オシマム、ボウキ属、オシマム属、Ocimum属
WordNet
- basil (同)genus Ocimum
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出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2014/12/25 15:24:44」(JST)
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| Ocimum |
|
| Ocimum basilicum |
| Scientific classification |
| Kingdom: |
Plantae |
| (unranked): |
Angiosperms |
| (unranked): |
Eudicots |
| (unranked): |
Asterids |
| Order: |
Lamiales |
| Family: |
Lamiaceae |
| Subfamily: |
Nepetoideae |
| Tribe: |
Ocimeae |
| Genus: |
Ocimum
L.[1] |
| Synonyms[2] |
- Becium Lindl.
- Erythrochlamys Gürke
- Hyperaspis Briq.
- Nautochilus Bremek.
|
Ocimum is a genus of aromatic annual and perennial herbs and shrubs in the family Lamiaceae, native to the tropical and warm temperate regions of all 6 inhabited continents, with the greatest number of species in Africa.[2] Its best known species are the cooking herb Cooking basil, O. basilicum and the medicinal herb Tulsi (holy basil) , O. tenuiflorum.
Contents
- 1 Cultivation and uses
- 1.1 Hybrids
- 1.2 Formerly placed here
- 2 Ecology
- 3 See also
- 4 References
Cultivation and uses
Most culinary and ornamental basils are cultivars of Ocimum basilicum and there are many hybrids between species. Thai basil (O. basilicum var. thyrsiflora) is a common ingredient in Thai cuisine, with a strong flavour similar to aniseed, used to flavour Thai curries and stir-fries. Amazonian basil (O. campechianum) is a South American variety often utilized in ayahuasca rituals for its smell which is said to help avoid bad visions.[3] Holy Basil or Tulsi (O. tenuiflorum) is a sacred herb in India, used in teas, healing remedies, and cosmetics. The plant is worshiped as dear to Vishnu in some sects of Vaishnavism. It is also used in Thai cooking. Lemon Basil (Ocimum × citriodorum) is a hybrid between O. americanum and O. basilicum. It is noted for its lemon flavour and used in cooking. O. centraliafricanum is valued as an indicator species for the presence of copper deposits.
- Species[2]
- Ocimum × africanum Lour. - Africa, Madagascar, China, Indian Subcontinent, Indochina; naturalized in Guatemala, Chiapas, Netherlands Antilles, eastern Brazil
- Ocimum americanum L. (tropical Africa), Indian Subcontinent, China, Southeast Asia; naturalized in Queensland, Christmas Island, and parts of tropical America
- Ocimum amicorum A.J.Paton - Tanzania
- Ocimum angustifolium Benth. - southeastern Africa from Kenya to Tranasvaal
- Ocimum basilicum L. – Basil, Sweet basil - China, Indian Subcontinent, Southeast Asia; naturalized in Russia, Ukraine, Africa, Mexico, Central America, South America, and various oceanic islands
- Ocimum burchellianum Benth. - Cape Province of South Africa
- Ocimum campechianum Mill. – Amazonian basil - widespread across Florida, Mexico, West Indies, Central and South America
- Ocimum canescens A.J.Paton - Tanzania
- Ocimum carnosum (Spreng.) Link & Otto ex Benth. - Mexico, South America
- Ocimum centraliafricanum R.E.Fr - Zaïre, Tanzania, Zambia, Zimbabwe
- Ocimum circinatum A.J.Paton - Ethiopia, Somalia
- Ocimum coddii (S.D.Williams & K.Balkwill) A.J.Paton - Northern Province of South Africa
- Ocimum cufodontii (Lanza) A.J.Paton - Ethiopia, Somalia, Kenya
- Ocimum dambicola A.J.Paton - Tanzania, Zambia
- Ocimum decumbens Gürke - from Zaïre to South Africa
- Ocimum dhofarense (Sebald) A.J.Paton - Oman
- Ocimum dolomiticola A.J.Paton - Northern Province of South Africa
- Ocimum ellenbeckii Gürke - Ethiopia, Zaïre
