免疫芽球性リンパ節症。血管免疫芽球性リンパ節症 AIL angio-immunoblastic lymphadenopathy
WordNet
- chronic abnormal enlargement of the lymph nodes (usually associated with disease)
Wikipedia preview
出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2016/12/22 19:19:22」(JST)
[Wiki en表示]
| Lymphadenopathy |
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| Neck lymphadenopathy associated with infectious mononucleosis |
| Classification and external resources |
| Specialty |
Infectious disease |
| ICD-10 |
I88, L04, R59.1 |
| ICD-9-CM |
289.1-289.3, 683, 785.6 |
| DiseasesDB |
22225 |
| MedlinePlus |
001301 |
| eMedicine |
ped/1333 |
| MeSH |
D008206 |
|
[edit on Wikidata]
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Lymphadenopathy or adenopathy is disease of the lymph nodes, in which they are abnormal in size, number, or consistency.[1] Lymphadenopathy of an inflammatory type (the most common type) is lymphadenitis,[2] producing swollen or enlarged lymph nodes. In clinical practice, the distinction between lymphadenopathy and lymphadenitis is rarely made and the words are usually treated as synonymous. Inflammation of the lymphatic vessels is known as lymphangitis.[3] Infectious lymphadenitides affecting lymph nodes in the neck are often called scrofula.
The term comes from the word lymph and a combination of the Greek words αδένας, adenas ("gland") and παθεία, patheia ("act of suffering" or "disease").
Lymphadenopathy is a common and nonspecific sign. Common causes include infections (from minor ones such as the common cold to dangerous ones such as HIV/AIDS), autoimmune diseases, and cancers. Lymphadenopathy is also frequently idiopathic and self-limiting.
Contents
- 1 Types
- 2 Causes
- 3 Benign (reactive) lymphadenopathy
- 4 Localization
- 5 See also
- 6 References
- 7 External links
Types
Micrograph of dermatopathic lymphadenopathy, a type of lymphadenopathy. H&E stain.
- By extent:
- Localized lymphadenopathy: due to localized spot of infection e.g., an infected spot on the scalp will cause lymph nodes in the neck on that same side to swell up
- Generalized lymphadenopathy: due to a systemic infection of the body e.g., influenza or secondary syphilis
- Persistent generalized lymphadenopathy (PGL): persisting for a long time, possibly without an apparent cause
- By malignancy: Benign lymphadenopathy is distinguished from malignant causes which mainly refer to lymphomas or lymph node metastasis
- By localization, including hilar lymphadenopathy.
- Dermatopathic lymphadenopathy: lymphadenopathy associated with skin disease.
Causes
Retroperitoneal lymphadenopathies of testicular seminoma, embrace the aorta. Computed tomography image.
Lymph node enlargement is recognized as a common sign of infectious, autoimmune, or malignant disease. Examples may include:
- Reactive: acute infection (e.g., bacterial, or viral), or chronic infections (tuberculous lymphadenitis,[4] cat-scratch disease[5]).
- The most distinctive sign of bubonic plague is extreme swelling of one or more lymph nodes that bulge out of the skin as "buboes." The buboes often become necrotic and may even rupture.[6]
- Infectious mononucleosis is an acute viral infection caused by Epstein-Barr virus and may be characterized by a marked enlargement of the cervical lymph nodes.[7]
- It is also a sign of cutaneous anthrax[8] and Human African trypanosomiasis[9]
- Toxoplasmosis, a parasitic disease, gives a generalized lymphadenopathy (Piringer-Kuchinka lymphadenopathy).[10]
- Plasma cell variant of Castleman's disease - associated with HHV-8 infection and HIV infection[11][12]
- Mesenteric lymphadenitis after viral systemic infection (particularly in the GALT in the appendix) can commonly present like appendicitis.[13][14]
Less common infectious causes of lymphadenopathy may include bacterial infections such as cat scratch disease, tularemia, brucellosis, or prevotella.[citation needed]
- Tumoral:
- Primary: Hodgkin lymphoma[15] and non-Hodgkin lymphoma give lymphadenopathy in all or a few lymph nodes.[10]
- Secondary: metastasis, Virchow's Node, neuroblastoma,[16] and chronic lymphocytic leukemia.[17]
- Autoimmune etiology: systemic lupus erythematosus[18] and rheumatoid arthritis may have a generalized lymphadenopathy.[10]
- Immunocompromised etiology: AIDS. Generalized lymphadenopathy is an early sign of infection with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), the virus that causes acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS).[19] "Lymphadenopathy syndrome" has been used to describe the first symptomatic stage of HIV progression, preceding a diagnosis of AIDS.
