Dec 3.
Bacterial LPS (endotoxin) has been implicated in the pathogenesis of acute liver disease through its induction of the proinflammatory cytokine TNF-α. TNF-α is a key determinant of the outcome in a well-established mouse model of acute liver failure during septic shock. One possible mechanism for r
PMID 23202732

Japanese Journal

新型インフルエンザウイルス（A/H1N1）感染後にARDSを来たした1例

谷口暁,宮原信明,中原淳,高田三郎,佐久川亮,長野修,谷本安,金廣有彦,木浦勝行,氏家良人,谷本光音
岡山医学会雑誌 123(3), 221-225, 2011-12-01
… Oseltamivir was started, and antibiotics were also given because of the possibility of secondary bacterial infection. … Due to respiratory failure and low blood pressure, which suggested septic shock, intensive treatments including mechanical ventilation were performed. …
NAID 120003659851