ヒ酸

関: arsenate

WordNet

a salt or ester of arsenic acid
street name for lysergic acid diethylamide (同)back breaker, battery-acid, dose, dot, Elvis, loony toons, Lucy in the sky with diamonds, pane, superman, window pane, Zen
any of various water-soluble compounds having a sour taste and capable of turning litmus red and reacting with a base to form a salt
having the characteristics of an acid; "an acid reaction"
a white powdered poisonous trioxide of arsenic; used in manufacturing glass and as a pesticide (rat poison) and weed killer (同)arsenic_trioxide, arsenous anhydride, arsenous oxide, white arsenic, ratsbane
a very poisonous metallic element that has three allotropic forms; arsenic and arsenic compounds are used as herbicides and insecticides and various alloys; found in arsenopyrite and orpiment and realgar (同)As, atomic number 33

PrepTutorEJDIC

ヒ酸塩
酸性の / 酸味のある,すっぱい(sour) / (言葉・態度などが)厳しい,しんらつな / 酸 / すっぱいもの / 《俗》=LSD
ヒ素(化学記号は『As』);《俗に》亜ヒ酸 / ヒ素の,ヒ素を含む

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出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2016/06/24 23:46:06」(JST)

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Arsenic acid is the chemical compound with the formula H₃AsO₄. More descriptively written as AsO(OH)₃, this colorless acid is the arsenic analogue of phosphoric acid. Arsenate and phosphate salts behave very similarly. Arsenic acid as such has not been isolated, but only found in solution where it is largely ionized. Its hemihydrate form (H₃AsO₄·½H₂O) does form stable crystals. Crystalline samples dehydrate with condensation at 100 °C.^[1]

Properties

It is a tetrahedral species of idealized symmetry C_3v with As–O bonds lengths ranging from 1.66 to 1.71 Å.^[2]

Being a triprotic acid, its acidity is described by three equilibria:

H₃AsO₄ + H₂O ⇌ H₂AsO−
4 + H₃O⁺ (K₁ = 10^−2.19)

H₂AsO−
4 + H₂O ⇌ HAsO2−
4 + H₃O⁺ (K₂ = 10^−6.94)

HAsO2−
4 + H₂O ⇌ AsO3−
4 + H₃O⁺ (K₃ = 10^−11.5)

These K_a values are close to those for phosphoric acid. The highly basic arsenate ion (AsO3−
4) is the product of the third ionization. Unlike phosphoric acid, arsenic acid is an oxidizer, illustrated by its ability to convert iodide to iodine.

Preparation

Arsenic acid is prepared by treating arsenic trioxide with concentrated nitric acid and dinitrogen trioxide is produced as a by-product.^[3]

As₂O₃ + 2 HNO₃ + 2 H₂O → 2 H₃AsO₄ + N₂O₃

The resulting solution is cooled to give colourless crystals of the hemihydrate H₃AsO₄·½H₂O, although the dihydrate H₃AsO₄·2H₂O is produced when crystallisation occurs at lower temperatures.^[3]

Other methods

Arsenic acid is slowly formed when arsenic pentoxide is dissolved in water, and when meta- or pyroarsenic acid is treated with cold water. Arsenic acid can also be prepared directly from elemental arsenic by moistening it and treating with ozone.

2 As + 3 H₂O + 5 O₃ → 2 H₃AsO₄ + 5 O₂

Applications

Commercial applications of arsenic acid are limited by its toxicity. It has found occasional use as a wood preservative, broad-spectrum biocide, a finishing agent for glass and metal, and a reagent in the synthesis of some dyestuffs and organic arsenic compounds. The LD₅₀ in rabbits is 6 mg/kg (0.006 g/kg).^[4]

References

^ Holleman, A. F.; Wiberg, E. (2001). Inorganic Chemistry. San Diego: Academic Press. ISBN 0-12-352651-5.
^ Lee, C.; Harrison, W. T. A. (2007). "Tetraethylammonium dihydrogenarsenate bis(arsenic acid) and 1,4-diazoniabicyclo[2.2.2]octane bis(dihydrogenarsenate) arsenic acid: hydrogen-bonded networks containing dihydrogenarsenate anions and neutral arsenic acid molecules". Acta Crystallographica C 63 (Pt 7): m308–m311. doi:10.1107/S0108270107023967. PMID 17609552.
^ ^a ^b G. Brauer, ed. (1963). "Arsenic Acid". Handbook of Preparative Inorganic Chemistry 1 (2nd ed.). New York: Academic Press. p. 601.
^ Joachimoglu, G. (1915). Biochemische Zeitschrift 70: 144. Missing or empty |title= (help)

UpToDate Contents

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1. ヒ素曝露と中毒 arsenic exposure and poisoning
2. 再発性および難治性の急性前骨髄球性白血病の治療 treatment of relapsed or refractory acute promyelocytic leukemia in adults
3. 成人における急性前骨髄球性白血病の初期治療 initial treatment of acute promyelocytic leukemia in adults
4. 殺鼠剤中毒の概要 overview of rodenticide poisoning
5. 分化（レチノイン酸）症候群 differentiation retinoic acid syndrome

English Journal

Community of thermoacidophilic and arsenic resistant microorganisms isolated from a deep profile of mine heaps.