- Bites from certain venomous snakes such as the pit viper[20]
- Unknown etiology: Kikuchi disease,[21] progressive transformation of germinal centers, sarcoidosis, hyaline-vascular variant of Castleman's disease, Rosai-Dorfman disease,[22] Kawasaki disease,[23] Kimura disease[24]
Benign (reactive) lymphadenopathy
Benign lymphadenopathy is a common biopsy finding, and may often be confused with malignant lymphoma. It may be separated into major morphologic patterns, each with its own differential diagnosis with certain types of lymphoma. Most cases of reactive follicular hyperplasia are easy to diagnose, but some cases may be confused with follicular lymphoma. There are six distinct patterns of benign lymphadenopathy:[7]
- Follicular hyperplasia: This is the most common type of reactive lymphadenopathy.[7]
- Paracortical hyperplasia/Interfollicular hyperplasia: It is seen in viral infections, skin diseases, and nonspecific reactions.
- Sinus histiocytosis: It is seen in lymph nodes draining limbs, inflammatory lesions, and malignancies.
- Nodal extensive necrosis
- Nodal granulomatous inflammation
- Nodal extensive fibrosis (Connective tissue framework)
- Nodal deposition of interstitial substance
These morphological patterns are never pure. Thus, reactive follicular hyperplasia can have a component of paracortical hyperplasia. However, this distinction is important for the differential diagnosis of the cause.
Localization
- Mediastinal lymphadenopathy
- Bilateral hilar lymphadenopathy
See also
- Adenitis
- Lymphovascular invasion
References
- ^ King, D; Ramachandra, J; Yeomanson, D (2 January 2014). "Lymphadenopathy in children: refer or reassure?". Archives of Disease in Childhood: Education and Practice Edition. 99: 101–110. doi:10.1136/archdischild-2013-304443. PMID 24385291.
- ^ "lymphadenitis" at Dorland's Medical Dictionary
- ^ "lymphangitis" at Dorland's Medical Dictionary
- ^ Fontanilla, JM; Barnes, A; Von Reyn, CF (September 2011). "Current diagnosis and management of peripheral tuberculous lymphadenitis". Clinical Infectious Diseases. 53 (6): 555–562. doi:10.1093/cid/cir454. PMID 21865192.
- ^ Klotz, SA; Ianas, V; Elliott, SP (2011). "Cat-scratch Disease". American Family Physician. 83 (2): 152–155. PMID 21243990.
- ^ Butler, T (2009). "Plague into the 21st century". Clinical Infectious Diseases. 49 (5): 736–742. doi:10.1086/604718. PMID 19606935.
- ^ a b c Weiss, LM; O'Malley, D (2013). "Benign lymphadenopathies". Modern Pathology. 26 (Supplement 1): S88–S96. doi:10.1038/modpathol.2012.176. PMID 23281438.
- ^ Sweeney, DA; Hicks, CW; Cui, X; Li, Y; Eichacker, PQ (December 2011). "Anthrax infection". American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine. 184 (12): 1333–1341. doi:10.1164/rccm.201102-0209CI. PMC 3361358. PMID 21852539.
