サンディファー症候群
WordNet
- a pattern of symptoms indicative of some disease
- a complex of concurrent things; "every word has a syndrome of meanings"
PrepTutorEJDIC
- (疾患の徴候となる一群の)症徴候,症候群 / (事件・社会的状態などのパターンを示す)徴候形態
Wikipedia preview
出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2012/07/21 12:50:25」(JST)
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| Sandifer syndrome |
| Classification and external resources |
| DiseasesDB |
32983 |
| eMedicine |
ped/2039 |
Sandifer syndrome (or Sandifer's syndrome) is a [1][2] paediatric medical disorder, characterised by gastrointestinal symptoms and associated neurological features[2][3] There is a significant correlation between the syndrome and gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), however it is estimated to occur in less than 1% of children with reflux[4].
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Contents
- 1 Symptoms and signs
- 2 Diagnosis
- 3 Treatment
- 4 Prognosis
- 5 References
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Symptoms and signs
Onset is usually confined to infancy and early childhood[2], with peak prevalence at 18-36 months[4]. In rare cases, particularly where the child is severely mentally impaired, onset may extend to adolescence[4].
The classical symptoms of the syndrome are spasmodic torticollis and dystonia[4][3][5]. Nodding and rotation of the head, neck extension, gurgling, writhing movements of the limbs, and severe hypotonia have also been noted[3].
Spasms may last for 1-3 minutes and may occur up to 10 times a day. Ingestion of food is often associated with occurrence of symptoms; this may result in reluctance to feed. Associated symptoms, such as epigastric discomfort, vomiting (which may involve blood) and abnormal eye movements have been reported. Clinical signs may also include anaemia.[2]
Diagnosis
Diagnosis is made on the basis of the association of gastro-oesophageal reflux with the characteristic movement disorder. Neurological examination is usually normal. Misdiagnosis as benign infantile spasms or epileptic seizures is common, particularly where clear signs or symptoms of gastro-oesophageal reflux are not apparent. Early diagnosis is critical, as treatment is simple and leads to prompt resolution of the movement disorder.[2]
Treatment
Successful treatment of the associated underlying disorder, such as GERD or hiatal hernia, may provide relief[4].
Prognosis
Sandifer syndrome is not typically life-threatening[4] and prognosis is good[2].
References
- ^ http://rarediseases.info.nih.gov/GARD/Disease.aspx?PageID=4&diseaseID=9684
- ^ a b c d e f http://www.orpha.net/consor/cgi-bin/Disease_Search.php?lng=EN&data_id=10994&Disease_Disease_Search_diseaseGroup=sandifer&Disease_Disease_Search_diseaseType=Pat&Disease(s)%20concerned=Sandifer-syndrome&title=Sandifer-syndrome&search=Disease_Search_Simple
- ^ a b c http://jnnp.bmj.com/cgi/content/full/66/6/805
- ^ a b c d e f http://www.emedicine.com/PED/topic2039.htm
- ^ http://www.medscape.com/viewarticle/410654_3
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Digestive system · Digestive disease · Gastroenterology (primarily K20–K93, 530–579)
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| Upper GI tract |
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Esophagus
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Esophagitis (Candidal, Herpetiform) · Rupture (Boerhaave syndrome, Mallory-Weiss syndrome) · UES (Zenker's diverticulum) · LES (Barrett's esophagus) · Esophageal motility disorder (Nutcracker esophagus, Achalasia, Diffuse esophageal spasm, Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD)) · Laryngopharyngeal reflux (LPR) · Esophageal stricture · Megaesophagus
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Stomach
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Gastritis (Atrophic, Ménétrier's disease, Gastroenteritis) · Peptic (gastric) ulcer (Cushing ulcer, Dieulafoy's lesion) · Dyspepsia · Pyloric stenosis · Achlorhydria · Gastroparesis · Gastroptosis · Portal hypertensive gastropathy · Gastric antral vascular ectasia · Gastric dumping syndrome · Gastric volvulus
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Lower GI tract:
Intestinal/
Enteropathy |
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Small intestine
(Duodenum/Jejunum/Ileum)
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Enteritis (Duodenitis, Jejunitis, Ileitis) • Peptic (duodenal) ulcer (Curling's ulcer) • Malabsorption: Coeliac · Tropical sprue · Blind loop syndrome · Small bowel bacterial overgrowth syndrome · Whipple's · Short bowel syndrome · Steatorrhea · Milroy disease · bile acid malabsorption
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Large intestine
(Appendix/Colon)
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Appendicitis · Colitis (Pseudomembranous, Ulcerative, Ischemic, Microscopic, Collagenous, Lymphocytic) · Functional colonic disease (IBS, Intestinal pseudoobstruction / Ogilvie syndrome) • Megacolon / Toxic megacolon · Diverticulitis/Diverticulosis
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Large and/or small
