WordNet

move or proceed at an angle; "he angled his way into the room"
the space between two lines or planes that intersect; the inclination of one line to another; measured in degrees or radians
fish with a hook
fishing with a hook and line (and usually a pole)
a member of a Germanic people who conquered England and merged with the Saxons and Jutes to become Anglo-Saxons
of or relating to or near the sternum
United States concert violinist (born in Russia in 1920) (同)Isaac Stern

PrepTutorEJDIC

『かど』,すみ(corner) / 『角』,角度 / 《話》(ものを見る)角度,観点(point of view) / …'を'ある角度に動かす(向ける,曲げる) / …'を'ある角度から見る
(楽しみとして)魚釣りをする;(魚を)釣る《+『for』+『名』》
魚釣り(fishing)

Wikipedia preview

出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2013/04/26 00:00:18」(JST)

wiki en

The sternal angle or 'angle of Louis', from the Latin angulus Ludovici is the anterior angle formed by the junction of the manubrium and the body of the sternum^[1] (the manubriosternal junction) in the form of a secondary cartilaginous joint (symphysis). This is also called the manubriosternal joint or Angle of Louis. The sternal angle is a palpable clinical landmark.

History

It is named after Pierre Charles Alexandre Louis, a French physician of the 19th century, who was one of the first to bring mathematics to medicine, disproving bloodletting as a practice by showing statistically that it did not work.

Anatomy

The sternal angle, which varies around 162 degrees in males,^[2] marks the approximate level of the 2nd pair of costal cartilages, which attach to the second ribs, and the level of the intervertebral disc between T4 and T5. The angle also marks a number of other features:

Boundary between the superior and inferior portion of the mediastinum
Passage of the thoracic duct from right to left behind esophagus
Aortic Arch
Tracheal Bifurcation
End of the azygos system into SVC
Ligamentum arteriosum
Loop of left recurrent laryngeal nerve around aortic arch
Aortic arch starts and ends

References

^ Dalley, Arthur F.; Moore, Keith L. Clinically Oriented Anatomy. Hagerstown, MD: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. ISBN 0-7817-5936-6.
^ Gray's Anatomy 40th edition. Chapter 54: Chest wall and breast: Churchill Livingstone Elsevier. 2008. p. 922. ISBN 978-0-8089-2371-8.

External links

SUNY Labs 18:st-0212 - "Thoracic Wall: Bones"
sternal+angle at eMedicine Dictionary

UpToDate Contents

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1. 胸骨創傷合併症の外科的マネージメント surgical management of sternal wound complications
2. Angle-closure glaucoma
3. Open-angle glaucoma: Treatment
4. Open-angle glaucoma: Epidemiology, clinical presentation, and diagnosis
5. 漏斗胸 pectus carinatum

English Journal

Spine surgeon's kinematics during discectomy, part II: Operating table height and visualization methods, including microscope.

Park JY, Kim KH, Kuh SU, Chin DK, Kim KS, Cho YE.Author information Department of Neurosurgery, Gangnam Severance Hospital, The Spine and Spinal Cord Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 211 Eonju-ro, Gangnam-gu, Seoul, 135-720, South Korea.AbstractPURPOSE: Surgeon spine angle during surgery was studied ergonomically and the kinematics of the surgeon's spine was related with musculoskeletal fatigue and pain. Spine angles varied depending on operation table height and visualization method, and in a previous paper we showed that the use of a loupe and a table height at the midpoint between the umbilicus and the sternum are optimal for reducing musculoskeletal loading. However, no studies have previously included a microscope as a possible visualization method. The objective of this study is to assess differences in surgeon spine angles depending on operating table height and visualization method, including microscope.
European spine journal : official publication of the European Spine Society, the European Spinal Deformity Society, and the European Section of the Cervical Spine Research Society.Eur Spine J.2013 Dec 24. [Epub ahead of print]
PURPOSE: Surgeon spine angle during surgery was studied ergonomically and the kinematics of the surgeon's spine was related with musculoskeletal fatigue and pain. Spine angles varied depending on operation table height and visualization method, and in a previous paper we showed that the use of a lou
PMID 24366356

Non-invasive evaluation of hemodynamics in pulmonary hypertension by a Septal angle measured by computed tomography pulmonary angiography: Comparison with right-heart catheterization and association with N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide.

Tang Q, Liu M, Ma Z, Guo X, Kuang T, Yang Y.Author information Department of Cardiology, Shougang Hospital, Peking University, Beijing 100144, P.R. China.AbstractThe septal angle, an angle between the interventricular septum and the line connecting the sternum midpoint and thoracic vertebral spinous process, as measured by computed tomographic pulmonary angiography (CTPA), has been observed to be increased in patients with pulmonary hypertension (PH), but its meaning remains unclear. The aim of this study was to investigate the potential role of the septal angle in evaluating hemodynamics and its association with N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) in patients with PH. Patients with PH (n=106), including 76 with chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension (CTEPH) and 30 with pulmonary artery hypertension (PAH), were retrospectively reviewed. The patients underwent CTPA prior to right-heart catheterization. The septal angle was measured on transversal CTPA images. Hemodynamic parameters were evaluated by right-heart catheterization. The level of plasma NT-proBNP was measured by enzyme-linked sandwich immunoassay. The septal angle had a moderate correlation with cardiac output (CO; r=-0.535, P=0.000) and a high correlation with pulmonary vascular resistance (PVR; r=0.642, P=0.000). The mean level of NT-proBNP in PH was 1,716.09±1,498.30 pg/ml, which correlated with the septal angle (r=0.693, P=0.000). In a stepwise forward regression analysis, the Septal angle was entered into the final equation for predicting PVR, leading to the following equation: PVR = 28.256 × Septal angle - 728.72. In CTEPH, the Septal angle strongly correlated with NT-proBNP (r=0.668, P=0.000) and PVR (r=0.676, P=0.000). In PAH, the Septal angle strongly correlated with NT-proBNP (r=0.616, P=0.003) and PVR (r=0.623, P=0.000). The CTPA-derived Septal angle is a superior predictor for evaluating and monitoring the level of NT-proBNP and PVR in patients with PH.
Experimental and therapeutic medicine.Exp Ther Med.2013 Dec;6(6):1350-1358. Epub 2013 Sep 30.
The septal angle, an angle between the interventricular septum and the line connecting the sternum midpoint and thoracic vertebral spinous process, as measured by computed tomographic pulmonary angiography (CTPA), has been observed to be increased in patients with pulmonary hypertension (PH), but it
PMID 24255661

Japanese Journal

2F13 人工血管置換術用ナビゲーションにおける骨格の点を用いたレジストレーション法の開発と臨床データを用いた誤差評価

バイオエンジニアリング講演会講演論文集 2016(28), "2F13-1"-"2F13-5", 2016-01-09
NAID 110010052214

肩関節水平屈曲角度変化が大胸筋の筋電図積分値相対値に及ぼす影響

関西理学療法 15(0), 45-48, 2015
NAID 130005119012

体表ランドマークを用いた穿刺後計測による小児内頚静脈カテーテル留置長の検討

日本臨床麻酔学会誌 35(4), 419-424, 2015
NAID 130005099635

「angle」

Sternal angle
	Lateral border of sternum.
	Anterior surface of sternum and costal cartilages. (Sternal angle not labeled, but visible at second costal cartilage.)
Latin	angulus sterni, angulus sternalis
Gray's	subject #27 121