Casas-Flores S1, Gómez-Rodríguez EY, García-Meza JV.
AMB Express.AMB Express.2015 Dec;5(1):132. doi: 10.1186/s13568-015-0132-5. Epub 2015 Aug 19.
Soluble arsenic (As) in acidic feed solution may inhibit the copper (Cu) bioleaching process within mine heaps. To clarify the effect of soluble arsenic on the live biomass and bioxidative activity in heaps, toxicological assays were performed using a synthetic feed solution given by a mine company.
PMID 26283066

Determination of total arsenic using a novel Zn-ferrite binding gel for DGT techniques: Application to the redox speciation of arsenic in river sediments.

Gorny J1, Lesven L1, Billon G1, Dumoulin D1, Noiriel C2, Pirovano C3, Madé B4.
Talanta.Talanta.2015 Nov 1;144:890-8. doi: 10.1016/j.talanta.2015.07.016. Epub 2015 Jul 8.
A new laboratory-made Zn-ferrite (ZnFe2O4) binding gel is fully tested using Diffusive Gradient in Thin films (DGT) probes to measure total As [including inorganic As(III) and As(V), as well as MonoMethyl Arsenic Acid (MMAA(V)) and DiMethyl Arsenic Acid (DMAA(V))] in river waters and sediment pore w
PMID 26452905

Optimization of microwave-assisted extraction for six inorganic and organic arsenic species in chicken tissues using response surface methodology.

Zhang W1,2, Hu Y1, Cheng H1,3.
Journal of separation science.J Sep Sci.2015 Sep;38(17):3063-70. doi: 10.1002/jssc.201500065. Epub 2015 Jul 24.
Response surface methodology was applied to optimize the parameters for microwave-assisted extraction of six major inorganic and organic arsenic species (As(III), As(V), dimethyl arsenic acid, monomethyl arsenic acid, p-arsanilic acid, and roxarsone) from chicken tissues, followed by detection using
PMID 26106064

Japanese Journal

NPM1変異陽性急性骨髄性白血病に対するATRAおよびATOの有効性

血液内科 = Hematology 72(6), 846-852, 2016-06
NAID 40020899005

A Metal-Organic Framework Containing Arsenic Atoms with a Free Lone Pair

Bulletin of the Chemical Society of Japan advpub(0), 2016
NAID 130005157280

A biological indicator of inorganic arsenic exposure using the sum of urinary inorganic arsenic and monomethylarsonic acid concentrations

Journal of Occupational Health 58(2), 196-200, 2016
NAID 130005153240

「arsenate」

Arsenic acid
Names
	IUPAC name Arsenic acid, arsoric acid
	Other names Arsenic acid; Orthoarsenic acid; Desiccant L-10; Zotox
Identifiers
CAS Number	7778-39-4
ChEBI	CHEBI:18231
ChemSpider	229
EC Number	231-901-9
Jmol 3D model	Interactive image
KEGG	C01478
RTECS number	CG0700000
UNII	N7CIZ75ZPN
	InChI InChI=1S/AsH3O4/c2-1(3,4)5/h(H3,2,3,4,5) Key: DJHGAFSJWGLOIV-UHFFFAOYSA-N ; InChI=1/AsH3O4/c2-1(3,4)5/h(H3,2,3,4,5) Key: DJHGAFSJWGLOIV-UHFFFAOYAY ;
	SMILES O=[As](O)(O)O ;
Properties
Chemical formula	H3AsO4
Molar mass	141.94 g/mol
Appearance	White translucent crystals,; hygroscopic.
Density	2.5 g/cm3
Melting point	35.5 °C (95.9 °F; 308.6 K)
Boiling point	120 °C (248 °F; 393 K) decomposes
Solubility in water	16.7 g/100 mL
Solubility	soluble in alcohol
Vapor pressure	55 hPa (50 °C)
Acidity (pKa)	2.19, 6.94, 11.5
Structure
Molecular shape	Tetrahedral
Hazards
EU classification (DSD)	Toxic (T); Dangerous for the environment (N)
R-phrases	R23/25, R45, R50/53
S-phrases	S53, S45, S60, S61
NFPA 704	0 3 0
Flash point	Non-flammable
	Lethal dose or concentration (LD, LC):
LD50 (median dose)	48 mg/kg (rat, oral)
Related compounds
Other anions	Phosphoric acid
Other cations	Sodium arsenate
Related compounds	Arsenous acid; Arsenic pentoxide
	Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
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	Infobox references

　　[★] ヒ酸 arsenic acid, ヒ酸塩

「ヒ酸」

　　[★]

英: arsenic acid arsenate
関: ヒ酸塩

[1] Holleman, A. F.; Wiberg, E. (2001). Inorganic Chemistry. San Diego: Academic Press. ISBN 0-12-352651-5.

[2] Lee, C.; Harrison, W. T. A. (2007). "Tetraethylammonium dihydrogenarsenate bis(arsenic acid) and 1,4-diazoniabicyclo[2.2.2]octane bis(dihydrogenarsenate) arsenic acid: hydrogen-bonded networks containing dihydrogenarsenate anions and neutral arsenic acid molecules". Acta Crystallographica C 63 (Pt 7): m308–m311. doi:10.1107/S0108270107023967. PMID 17609552.

[Brauer-3] G. Brauer, ed. (1963). "Arsenic Acid". Handbook of Preparative Inorganic Chemistry 1 (2nd ed.). New York: Academic Press. p. 601.

[4] Joachimoglu, G. (1915). Biochemische Zeitschrift 70: 144. Missing or empty |title= (help)

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arsenic acid