WordNet

soft decayed area in a tooth; progressive decay can lead to the death of a tooth (同)caries, dental_caries, tooth decay
space that is surrounded by something (同)enclosed space
(anatomy) a natural hollow or sinus within the body (同)bodily cavity, cavum
of or related to the amnion or characterized by developing an amnion; "amniotic membrane" (同)amnionic, amnic

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へこみ,くぼみ,空洞 / 虫歯の穴 / (人体内の)腔(こう)

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出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2012/06/17 19:52:33」(JST)

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Amniotic cavity

Model of human embryo 1.3 mm. long.
Latin	cavitas amniotica
Gray's	subject #12 56
Carnegie stage	5a
Code	TE E6.0.1.1.5.0.8

The amniotic cavity is the closed sac between the embryo and the amnion, containing the amniotic fluid. The amniotic cavity is formed by the fusion of the parts of the amniotic fold, which first makes its appearance at the cephalic extremity, and subsequently at the caudal end and sides of the embryo. As the amniotic fold rises and fuses over the dorsal aspect of the embryo, the amniotic cavity is formed.

Formation of the Amniotic Cavity

At the beginning of the second week, a cavity appears within the inner cell mass and when it enlarges it becomes the Amniotic cavity. The floor of the amniotic cavity is formed by the epiblast. Epiblast migrates between the epiblastic disc and trophoblast. In this way the epiblastic cells migrate between the embryoblast and trophoblast . The floor is formed by the epiblast which later on transforms to ectoderm while the remaining cells which are present between the embryoblast and trophoblast are called amnioblasts (flattened Cells). These cells are also derived from epiblast which is transformed into ectoderm.

The amniotic cavity is surrounded by a membrane, called the amnion. As the implantation of the blastocyst progresses, a small space appears in the embryoblast, which is the primordium of the amniotic cavity. Soon amniogenic (Amnion forming cells) amnioblasts separate from the epiblast and line the amnion, which encloses the amniotic cavity.

The epiblast forms the floor of the amniotic cavity and is continuous peripherally with the amnion. The hypoblast forms the roof of the exocoelomic cavity and is continuous with the thin exocoelomic membrane. This membrane along with hypoblast forms the primary yolk sac. The embryonic disc now lies between the amniotic cavity and the primary yolk sac. Cells from the yolk sac endoderm form a layer of connective tissue, the extraembryonic mesoderm, which surrounds the amnion and yolk sac.

External links

http://www.mun.ca/biology/scarr/Amniotic_egg.html
http://staff.um.edu.mt/acus1/IMPLANTATION.htm

UpToDate Contents

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1. 羊水量調節の生理学 physiology of amniotic fluid volume regulation
2. 羊水量の評価 assessment of amniotic fluid volume
3. 続発性羊膜帯 amniotic band sequence
4. 羊水塞栓症候群 amniotic fluid embolism syndrome
5. 胎便吸引症候群の臨床的特徴および診断 clinical features and diagnosis of meconium aspiration syndrome

English Journal

Viral invasion of the Amniotic Cavity (VIAC) in the Midtrimester of Pregnancy.

Silasi M.SourceDepartment of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, Reproductive Immunology Unit, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA.
American journal of reproductive immunology (New York, N.Y. : 1989).Am J Reprod Immunol.2013 Mar;69(3):195-6. doi: 10.1111/aji.12073.
A role for microbial invasion leading to inflammation in the amniotic cavity and subsequent pre-term delivery has been well established. For years, the role of viral infections in pregnancy has been minimized and thought of as harmless, with a few exceptions. Recent evidence now encourages us to exp
PMID 23384234

Amniotic fluid soluble Toll-like receptor 2 in pregnancies complicated by preterm prelabor rupture of membranes.

Andrys C, Kacerovsky M, Drahosova M, Musilova I, Pliskova L, Hornychova H, Prochazka M, Jacobsson B.SourceDepartment of Clinical Immunology and Allergy, Charles University in Prague, Faculty of Medicine Hradec Kralove, University Hospital Hradec Kralove , Czech Republic.
The journal of maternal-fetal & neonatal medicine : the official journal of the European Association of Perinatal Medicine, the Federation of Asia and Oceania Perinatal Societies, the International Society of Perinatal Obstetricians.J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med.2013 Mar;26(5):520-7. doi: 10.3109/14767058.2012.741634. Epub 2012 Nov 15.
Objective: To determine amniotic fluid soluble Toll-like receptor 2 (sTLR2) levels in PPROM according to the presence of microbial invasion of the amniotic cavity (MIAC), histological chorioamnionitis (HCA), and both these conditions. To test the cutoff level of 222.7 ng/mL, as proposed in our pre
PMID 23102403

Japanese Journal

パルボB19ウイルス感染胎児における羊水中 Erythropoietin と Troponin-T を用いた胎児重症度の評価

吉田昌史,松田秀雄,若松太,川上裕一,長谷川ゆり,吉永洋輔,浅井一彦,川嶋章弘,古谷健一
日本周産期・新生児医学会雑誌 = Journal of Japan Society of Perinatal and Neonatal Medicine 46(4), 1240-1244, 2010-12-20
NAID 10027853803

免疫グロブリンの胎児腹腔内投与を施行した先天性サイトメガロウイルス感染の１例

稲葉可奈子,佐藤幸保,高井浩志,角井和代,巽啓司,藤原浩,河井昌彦,児玉暖,峰松俊夫,山田秀人,小西郁生
産婦人科の進歩 62(3), 234-240, 2010
妊娠中にサイトメガロウイルス（CMV）に初感染した妊婦の約40％が胎内感染を起こし，その約10％に子宮内胎児発育不全，肝脾腫，小頭症，腹水などを発症するとされている．今回われわれは，症候性の先天性CMV感染（先天性CMV感染症）に対し免疫グロブリンの胎児腹腔内投与を行った１例を経験したので報告する．　症例は19歳女性．妊娠21週時に胎児腹水，重症羊水過少のため当科を紹介受診した．羊水と胎児腹水のウ …
NAID 130000441098