WordNet

of or relating to or produced by autoradiography
producing a radiograph by means of the radiation emitted from the specimen being photographed
a radiogram produced by radiation emitted by the specimen being photographed

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出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2013/10/15 23:36:41」(JST)

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Autoradiography of a coronal brain slice, taken from an embryonal rat. GAD67-binding marker is highly expressed in the subventricular zone.

An autoradiograph is an image on an x-ray film or nuclear emulsion produced by the pattern of decay emissions (e.g., beta particles or gamma rays) from a distribution of a radioactive substance. Alternatively, the autoradiograph is also available as a digital image (digital autoradiography), due to the recent development of scintillation gas detectors^[1] or rare earth phosphorimaging systems.^[2] In biology, this technique may be used to determine the tissue localization of a radioactive substance, either introduced into a metabolic pathway, bound to a receptor^[3]^[4] or enzyme, or hybridized to a nucleic acid.^[5] The film or emulsion is apposed to the labeled tissue section to obtain the autoradiograph (also called an autoradiogram). The auto- prefix indicates that the radioactive substance is within the sample, as distinguished from the case of historadiography or microradiography, in which the sample is X-rayed using an external source.

The use of radiolabeled ligands to determine the tissue distributions of receptors is termed either in vivo or in vitro receptor autoradiography if the ligand is administered into the circulation (with subsequent tissue removal and sectioning) or applied to the tissue sections, respectively. The ligands are generally labeled with ³H (tritium) or ¹²⁵I. The distribution of RNA transcripts in tissue sections by the use of radiolabeled, complementary oligonucleotides or ribonucleic acids ("riboprobes") is called in situ hybridization histochemistry. Radioactive precursors of DNA and RNA, ³H (thymidine) and ³ (uridine) respectively, may be introduced to living cells to determine the timing of several phases of the cell cycle. RNA or DNA viral sequences can also be located in this fashion. These probes are usually labeled with ³²P, ³³P, or ³⁵S.

This autoradiographic approach contrasts to techniques such as PET and SPECT where the exact 3-dimensional localization of the radiation source is provided by careful use of coincidence counting, gamma counters and other devices.

Krypton-85 is used to inspect aircraft components for small defects. Krypton-85 is allowed to penetrate small cracks, and then its presence is detected by autoradiography. The method is called "krypton gas penetrant imaging". The gas penetrates smaller openings than the liquids used in dye penetrant inspection and fluorescent penetrant inspection.^[6]

References[edit]

^ Barthe N, Coulon P, Hennion C, Ducassou D, Basse-Cathalinat B, Charpak G (May 1999). "Optimization of a new scintillation gas detector used to localize electrons emitted by 99mTc". J Nucl Med. 40 (5): 868–75. PMID 10319763.
^ Encyclopedia of Life Sciences: Phosphorimager
^ Kuhar M, Yamamura HI (Jul 1976). "Localization of cholinergic muscarinic receptors in rat brain by light microscopic radioautography". Brain Res. 110 (2): 229–43. doi:10.1016/0006-8993(76)90399-1. PMID 938940.
^ Young WS, Kuhar MJ (Dec 1979). "A new method for receptor autoradiography: [3H]opioid receptors in rat brain". Brain Res. 179 (2): 255–70. doi:10.1016/0006-8993(79)90442-6. PMID 228806.
^ Jin L, Lloyd RV (1997). "In situ hybridization: methods and applications". J Clin Lab Anal. 11 (1): 2–9. doi:10.1002/(SICI)1098-2825(1997)11:1<2::AID-JCLA2>3.0.CO;2-F. PMID 9021518.
^ Krypton Gas Penetrant Imaging - A Valuable Tool for Ensuring Structural Integrity in Aircraft Engine Components

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English Journal

Imaging of reactive oxygen species using [(3)H]hydromethidine in mice with cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity.

Takai N1, Abe K, Tonomura M, Imamoto N, Fukumoto K, Ito M, Momosaki S, Fujisawa K, Morimoto K, Takasu N, Inoue O.
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BACKGROUND: Reactive oxygen species (ROS) have been implicated in cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity. The aim of this study was to investigate the potential of using [(3)H]-labeled N-methyl-2,3-diamino-6-phenyl-dihydrophenanthridine ([(3)H]hydromethidine) for ex vivo imaging of regional ROS overproduc
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An early post-traumatic reaction of lymph-heart striated muscle fibers in adult frog Rana temporaria during the first postoperative week: An electron microscopic and autoradiographic study.

Krylova MI1, Bogolyubov DS1.
Journal of morphology.J Morphol.2015 Sep 9. doi: 10.1002/jmor.20476. [Epub ahead of print]
According to the current opinion, lymph-heart striated muscle represents a specialized type of skeletal muscles in frogs. Here, we studied muscle fibers in mechanically damaged lymph hearts during the first postoperative week using electron-microscopic autoradiography. We present evidence that both,
PMID 26352460

Validating novel tau PET tracer [F-18]-AV-1451 (T807) on postmortem brain tissue.

Marquie M1,2,3, Normandin MD4, Vanderburg CR1,2,5, Costantino I1,2, Bien EA1,2,5, Rycyna LG1,2,5, Klunk WE6, Mathis CA7, Ikonomovic MD8,9, Debnath ML6, Vasdev N4, Dickerson BC2, Gomperts SN1,2, Growdon JH2, Johnson KA2, Frosch MP1,2,10, Hyman BT1,2,5, Gomez-Isla T1,2.
Annals of neurology.Ann Neurol.2015 Sep 7. doi: 10.1002/ana.24517. [Epub ahead of print]
OBJECTIVE: To examine region and substrate-specific autoradiographic and in vitro binding patterns of PET tracer [F-18]-AV-1451 (previously known as T807), tailored to allow in vivo detection of paired helical filament tau-containing lesions, and to determine whether there is off-target binding to o
PMID 26344059

Japanese Journal

Rapid detection of hypoxia-inducible factor-1-active tumours: pretargeted imaging with a protein degrading in a mechanism similar to hypoxia-inducible factor-1alpha

Ueda Masashi,Kudo Takashi,Kuge Yuji,Mukai Takahiro,Tanaka Shotaro,Konishi Hiroaki,Miyano Azusa,Ono Masahiro,Kizaka-Kondoh Shinae,Hiraoka Masahiro,Saji Hideo
European journal of nuclear medicine and molecular imaging 37(8), 1566-1574, 2010-08
… The same sections that were used in autoradiographic analysis were subjected to HIF-1alpha immunohistochemistry. …
NAID 120002511114

Evaluation of utility of asymmetric index for count-based oxygen extraction fraction on dual-tracer autoradiographic method for chronic unilateral brain infarction

IWANISHI Katsuhiro,WATABE Hiroshi,FUJISAKI Hiroshi,HAYASHI Takuya,MIYAKE Yoshinori,MINATO Kotaro,NAGANUMA Masaki,UEHARA Toshiyuki,YOKOTA Chiaki,MORIWAKI Hiroshi,KAJIMOTO Katsufumi,FUKUSHIMA Kazuhito,MINEMATSU Kazuo,IIDA Hidehiro
Annals of nuclear medicine 23(6), 533-539, 2009-08-01
NAID 10026390230