- Ocimum empetroides (P.A.Duvign.) ined. - Zaïre
- Ocimum ericoides (P.A.Duvign. & Plancke) A.J.Paton - Zaïre
- Ocimum filamentosum Forssk. - eastern + southern Africa, Arabian Peninsula, India, Sri Lanka, Myanmar
- Ocimum fimbriatum Briq. - central Africa
- Ocimum fischeri Gürke - Kenya, Tanzania
- Ocimum formosum Gürke - Bale Province of Ethiopia
- Ocimum forskoelei Benth. - eastern Africa from Egypt to Kenya, Angola, Arabian Peninsula
- Ocimum fruticosum (Ryding) A.J.Paton - Somalia
- Ocimum grandiflorum Lam. - Kenya, Tanzania, Ethiopia
- Ocimum gratissimum L. – African basil - Africa, Madagascar, southern Asia, Bismarck Archipelago; naturalized in Polynesia, Mexico, Panama, West Indies, Brazil, Bolivia
- Ocimum hirsutissimum (P.A.Duvign.) A.J.Paton - Zaïre
- Ocimum irvinei J.K.Morton - West Africa
- Ocimum jamesii Sebald - Ethiopia, Somalia
- Ocimum kenyense Ayob. ex A.J.Paton - Kenya, Tanzania
- Ocimum kilimandscharicum Baker ex Gürke – Camphor basil - Kenya, Tanzania, Uganda, Sudan, Ethiopia; naturalized in Angola, India, Myanmar, Thailand
- Ocimum labiatum (N.E.Br.) A.J.Paton - Mozambique, South Africa, Swaziland
- Ocimum lamiifolium Hochst. ex Benth - eastern + central Africa
- Ocimum masaiense Ayob. ex A.J.Paton - Ngong Hills in Kenya
- Ocimum mearnsii (Ayob. ex Sebald) A.J.Paton - Kenya, Tanzania, Uganda
- Ocimum metallorum (P.A.Duvign.) A.J.Paton - Zaïre
- Ocimum minimum L. - India, Sri Lanka
- Ocimum minutiflorum (Sebald) A.J.Paton - eastern + central Africa
- Ocimum mitwabense (Ayob.) A.J.Paton - Zaïre
- Ocimum monocotyloides (Plancke ex Ayob.) A.J.Paton - Zaïre
- Ocimum motjaneanum McCallum & K.Balkwill - Swaziland
- Ocimum natalense Ayob. ex A.J.Paton - Mozambique, KwaZulu-Natal
- Ocimum nudicaule Benth. - Brazil, Paraguay, Misiones Province of Argentina
- Ocimum nummularia (S.Moore) A.J.Paton - Somalia
- Ocimum obovatum E.Mey. ex Benth. - tropical Africa, Madagascar
- Ocimum ovatum Benth. - Brazil, Paraguay, Uruguay, Argentina
- Ocimum pseudoserratum (M.R.Ashby) A.J.Paton - Northern Province of South Africa
- Ocimum pyramidatum (A.J.Paton) A.J.Paton - Tanzania
- Ocimum reclinatum (S.D.Williams & M.Balkwill) A.J.Paton - Mozambique, KwaZulu-Natal
- Ocimum serpyllifolium Forssk. - Somalia, Yemen, Saudi Arabia
- Ocimum serratum (Schltr.) A.J.Paton - South Africa, Swaziland
- Ocimum somaliense Briq. - Ethiopia
- Ocimum spectabile (Gürke) A.J.Paton - Ethiopia, Tanzania, Kenya, Somalia
- Ocimum spicatum Deflers - Ethiopia, Yemen, Kenya, Somalia
- Ocimum tenuiflorum L. – Holy Basil, Tulsi - China, Indian Subcontinent, Southeast Asia, New Guinea, Queensland; naturalized in Kenya, Fiji, French Polynesia, West Indies, Venezuela
- Ocimum transamazonicum C.Pereira - Brazil
- Ocimum tubiforme (R.D.Good) A.J.Paton - Northern Province of South Africa
- Ocimum urundense Robyns & Lebrun - Burundi, Tanzania
- Ocimum vandenbrandei (P.A.Duvign. & Plancke ex Ayob.) A.J.Paton - Marungu Province in Zaïre
- Ocimum vanderystii (De Wild.) A.W.Hill. - Zaïre , Congo-Brazzaville, Angola, Zambia
- Ocimum viphyense A.J.Paton - Malawi, Zambia
- Ocimum waterbergense (S.D.Williams & K.Balkwill) A.J.Paton - Northern Province of South Africa
Hybrids
- Ocimum × citriodorum (O. americanum × O. basilicum) – Lemon basil
- Ocimum kilimandscharicum × basilicum 'Dark Opal' – African blue basil
Formerly placed here
- Basilicum polystachyon (L.) Moench (as O. polystachyon L.)
- Isodon inflexus (Thunb.) Kudô (as O. inflexum Thunb.)