- ^ Kennedy, PG (February 2013). "Clinical features, diagnosis, and treatment of human African trypanosomiasis (sleeping sickness)". Lancet Neurology. 12 (2): 186–194. doi:10.1016/S1474-4422(12)70296-X. PMID 23260189.
- ^ a b c Status and anamnesis, Anders Albinsson. Page 12
- ^ Kim, TU; Kim, S; Lee, JW; Lee, NK; Jeon, UB; Ha, HG; Shin, DH (September–October 2012). "Plasma cell type of Castleman's disease involving renal parenchyma and sinus with cardiac tamponade: case report and literature review". Korean Journal of Radiology. 13 (5): 658–663. doi:10.3348/kjr.2012.13.5.658. PMC 3435867. PMID 22977337.
- ^ Zhang, H; Wang, R; Wang, H; Xu, Y; Chen, J (June 2012). "Membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis in Castleman's disease: a systematic review of the literature and 2 case reports". Internal Medicine (Tokyo, Japan). 51 (12): 1537–1542. doi:10.2169/internalmedicine.51.6298. PMID 22728487.
- ^ Bratucu, E; Lazar, A; Marincaş, M; Daha, C; Zurac, S (March–April 2013). "Aseptic mesenteric lymph node abscesses. In search of an answer. A new entity?" (PDF). Chirurgia (Bucarest, Romania: 1990). 108 (2): 152–160. PMID 23618562.
- ^ Leung, A; Sigalet, DL (June 2003). "Acute Abdominal Pain in Children". American Family Physician. 67 (11): 2321–2327.
- ^ Glass, C (September 2008). "Role of the Primary Care Physician in Hodgkin Lymphoma". American Family Physician. 78 (5): 615–622. PMID 18788239.
- ^ Colon, NC; Chung, DH (2011). "Neuroblastoma". Advances in Pediatrics. 58 (1): 297–311. doi:10.1016/j.yapd.2011.03.011. PMC 3668791. PMID 21736987.
- ^ Sagatys, EM; Zhang, L (January 2011). "Clinical and laboratory prognostic indicators in chronic lymphocytic leukemia". Cancer Control. 19 (1): 18–25. PMID 22143059.
- ^ Melikoglu, MA; Melikoglu, M (October–December 2008). "The clinical importance of lymphadenopathy in systemic lupus erythematosus" (PDF). Acta Reumatologia Portuguesa. 33 (4): 402–406. PMID 19107085.
- ^ Lederman, MM; Margolis, L (June 2008). "The lymph node in HIV pathogenesis". Seminars in Immunology. 20 (3): 187–195. doi:10.1016/j.smim.2008.06.001. PMC 2577760. PMID 18620868.
- ^ Quan, D (October 2012). "North American poisonous bites and stings". Critical Care Clinics. 28 (4): 633–659. doi:10.1016/j.ccc.2012.07.010. PMID 22998994.
- ^ Komagamine, T; Nagashima, T; Kojima, M; Kokubun, N; Nakamura, T; Hashimoto, K; Kimoto, K; Hirata, K (September 2012). "Recurrent aseptic meningitis in association with Kikuchi-Fujimoto disease: case report and literature review". BMC Neurology. 12: 187–195. doi:10.1186/1471-2377-12-112. PMC 3570427. PMID 23020225.
- ^ Noguchi, S; Yatera, K; Shimajiri, S; Inoue, N; Nagata, S; Nishida, C; Kawanami, T; Ishimoto, H; Sasaguri, Y; Mukae, H (2012). "Intrathoracic Rosai-Dorfman disease with spontaneous remission: a clinical report and a review of the literature". The Tokohu Journal of Experimental Medicine. 227 (3): 231–235. doi:10.1620/tjem.227.231. PMID 22789970.
- ^ Weiss, PF (April 2012). "Pediatric vasculitis". Pediatric Clinics of North America. 59 (2): 407–423. doi:10.1016/j.pcl.2012.03.013. PMC 3348547. PMID 22560577.