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Enterocolitis (Necrotizing) · IBD (Crohn's disease) • Vascular: Abdominal angina · Mesenteric ischemia · Angiodysplasia • Bowel obstruction: Ileus · Intussusception · Volvulus · Fecal impaction • Constipation · Diarrhea (Infectious) · Intestinal adhesions
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Rectum
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Proctitis (Radiation proctitis) · Proctalgia fugax · Rectal prolapse · Anismus
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Anal canal
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Anal fissure/Anal fistula · Anal abscess · Anal dysplasia · Pruritus ani
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| GI bleeding/BIS |
Upper (Hematemesis, Melena) · Lower (Hematochezia)
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| Accessory |
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Liver
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Hepatitis (Viral hepatitis, Autoimmune hepatitis, Alcoholic hepatitis) · Cirrhosis (PBC) · Fatty liver (NASH) · Vascular (Budd-Chiari syndrome, Hepatic veno-occlusive disease, Portal hypertension, Nutmeg liver) · Alcoholic liver disease · Liver failure (Hepatic encephalopathy, Acute liver failure) · Liver abscess (Pyogenic, Amoebic) · Hepatorenal syndrome · Peliosis hepatis
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Gallbladder
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Cholecystitis · Gallstones/Cholecystolithiasis · Cholesterolosis · Rokitansky-Aschoff sinuses · Postcholecystectomy syndrome · Porcelain gallbladder
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Bile duct/
Other biliary tree
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Cholangitis (PSC, Secondary sclerosing cholangitis, Ascending) · Cholestasis/Mirizzi's syndrome · Biliary fistula · Haemobilia · Gallstones/Cholelithiasis
Common bile duct (Choledocholithiasis, Biliary dyskinesia) · Sphincter of Oddi dysfunction
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Pancreatic
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Pancreatitis (Acute, Chronic, Hereditary, Pancreatic abscess) · Pancreatic pseudocyst · Exocrine pancreatic insufficiency · Pancreatic fistula
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| Abdominopelvic |
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Hernia
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Diaphragmatic (Congenital) · Hiatus
Inguinal (Indirect, Direct) · Umbilical · Femoral · Obturator · Spigelian
Lumbar (Petit's, Grynfeltt-Lesshaft)
Undefined location (Incisional · Internal hernia)
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Peritoneal
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Peritonitis (Spontaneous bacterial peritonitis) · Hemoperitoneum · Pneumoperitoneum
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anat(t, g, p)/phys/devp/enzy
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noco/cong/tumr, sysi/epon
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proc, drug(A2A/2B/3/4/5/6/7/14/16), blte
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UpToDate Contents
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English Journal
- Refractory head movements secondary to Sandifer syndrome treated with enteral feeding.
- Movement disorders : official journal of the Movement Disorder Society." abstractLink="yes" alsec="jour" alterm="Mov Disord.2010 Aug 15;25(11):1754-5.
- PMID 20589878
- [Feeding disorders, ALTE syndrome, Sandifer syndrome and gastroesophageal reflux disease in the course of food hypersensitivity in 8-month old infant].
- Iwa?czak B, Mowszet K, Iwa?czak F.SourceAkademia Medyczna we Wroc?awiu, II Katedra i Klinika Pediatrii, Gastroenterologii i Zywienia. barbara@iwanczak.com
- Polski merkuriusz lekarski : organ Polskiego Towarzystwa Lekarskiego." abstractLink="yes" alsec="jour" alterm="Pol Merkur Lekarski.2010 Jul;29(169):44-6.
- This paper describes the occurrence of feeding disorders, atopic dermatitis, life-threatening symptoms, Sandifer syndrome, and gastroesophageal reflux disease in 8-month old infant in the course of food hypersensitivity. Used in the treatment of cow's milk protein hydrolysates with a considerable de
- PMID 20712248
Japanese Journal
- Unusual symptom of intestinal malrotation : Episodic cervical dystonia due to Sandifer syndrome
- FIRAT AHMET KEMAL,KARAKAS HAKKI MUAMMER,FIRAT YEZDAN,YAKINCI CENGIZ
- Pediatrics international : official journal of the Japan Pediatric Society 49(4), 519-521, 2007-08-01
- NAID 10019814971
- Sandifer Syndrome : A continuing problem of misdiagnosis
- KABAKUS NIMET,KURT ABDULLAH
- Pediatrics international : official journal of the Japan Pediatric Society 48(6), 622-625, 2006-12-01
- NAID 10019261193
Related Links
- Sandifer syndrome (or Sandifer's syndrome) is a rare paediatric medical disorder , characterised by gastrointestinal symptoms and associated neurological features There is a significant correlation between the syndrome and ...
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