atypical bacteria

非定型菌

WordNet

1. not representative of a group, class, or type; "a group that is atypical of the target audience"; "a class of atypical mosses"; "atypical behavior is not the accepted type of response that we expect from children" (同)untypical
2. deviating from normal expectations; somewhat odd, strange, or abnormal; "these days large families are atypical"; "atypical clinical findings"; "atypical pneumonia"; "highly irregular behavior" (同)irregular
3. (microbiology) single-celled or noncellular spherical or spiral or rod-shaped organisms lacking chlorophyll that reproduce by fission; important as pathogens and for biochemical properties; taxonomy is difficult; often considered to be plants (同)bacterium

PrepTutorEJDIC

1. 型にはまらない,異常な
2. 『バクテリア』,細菌

Wikipedia preview

出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2015/08/20 22:58:45」(JST)

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Atypical bacteria are bacteria that do not color with gram-staining, but remain colorless: they are neither Gram-positive nor Gram-negative. These include the Chlamydiaceae and the Mycoplasmataceae (including mycoplasma and ureaplasma); the Rickettsiaceae are also often considered atypical.

Gram-positive bacteria have a thick peptidoglycan layer in their cell wall, which retains the crystal violet during Gram staining, resulting in a purple color. Gram-negative bacteria have a thin peptidoglycan layer which does not retain the crystal violet, so when safranin is added during the process, they stain red.

The Chlamydiaceae and Mycoplasmataceae lack a peptidoglycan layer so do not retain crystal violet or safranin, resulting in no color. Ricketsiaceae are technically Gram-negative, but are too small to stain well, so are often considered atypical.

Peptidoglycans are the site of action of beta-lactam antibiotics such as penicillins and cephalosporins, so chlamydia and mycoplasma are naturally resistant to these drugs, which in this sense also makes them “atypical” in the treatment of their infections. Macrolides such as erythromycin however, are usually effective.

Finally, some of these bacteria can cause a specific type of pneumonia referred to as atypical pneumonia. That is not to say that atypical pneumonia is strictly caused by atypical bacteria, for this disease can also have a fungal, protozoan or viral cause.

See also

• Gram-negative bacteria
• Gram-positive bacteria

UpToDate Contents

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• 1. 成人における市中肺炎の疫学、病因、および微生物学 epidemiology pathogenesis and microbiology of community acquired pneumonia in adults
• 2. 細菌検査室におけるグラム染色および培養結果に対するアプローチ approach to gram stain and culture results in the microbiology laboratory
• 3. 成人における肺炎マイコプラズマ感染症 mycoplasma pneumoniae infection in adults
• 4. 小児における市中肺炎：外来治療 community acquired pneumonia in children outpatient treatment
• 5. Approach to the patient with a leg ulcer

English Journal

• ATP synthase in mycobacteria: Special features and implications for a function as drug target.

• Lu P1, Lill H1, Bald D2.
• Biochimica et biophysica acta.Biochim Biophys Acta.2014 Jul;1837(7):1208-1218. doi: 10.1016/j.bbabio.2014.01.022. Epub 2014 Feb 7.
• ATP synthase is a ubiquitous enzyme that is largely conserved across the kingdoms of life. This conservation is in accordance with its central role in chemiosmotic energy conversion, a pathway utilized by far by most living cells. On the other hand, in particular pathogenic bacteria whilst employing
• PMID 24513197

• Atypical plasma lipid profile in cancer patients: Cause or consequence?

• Munir R1, Usman H1, Hasnain S1, Smans K2, Kalbacher H3, Zaidi N4.
• Biochimie.Biochimie.2014 Jul;102:9-18. doi: 10.1016/j.biochi.2014.03.010. Epub 2014 Apr 2.
• The aberrant blood lipoprotein levels in cancer patients are reported to be associated with cancer risk and mortality incidents however, there are several discrepancies in the previous reports. Hence the clinical usefulness of plasma/serum levels in risk stratification of a variety of cancers remain
• PMID 24704108

• A novel Toll like receptor with two TIR domains (HcToll-2) is involved in regulation of antimicrobial peptide gene expression of Hyriopsis cumingii.

• Ren Q1, Lan JF2, Zhong X3, Song XJ4, Ma F4, Hui KM4, Wang W4, Yu XQ5, Wang JX6.
• Developmental and comparative immunology.Dev Comp Immunol.2014 Jul;45(1):198-208. doi: 10.1016/j.dci.2014.02.020. Epub 2014 Mar 12.
• Animal Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are involved in innate immunity. Toll proteins are generally transmembrane proteins. In this study, an atypical Toll-like receptor (HcToll-2) was identified from the triangle-shell pearl mussel Hyriopsis cumingii, which belongs to phylum Mollusca. Unlike the typical
• PMID 24631579

Japanese Journal

• A 10-year clinical study on osteomyelitis of the jaws

• Journal of Osaka Dental University 49(2), 197-204, 2015-10
• NAID 110010000476

• Pneumonia in Vietnamese Children Aged 1 to 15 years Due to Atypical Pneumonia Causative Bacteria: Hospital-Based Microbiological and Epidemiological Characteristics

• Japanese Journal of Infectious Diseases advpub(0), 2015
• NAID 130005108466

• 多関節に画像上一部気体像を有する嚢胞性腫瘤を認め，化膿性関節炎/感染性滑液包炎との鑑別を要した Calcium pyrophosphate dihydrate 結晶沈着症の1例

• 痛風と核酸代謝 38(1), 13-21, 2014
• NAID 130004680217

Related Links

• Atypical Bacteria » Pathogen Profile Dictionary

This webpage has been designed to provide readers a concise overview of some of the key characteristics associated with pathogens that are specifically known to cause human infection. ... Atypical Bacteria In this section, we will ...

• Free Atypical Bacteria and Acid Fast Microbiology Notes

Atypical Bacteria A brief summary about the typical characteristics of bacteria: cell wall (containing peptidoglycan) cell membrane no nuclear membrane reproduce by cell fission susceptible to antibiotics, but not ...

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★リンクテーブル★

リンク元	「非定型菌」
関連記事	「atypical」

「非定型菌」

　　[★]

英

atypical bacteria, non-ypical bacteria?

「atypical」

　　[★]

• adj.

• 非定型の, 非定型的な, 非定型性の, 異型の

関

atypia、atypically、atypism、meta、nonclassic、off-type、variant