- Frankenia salina (Molina) I.M.Johnst. (as O. salinum Molina)
- Mosla scabra (Thunb.) C.Y.Wu & H.W.Li (as O. punctulatum J.F.Gmel. and O. scabrum Thunb.)
- Orthosiphon aristatus (Blume) Miq. (as O. aristatum Blume)
- Perilla frutescens var. crispa (Thunb.) W.Deane (as O. crispum Thunb.)
- Perilla frutescens var. frutescens (as O. frutescens L.)
- Plectranthus scutellarioides (L.) R.Br. (as O. scutellarioides L.)
Ecology
Ocimum species are used as food plants by the larvae of some Lepidoptera species including Endoclita malabaricus.
See also
- List of basil cultivars
- Basil
References
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Wikimedia Commons has media related to Ocimum. |
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Wikispecies has information related to: Ocimum |
- ^ "Genus: Ocimum L.". Germplasm Resources Information Network. United States Department of Agriculture. 2004-09-10. Retrieved 2014-01-03.
- ^ a b c Kew World Checklist of Selected Plant Families
- ^ Steele, John J. (2006). "Perfumeros and the Sacred Use of Fragrance in Amazonian Shamanism". In Jim Drobnick. The Smell Culture Reader. Berg Publishers. p. 230.
English Journal
- Anti-cryptococcal activity of ethanol crude extract and hexane fraction from Ocimum basilicum var. Maria bonita: mechanisms of action and synergism with amphotericin B and Ocimum basilicum essential oil.
- Cardoso NN1,2, Alviano CS1,2, Blank AF3, Arrigoni-Blank MF3, Romanos MT1, Cunha MM1, da Silva AJ4, Alviano DS1.
- Pharmaceutical biology.Pharm Biol.2017 Dec;55(1):1380-1388. doi: 10.1080/13880209.2017.1302483.
- PMID 28317465
- Assessment of N2O emissions from a fertilised vegetable cropping soil under different plant residue management strategies using 15N tracing techniques.
- Rezaei Rashti M1, Wang WJ2, Chen CR3, Reeves SH4, Scheer C5.
- The Science of the total environment.Sci Total Environ.2017 Nov 15;598:479-487. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.04.030. Epub 2017 Apr 25.
- PMID 28448937
- Formulation development and evaluation of antimicrobial polyherbal gel.
- Bhinge SD1, Bhutkar MA2, Randive DS2, Wadkar GH2, Todkar SS2, Kakade PM2, Kadam PM2.
- Annales pharmaceutiques francaises.Ann Pharm Fr.2017 Sep;75(5):349-358. doi: 10.1016/j.pharma.2017.04.006. Epub 2017 Jun 2.
- PMID 28583316
Japanese Journal
- Biological effects of Ocimum gratissimum L. are due to synergic action among multiple compounds present in essential oil
- GALINDO Luciane Almeida,DE MORAES PULTRINI Aline,COSTA Mirtes
- Journal of natural medicines 64(4), 436-441, 2010-11-20
- NAID 10027710480
- Antihypertensive effects of Ocimum basilicum L. (OBL) on blood pressure in renovascular hypertensive rats
- UMAR Anwar,IMAM Guzelnur,YIMIN Wuliya,KERIM Parht,TOHTI Ibadet,BERKE Benedicte,MOORE Nicholas
- Hypertension research : clinical and experimental : official journal of the Japanese Society of Hypertension 33(7), 727-730, 2010-07-01
- NAID 10026520449
Related Links
- Ocimum Biosolutions is a leading integrated global genomics outsourcing partner with solutions spanning Bioresearch Design and Execution; Data Analytics and Insights and Laboratory Sample & Data Management. ... Our Data ...
- ＜学術名＞ ocimum sanctum ＜マレー名＞ SELASIH （セラッシ） ＜日本名＞ カミボウキ ＜英名＞ Holy basil(ホーリーバジル） ＜アーユルベーダ名＞ tulasi <飲まれ方> ・免疫力 ・抗酸化力 ・発熱や身体の痛みに ・咳やカゼ ・神経系強化 ...
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- Ocimum
- 関
- メボウキ属、Ocimum属、オシマム属
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- ラ
- Ocimum
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- メボウキ属、Ocimum属、オシマム
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- ラ
- Ocimum
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- Ocimum属、オシマム属、オシマム
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スイートバジル、バジル、メボウキ
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- basil、sweet basil
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- ラ
- Ocimum
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- メボウキ属、オシマム属、オシマム