- 祖先の
WordNet
- of or belonging to or inherited from an ancestor
- inherited or inheritable by established rules (usually legal rules) of descent; "ancestral home"; "ancestral lore"; "hereditary monarchy"; "patrimonial estate"; "transmissible tradition" (同)hereditary, patrimonial, transmissible
- someone from whom you are descended (but usually more remote than a grandparent) (同)ascendant, ascendent, antecedent, root
- inherited properties shared with others of your bloodline (同)lineage, derivation, filiation
- an ancestor in the direct line (同)primogenitor
PrepTutorEJDIC
- 祖先の;先祖伝来の
- (一人の)『先祖』,祖先(forefather) / (事物の)原型,先駆 / (生物の)原型種
- 《集合的に》先祖,祖先(ancestors) / 家系,家柄(lineage) / (事物の)起源,発達史
- (人・動植物の)先祖 / 創始者,先駆者
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出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2017/12/01 23:42:01」(JST)
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- 1. コレラ：微生物学的特徴および発症機序cholera microbiology and pathogenesis [show details]
- 2. AAアミロイドーシスの発症機序pathogenesis of aa amyloidosis [show details]
- 3. 原発性骨髄線維症における病態pathogenetic mechanisms in primary myelofibrosis [show details]
- 4. ゲノムワイド関連解析：原理および応用genetic association and gwas studies principles and applications [show details]
- 5. 若年性皮膚筋炎および多発性筋炎：疫学、病因および臨床症状juvenile dermatomyositis and polymyositis epidemiology pathogenesis and clinical manifestations [show details]
English Journal
- Characterization and expression of the CXCR1 and CXCR4 in miiuy croaker and evolutionary analysis shows the strong positive selection pressures imposed in mammal CXCR1.
- Xu T1, Zhu Z2, Sun Y2, Ren L2, Wang R2.Author information 1Laboratory of Fish Biogenetics & Immune Evolution, College of Marine Science, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan, PR China. Electronic address: tianjunxu@163.com.2Laboratory of Fish Biogenetics & Immune Evolution, College of Marine Science, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan, PR China.AbstractThe innate immune system can recognize non-self, danger signals, and pathogen associated molecular patterns and provides a first line of antimicrobial host defense. Therefore, it plays an instructive role and is pretty important in vertebrates. In innate immune responses, CXCRs act as the main receptors of CXC chemokines and play a vital role in host defense and inflammation. In present study, we cloned two cDNA molecules of CXCR1 and CXCR4 in Miichthys miiuy (miiuy croaker). In these two genes, we found the most highly conserved DRY motif in the second intracellular loop adjacent to the third transmembrane domain. The expressions of CXCR1 and CXCR4 showed that they were ubiquitously expressed in ten normal tissues. After infection with Vibrio anguillarum and Vibrio harveyi, the expressions of CXCRs in the immune tissues were significantly regulated in most of tissues except that of CXCR1 in the kidney after V. harveyi injection. Evolutionary analysis showed that only the ancestral lineages of CXCR4 in amphibians underwent positive selection, indicating that the ancestors of amphibians boarded the land and had to further evolve to adapt to terrestrial environments. Multiple ML methods were implemented to detect the robust positively selected candidates for sites. In total, we detected 12 and 3 positively selected sites in the subsets of current mammal and fish CXCR1 genes, and only one site under positive selection was found in mammalian CXCR4 subsets. These positively selected sites were mainly located in the extracellular domains of CXCRs. The sliding window analysis and evolution test tended to favor positive selection acting on the N-terminal domain of CXCR1, which was the critical region for ligand/receptor signaling for neutrophils and receptor-ligand interaction, indicating that the N-terminal of CXCR1 in mammals underwent more positive selection than that of fish.
- Developmental and comparative immunology.Dev Comp Immunol.2014 May;44(1):133-44. doi: 10.1016/j.dci.2013.12.006. Epub 2013 Dec 12.
- The innate immune system can recognize non-self, danger signals, and pathogen associated molecular patterns and provides a first line of antimicrobial host defense. Therefore, it plays an instructive role and is pretty important in vertebrates. In innate immune responses, CXCRs act as the main recep
- PMID 24333436
- Helminths and human ancestral immune ecology: What is the evidence for high helminth loads among foragers?
- London D1, Hruschka D.Author information 1Department of Anthropology, Adelphi University, Garden City, New York, 11530.AbstractOBJECTIVES: Recent theories of human immune ecology have invoked high helminth loads as an important selection factor among early humans. However, few studies have assessed this assumption among extant human foragers.
- American journal of human biology : the official journal of the Human Biology Council.Am J Hum Biol.2014 Mar 4;26(2):124-9. doi: 10.1002/ajhb.22503. Epub 2014 Jan 28.
- OBJECTIVES: Recent theories of human immune ecology have invoked high helminth loads as an important selection factor among early humans. However, few studies have assessed this assumption among extant human foragers.METHODS: We review the current evidence for high helminth loads in documented forag
- PMID 24469911
- Postnatal Development of the Skull of Dinilysia patagonica (Squamata-Stem Serpentes).