- ^ Koh, H; Kamiishi, N; Chiyotani, A; Takahashi, H; Sudo, A; Masuda, Y; Shinden, S; Tajima, A; Kimura, Y; Kimura, T (April 2012). "Eosinophilic lung disease complicated by Kimura's disease: a case report and literature review". Internal Medicine (Tokyo, Japan). 51 (22): 3163–3167. PMID 23154725.
External links
- HPC:13820 on humpath.com (Digital slides)
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Symptoms and signs relating to the cardiovascular system (R00–R03, 785)
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| Chest pain |
- Referred pain
- Angina
- Aerophagia
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| Auscultation |
- Heart sounds
- Split S2
- S3
- S4
- Gallop rhythm
- Heart murmur
- Systolic
- Diastolic
- Continuous
- Pericardial friction rub
- Heart click
- Bruit
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| Pulse |
- Tachycardia
- Bradycardia
- Pulsus tardus et parvus
- Pulsus paradoxus
- doubled
- Pulsus bisferiens
- Dicrotic pulse
- Pulsus bigeminus
- Pulsus alternans
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| Vascular disease |
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| Other |
- Palpitations
- Cœur en sabot
- Jugular venous pressure
- Hyperaemia
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| Shock |
- Cardiogenic
- Hypovolemic
- Distributive
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Lymphatic disease: Lymphatic organ disease (D73/E32/I88–I89, 254/289.4–289.5/457)
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| Thymus |
- Abscess of thymus
- Thymus hyperplasia
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| Spleen |
- Acquired asplenia/hyposplenism
- Wandering spleen
- Splenomegaly (Banti's syndrome)
- Splenic infarction
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| Tonsil |
- see Template:Respiratory pathology
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| Lymph node |
- Lymphadenopathy/lymphadenitis
- Generalized lymphadenopathy
- Castleman's disease
- Intranodal palisaded myofibroblastoma
- Kikuchi disease
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Inflammation
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| Acute |
| Plasma derived mediators |
- Bradykinin
- complement
- coagulation
- Factor XII
- Plasmin
- Thrombin
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| Cell derived mediators |
| preformed: |
- Lysosome granules
- biogenic amines
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| synthesized on demand: |
- cytokines
- eicosanoids
- Leukotriene B4
- Prostaglandins
- Nitric oxide
- Kinins
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| Chronic |
- Macrophage
- Epithelioid cell
- Giant cell
- Granuloma
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| Processes |
| Traditional: |
- Rubor
- Calor
- Tumor
- Dolor
- Functio laesa
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| Modern: |
- Acute-phase reaction/Fever
- Vasodilation
- Increased vascular permeability
- Exudate
- Leukocyte extravasation
- Chemotaxis
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| Specific locations |
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UpToDate Contents
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English Journal
- Hypercalcemia as a rare presentation of angioimmunoblastic T cell lymphoma: a case report.
- Chams S1, Hajj Hussein I2, El Sayegh S3, Chams N3, Zakaria K3.
- Journal of medical case reports.J Med Case Rep.2018 Apr 20;12(1):101. doi: 10.1186/s13256-018-1669-0.
- PMID 29673407
- Lymphoproliferative disorders with concurrent HHV8 and EBV infection: beyond primary effusion lymphoma and germinotropic lymphoproliferative disorder.
- Wang W1, Kanagal-Shamanna R1, Medeiros LJ1.
- Histopathology.Histopathology.2018 Apr;72(5):855-861. doi: 10.1111/his.13428. Epub 2018 Jan 3.
- PMID 29105119
- Review of the biologic and clinical significance of genetic mutations in angioimmunoblastic T-cell lymphoma.
- Fukumoto K1, Nguyen TB1, Chiba S1,2,3, Sakata-Yanagimoto M1,2,3.
