オートラジオグラフィー ARG
WordNet
- producing a radiograph by means of the radiation emitted from the specimen being photographed
- of or relating to or produced by autoradiography
- a radiogram produced by radiation emitted by the specimen being photographed
Wikipedia preview
出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア(Wikipedia)』「2016/03/05 06:29:49」(JST)
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Autoradiography of a coronal brain slice, taken from an embryonal rat. GAD67-binding marker is highly expressed in the subventricular zone.
An autoradiograph is an image on an x-ray film or nuclear emulsion produced by the pattern of decay emissions (e.g., beta particles or gamma rays) from a distribution of a radioactive substance. Alternatively, the autoradiograph is also available as a digital image (digital autoradiography), due to the recent development of scintillation gas detectors[1] or rare earth phosphorimaging systems.[2] The film or emulsion is apposed to the labeled tissue section to obtain the autoradiograph (also called an autoradiogram). The auto- prefix indicates that the radioactive substance is within the sample, as distinguished from the case of historadiography or microradiography, in which the sample is X-rayed using an external source. Some autoradiographs can be examined microscopically for localization of silver grains (such as on the interiors or exteriors of cells or organelles) in which the process is termed micro-autoradiography. For example, micro-autoradiography was used to examine whether atrazine was being metabolized by the hornwort plant or by epiphytic microorganisms in the biofilm layer surrounding the plant.[3]
Applications
In biology, this technique may be used to determine the tissue (or cell) localization of a radioactive substance, either introduced into a metabolic pathway, bound to a receptor[4][5] or enzyme, or hybridized to a nucleic acid.[6]
The use of radiolabeled ligands to determine the tissue distributions of receptors is termed either in vivo or in vitro receptor autoradiography if the ligand is administered into the circulation (with subsequent tissue removal and sectioning) or applied to the tissue sections, respectively. The ligands are generally labeled with 3H (tritium) or 125I (radioiodine). The distribution of RNA transcripts in tissue sections by the use of radiolabeled, complementary oligonucleotides or ribonucleic acids ("riboprobes") is called in situ hybridization histochemistry. Radioactive precursors of DNA and RNA, [3H]-thymidine and [3H]-uridine respectively, may be introduced to living cells to determine the timing of several phases of the cell cycle. RNA or DNA viral sequences can also be located in this fashion. These probes are usually labeled with 32P, 33P, or 35S. In the realm of behavioral endocrinology, autoradiography can be used to determine hormonal uptake and indicate receptor location; an animal can be injected with a radiolabeled hormone, or the study can be conducted in vitro.
This autoradiographic approach contrasts to techniques such as PET and SPECT where the exact 3-dimensional localization of the radiation source is provided by careful use of coincidence counting, gamma counters and other devices.
Krypton-85 is used to inspect aircraft components for small defects. Krypton-85 is allowed to penetrate small cracks, and then its presence is detected by autoradiography. The method is called "krypton gas penetrant imaging". The gas penetrates smaller openings than the liquids used in dye penetrant inspection and fluorescent penetrant inspection.[7]
References
- ^ Barthe N, Coulon P, Hennion C, Ducassou D, Basse-Cathalinat B, Charpak G (May 1999). "Optimization of a new scintillation gas detector used to localize electrons emitted by 99mTc". J Nucl Med. 40 (5): 868–75. PMID 10319763.
- ^ Encyclopedia of Life Sciences: Phosphorimager
- ^ Rupassara, S. I., R.A. Larson, G.K. Sims, and K.A. Marley. 2002 Degradation of atrazine by hornwort in aquatic systems. Bioremediation Journal 6(3): 217-224.
- ^ Kuhar M, Yamamura HI (Jul 1976). "Localization of cholinergic muscarinic receptors in rat brain by light microscopic radioautography". Brain Res. 110 (2): 229–43. doi:10.1016/0006-8993(76)90399-1. PMID 938940.
- ^ Young WS, Kuhar MJ (Dec 1979). "A new method for receptor autoradiography: [3H]opioid receptors in rat brain". Brain Res. 179 (2): 255–70. doi:10.1016/0006-8993(79)90442-6. PMID 228806.