- Scanferla A1, Bhullar BA.Author information 1CONICET, Instituto de Bio y Geociencias del NOA (IBIGEO), Museo de Ciencias Naturales de Salta, Salta, Argentina.AbstractThe snake skull represents a profound transformation of the ancestral squamate cranium in which dermal skull roof bones were integrated with the braincase, in a manner convergent with that which occurred during the origin of mammals. However, the ontogeny of snake characters at the origin of the clade has until now been inaccessible. Here we describe a postnatal ontogenetic series of the Late Cretaceous stem snake Dinilysia patagonica and compare it to that of extant lizards and snakes. Comparative analysis indicates notable ontogenetic changes, including advanced state of ossification, isometric growth of the otic capsule, fusion of the stylohyal to the quadrate, and great posterior elongation of the supratemporal. Of these transformations, the unfused condition of braincase bones and the retention of a large otic capsule in adults are examples of paedomorphic and peramorphic processes, respectively. Some ontogenetic transformations detected, in particular those present in middle ear, skull roof and suspensorium, are strikingly similar to those present in extant snakes. Nevertheless, Dinilysia retains a lizard-like paroccipital process without an epiphyseal extremity, and a calcified epiphysis that caps the sphenoccipital tubercle. Finally, the integration of the dermal skull roof with the braincase is similar to that seen in mammals with regard to the overall closure of the braincase, but the two evolutionary and developmental modules appear less integrated in snakes in that the parietal bone of the dermal skull roof progressively overlaps the supraoccipital of the chondrocranial braincase. Anat Rec, 297:560-573, 2014. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
- Anatomical record (Hoboken, N.J. : 2007).Anat Rec (Hoboken).2014 Mar;297(3):560-73. doi: 10.1002/ar.22862. Epub 2014 Feb 3.
- The snake skull represents a profound transformation of the ancestral squamate cranium in which dermal skull roof bones were integrated with the braincase, in a manner convergent with that which occurred during the origin of mammals. However, the ontogeny of snake characters at the origin of the cla
- PMID 24493375
- Relict endemism of extant rhineuridae (amphisbaenia): testing for phylogenetic niche conservatism in the fossil record.
- Hipsley CA1, Müller J.Author information 1Museum für Naturkunde-Leibniz-Institut für Evolutions-und Biodiversitätsforschung Invalidenstr. 43, Berlin, Germany.AbstractRhineurid amphisbaenians are represented by a rich Cenozoic fossil record in North America, but today conisist of a single living species restricted to the Florida Peninsula. Such relict endemism may be the result of phylogenetic niche conservatism (PNC), the retention of ancestral traits preventing expansion into new environments. Most tests of PNC derive ancestral niche preferences from species' extant ecologies, while ignoring valuable paleontological information. To test if PNC contributes to the restricted distribution of modern Rhineura floridana, we compare the species' current environmental preferences (temperature, precipitation and soil) to paleoenvironmental data from the rhineurid fossil record. We find no evidence of PNC in modern R. floridana, as it also occurred in Florida during drier glacial periods. Ancient rhineurids also exhibit tolerance to changing climates, having undergone a shift from subtropical-humid to semi-arid savanna conditions during the Eocene-Oligocene transition. However, rhineurids nearly disappear from North America after the middle Miocene, potentially due to the onset of prolonged freezing temperatures following the mid-Miocene Climatic Optimum. This physiological limit of environmental tolerances could be interpreted as PNC for the entire family, but also characterizes much of Amphisbaenia, emphasizing the relevance of the temporal as well as phylogenetic scale at which PNC is investigated. Anat Rec, 297:473-481, 2014. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
- Anatomical record (Hoboken, N.J. : 2007).Anat Rec (Hoboken).2014 Mar;297(3):473-81. doi: 10.1002/ar.22853. Epub 2014 Jan 31.
- Rhineurid amphisbaenians are represented by a rich Cenozoic fossil record in North America, but today conisist of a single living species restricted to the Florida Peninsula. Such relict endemism may be the result of phylogenetic niche conservatism (PNC), the retention of ancestral traits preventing
- PMID 24482295
Japanese Journal
- The First Establishment of "Hand-Pairing" Cross-Breeding Method for the Most Ancestral Wing Acquired Insect Group
- Takenaka Masaki,Sekine Kazuki,Tojo Koji
- Zoological science 36(2), 136-140, 2019-04
- NAID 40021868157
- Population Structure, Admixture, and Migration Patterns of Japanese Sika Deer (Cervus nippon) Inhabiting Toyama Prefecture in Japan
- Eva Saifun Nahaer,Yamazaki Yuji
- Zoological science 36(2), 128-135, 2019-04
- NAID 40021868152
- Control of proliferation in the haploid meristem by CLE peptide signaling in Marchantia polymorpha
- Hirakawa Yuki,Uchida Naoyuki,Yamaguchi Yasuka L.,Tabata Ryo,Ishida Sakiko,Ishizaki Kimitsune,Nishihama Ryuichi,Kohchi Takayuki,Sawa Shinichiro,Bowman John L.
- PLoS Genetics 15(3), e1007997, 2019-03-07
- … These data suggest that local CLE peptide signaling may have had a role in regulating cell proliferation in the shoot meristem in the ancestral land plant and acts in both sporophytic and gametophytic meristems of extant plants. … Our finding reveals a general association of CLE peptide signaling with meristem homeostasis, a feature that evolved in the ancestral land plant, in both haploid and diploid phases. …
- NAID 120006621164
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- ancestral 【形】 先祖の、先祖から伝わる 先駆をなす、原型となる【発音】ænséstrəl【カナ】アンセストゥラル - アルクがお届けするオンライン英和・和英辞書検索サービス。
- (Logic) logic a relation that holds between x and y if there is a chain of instances of a given relation leading from x to y. Thus the ancestral of parent of is ... Adj. 1. ancestral - inherited or inheritable by established rules (usually legal ...
- ancestralとは。意味や和訳。[形]1 先祖[祖先]の；先祖代代[伝来]の2 先駆[原型]をなす - 80万項目以上収録、例文・コロケーションが豊富な無料英和和英辞典。
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★リンクテーブル★
| リンク元 | 「progenitor」「祖先」「ancestor」「ancestry」 |
「progenitor」
「祖先」
「ancestor」
「ancestry」