- Cancer science.Cancer Sci.2018 Mar;109(3):490-496. doi: 10.1111/cas.13393. Epub 2017 Nov 27.
- PMID 28889481
Japanese Journal
- 高度な好酸球増多とTAFRO症候群の特徴を呈した全身性エリテマトーデス
- 徳永 正浩,山田 昌秀,吉川 慎一,近藤 篤史,三島 麻衣,井上 慎也,森田 隆子,冨永 信彦
- 臨床血液 59(6), 688-694, 2018
- <p>症例は76歳女性。発熱と掻痒感を伴う出血性皮疹に加え，高度の血小板減少を指摘され入院となった。貧血や著明な好酸球増多，ALP・CRP・可溶性IL-2受容体の上昇，抗核抗体とCoombs試験陽性を認め，CT上胸腹水・腹腔内リンパ節腫脹・肝脾腫を指摘された。PDGF・FGF受容体遺伝子の再構成を伴う造血器腫瘍，感染症，好酸球性多発血管炎性肉芽腫症，血管免疫芽球性T細胞リンパ腫，何らか …
- NAID 130007393799
- Angioimmunoblastic T-cell Lymphoma の 1 例
- 箕輪 智幸,栁澤 健二,加賀谷 真起子,髙橋 博之,井端 淳,後藤田 裕子
- 西日本皮膚科 80(1), 38-44, 2018
- … 背部紅斑の皮膚生検では，真皮深層の血管および付属器周囲に異型リンパ球を含む単核球の集簇を認め，異型リンパ球は CD3，CD4，CD10，bcl-6，PD-1が陽性であり，angioimmunoblastic T-cell lymphoma(以下 AITL)が疑われ，その後の右鼠径リンパ節生検により AITL と確定診断された。 …
- NAID 130007384092
- FDPとDダイマーが偽高値を示した血管免疫芽球性T細胞リンパ腫の1症例
- 中澤 美帆,徳竹 孝好,倉島 祥子,大塚 翔平,小林 光
- 医学検査 67(1), 119-123, 2018
- <p>血液腫瘍性の高γグロブリン血症では，抗原抗体反応を原理とする検査項目においてしばしば非特異反応を示すことが報告されている。今回我々は，血管免疫芽球性T細胞リンパ腫（AITL）の患者において，FDPとD-Dが偽高値を示した症例を経験したので報告する。患者は60歳代女性。多発性のリンパ節腫大，皮疹，肝肺浸潤の症状で発症し，AITLと診断された。入院後9病日目に，D-Dが「プロゾン」と …
- NAID 130006321454
Related Links
- lymphadenopathy [lim-fad″ĕ-nop´ah-the] disease of the lymph nodes; called also adenopathy. angioimmunoblastic lymphadenopathy (angioimmunoblastic lymphadenopathy with dysproteinemia (AILD)) a systemic disorder resembling ...
- Important It is possible that the main title of the report Lymphadenopathy, Angioimmunoblastic with Dysproteinemia is not the name you expected. Please check the synonyms listing to find the alternate name(s) and ...
★リンクテーブル★
[★]
- 英
- immunoblastic lymphadenopathy, IBL
- 同
- 異常蛋白血症を伴う血管免疫芽球性リンパ節症 angio-immunoblastic lymphadenopathy with dysproteinemia AILD、血管免疫芽球性リンパ節症 angio-immunoblastic lymphadenopathy angioimmunoblastic lymphadenopathy AIL、リンパ肉芽腫症X lymphogranulomatosis X、免疫異形成症 immunodysplastic disease、リンパ異形成症候群 lymphodysplastic syndrome
- 関
- 免疫芽球
[★]
免疫芽球性リンパ節症。血管免疫芽球性リンパ節症 angioimmunoblastic lymphadenopathy angio-immunoblastic lymphadenopathy
[★]
免疫芽球性リンパ節症。血管免疫芽球性リンパ節症 AIL angioimmunoblastic lymphadenopathy
[★]
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