- ^ Jin L, Lloyd RV (1997). "In situ hybridization: methods and applications". J Clin Lab Anal. 11 (1): 2–9. doi:10.1002/(SICI)1098-2825(1997)11:1<2::AID-JCLA2>3.0.CO;2-F. PMID 9021518.
- ^ Krypton Gas Penetrant Imaging - A Valuable Tool for Ensuring Structural Integrity in Aircraft Engine Components
Further reading
- Rogers, Andrew W (1979). Techniques of Autoradiography (3rd ed.). New York: Elsevier North Holland. ISBN 0-444-80063-8.
UpToDate Contents
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English Journal
- Neurobehavioral assessment of maternal odor in developing rat pups: implications for social buffering.
- Al Aïn S1,2, Perry RE1,2,3, Nuñez B1, Kayser K1, Hochman C2, Brehman E2, LaComb M1,2, Wilson DA1,2, Sullivan RM1,2.
- Social neuroscience.Soc Neurosci.2017 Feb;12(1):32-49. Epub 2016 Mar 22.
- Social support can attenuate the behavioral and stress hormone response to threat, a phenomenon called social buffering. The mother's social buffering of the infant is one of the more robust examples; yet we understand little about the neurobiology. Using a rodent model, we explore the neurobiology
- PMID 26934130
- Tau imaging with [18 F]THK-5351 in progressive supranuclear palsy.
- Ishiki A1, Harada R2, Okamura N3,4, Tomita N1, Rowe CC5, Villemagne VL5,6, Yanai K3, Kudo Y2, Arai H1, Furumoto S7, Tashiro M8, Furukawa K1,9.
- European journal of neurology.Eur J Neurol.2017 Jan;24(1):130-136. doi: 10.1111/ene.13164. Epub 2016 Oct 31.
- BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Visualization of pathogenic protein aggregates is crucial to elucidate pathomechanisms and to make an accurate diagnosis in many neurodegenerative conditions. Aggregates of the microtubule-binding protein, tau, are one of the most important pathogenic molecules in neurodegene
- PMID 27797445
- Development of fluorine-18 labeled peptidic PET tracers for imaging active tissue transglutaminase.
- van der Wildt B1, Wilhelmus MM2, Kooijman EJ3, Jongenelen CA2, Schuit RC3, Büchold C4, Pasternack R4, Lammertsma AA3, Drukarch B2, Windhorst AD3.
- Nuclear medicine and biology.Nucl Med Biol.2017 Jan;44:90-104. doi: 10.1016/j.nucmedbio.2016.10.002. Epub 2016 Oct 18.
- INTRODUCTION: The protein-protein crosslinking activity of the enzyme tissue transglutaminase (TG2; EC 2.3.2.13) is associated with the pathogenesis of various diseases, including celiac disease, lung-, liver- and kidney fibrosis, cancer and neurodegenerative diseases. This study aims at developing
- PMID 27837727
Japanese Journal
- コリメータ開口補正OSEM再構成法の局所脳血流量定量への応用
- 岡田 真美,林万 寿夫,辻 久志,赤木 弘之,岡山 勝良,鳴海 善文
- 日本放射線技術學會雜誌 68(5), 573-583, 2012-05-20
- NAID 10030431257
- オートラジオグラフィーを用いた福島第一原子力発電所起源の放射性降下物の局所的な分布解析
- 坂本 文徳,大貫 敏彦,香西 直文,五十嵐 翔祐,山崎 信哉,吉田 善行,田中 俊一
- 日本原子力学会和文論文誌 = Transactions of the Atomic Energy Society of Japan 11(1), 1-7, 2012-03-01
- NAID 10030136505
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- AutoRadioGraphy,フォトジャーナリスト森住卓のブログです。掲載している写真・文の著作権は森住卓に属します。無断使用は禁じます。 ... 森住卓のフォトブログ フォトジャーナリスト森住卓のブログです。掲載している写真・文の著作権 ...
- autoradiography [ ȯd·ō‚rād·ē′äg·rə·fē] (engineering) A technique for detecting radioactivity in a specimen by producing an image on a photographic film or plate. Also known as radioautography. Autoradiography A photographic ...
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- autoradiography ARG
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- ラジオオートグラフィ radioautography、オートラジオグラフ、オートラジオグラフィ
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- autoradiograph、autoradiography
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- autoradiographic