WordNet
- a pattern of symptoms indicative of some disease
- a complex of concurrent things; "every word has a syndrome of meanings"
- British political cartoonist (born in New Zealand) who created the character Colonel Blimp (1891-1963) (同)David Low, Sir David Low, Sir David Alexander Cecil Low
PrepTutorEJDIC
- (疾患の徴候となる一群の)症徴候,症候群 / (事件・社会的状態などのパターンを示す)徴候形態
Wikipedia preview
出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2016/04/28 05:46:59」(JST)
[Wiki en表示]
| Lown–Ganong–Levine syndrome |
| Classification and external resources |
| Specialty |
cardiology |
| ICD-10 |
I45.6 |
| ICD-9-CM |
426.81 |
| OMIM |
108950 |
| DiseasesDB |
7599 |
| eMedicine |
med/2954 |
| MeSH |
D008151 |
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[edit on Wikidata]
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Lown–Ganong–Levine syndrome (LGL) is a pre-excitation syndrome of the heart due to abnormal electrical communication between the atria and the ventricles. Once thought to involve an accessory conduction pathway, it is grouped with Wolff–Parkinson–White syndrome as an atrioventricular re-entrant tachycardia (AVRT). Individuals with LGL syndrome have a short PR interval with normal QRS complexes and paroxysms of clinically-significant tachycardia. The syndrome is named after Bernard Lown, William Francis Ganong, Jr., and Samuel A. Levine.[1][2]
Individuals with a short PR interval found incidentally on EKG were once thought to have LGL syndrome. However, subsequent studies have shown that a short PR interval in the absence of symptomatic tachycardia is simply a benign EKG variant.
Contents
- 1 Pathophysiology
- 2 Diagnosis
- 3 Prognosis
- 4 See also
- 5 References
Pathophysiology
Unlike WPW syndrome, the pathophysiology underlying LGL syndrome is poorly understood. The syndrome was once thought to involve an accessory pathway (bundle of James) that connects the atria directly to the bundle of His. However, EP studies have been unable to identify a single accessory pathway or structural abnormality in all individuals with LGL syndrome. Therefore, most consider the disorder to be a clinical syndrome with multiple different underlying etiologies, all involving some form of intranodal or paranodal fibers that bypass all or part of the atrioventricular (AV) node with subsequent conduction down the normal His-Purkinje system.
Diagnosis
LGL syndrome is diagnosed on the basis of the surface EKG in a symptomatic individual with a PR interval less than or equal to 0.12 second (120 ms) with normal QRS complex configuration and duration. It can be distinguished from WPW syndrome because the delta waves seen in WPW syndrome are not seen in LGL syndrome. It is a clinical diagnosis that came about before the advent of electrophysiology studies.
Prognosis
Individuals with LGL syndrome do not carry an increased risk of sudden death. The only morbidity associated with the syndrome is the occurrence of paroxysmal episodes of tachycardia which may be of several types, including sinus tachycardia, supraventricular tachycardia, atrial fibrillation, atrial flutter, or even ventricular tachycardia.[3]
See also
- Wolff–Parkinson–White syndrome
- Premature ventricular contraction
- Cardiac electrophysiology
- Electrocardiogram
- Electrophysiology study
References
- ^ Rull G (2009). "Lown–Ganong–Levine Syndrome". Patient UK. EMIS. Retrieved 2011-05-29.
- ^ Lown B, Ganong WF, Levine SA (May 1952). "The syndrome of short P-R interval, normal QRS complex and paroxysmal rapid heart action". Circulation 5 (5): 693–706. doi:10.1161/01.cir.5.5.693. PMID 14926053.
- ^ Wiener, Isaac (Sep 1, 1983). "Syndromes of Lown-Ganong-Levine and enhanced atrioventricular nodal conduction". Am J Cardiol 52 (5): 637–639.
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Cardiovascular disease I00–I52, 390–429
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| Ischaemic |
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Coronary disease
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- Coronary artery disease (CAD)
- Coronary artery aneurysm
- Coronary artery dissection
- Coronary thrombosis
- Coronary vasospasm
- Myocardial bridge
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Active ischemia
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- Angina pectoris
- Prinzmetal's angina
- Stable angina
- Acute coronary syndrome
- Myocardial infarction
- Unstable angina
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Sequelae
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- hours
- Hibernating myocardium
- Myocardial stunning
- days
- weeks
- Aneurysm of heart / Ventricular aneurysm
- Dressler syndrome
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| Layers |
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Pericardium
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- Pericarditis
- Acute
- Chronic / Constrictive
- Pericardial effusion
- Cardiac tamponade
- Hemopericardium
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Myocardium
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- Myocarditis
- Cardiomyopathy: Dilated (Alcoholic), Hypertrophic, and Restrictive
- Loeffler endocarditis
- Cardiac amyloidosis
- Endocardial fibroelastosis
- Arrhythmogenic right ventricular dysplasia
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Endocardium /
valves
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Endocarditis
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- infective endocarditis
- Subacute bacterial endocarditis
- non-infective endocarditis
- Libman–Sacks endocarditis
- Nonbacterial thrombotic endocarditis
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Valves
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- mitral
- regurgitation
- prolapse
- stenosis
- aortic
- tricuspid
- pulmonary
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Conduction /
arrhythmia |
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Bradycardia
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- Sinus bradycardia
- Sick sinus syndrome
- Heart block: Sinoatrial
- AV
- Intraventricular
- Bundle branch block
- Right
- Left
- Left anterior fascicle
- Left posterior fascicle
- Bifascicular
- Trifascicular
- Adams–Stokes syndrome
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Tachycardia
(paroxysmal and sinus)
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Supraventricular
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- Atrial
- Junctional
- AV nodal reentrant
- Junctional ectopic
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Ventricular
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- Accelerated idioventricular rhythm
- Catecholaminergic polymorphic
- Torsades de pointes
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Premature contraction
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- Atrial
- Junctional
- Ventricular
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Pre-excitation syndrome
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- Lown–Ganong–Levine
- Wolff–Parkinson–White
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Flutter / fibrillation
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- Atrial flutter
- Ventricular flutter
- Atrial fibrillation
- Ventricular fibrillation
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Pacemaker
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- Ectopic pacemaker / Ectopic beat
- Multifocal atrial tachycardia
- Pacemaker syndrome
- Parasystole
- Wandering pacemaker
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Long QT syndrome
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- Andersen–Tawil
- Jervell and Lange-Nielsen
- Romano–Ward
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Cardiac arrest
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- Sudden cardiac death
- Asystole
- Pulseless electrical activity
- Sinoatrial arrest
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Other / ungrouped
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- hexaxial reference system
- Right axis deviation
- Left axis deviation
- QT
- T
- ST
- Osborn wave
- ST elevation
- ST depression
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| Cardiomegaly |
- Ventricular hypertrophy
- Left
- Right / Cor pulmonale
- Atrial enlargement
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| Other |
- Cardiac fibrosis
- Heart failure
- Diastolic heart failure
- Cardiac asthma
- Rheumatic fever
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UpToDate Contents
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English Journal
- [53-year-old woman with paroxysmal tachycardia].
- Kleineberg N, Nia AM, Gassanov N, Er F.SourceKlinik III für Innere Medizin, Herzzentrum der Universität zu Köln.
- Deutsche medizinische Wochenschrift (1946).Dtsch Med Wochenschr.2013 Jan;138(3):89-90. doi: 10.1055/s-0032-1327209. Epub 2013 Jan 8.
- PMID 23299344
- Decreased inward rectification of Kir2.1 channels is a novel mechanism underlying the short QT syndrome.
- Casini S, Postma AV.
- Cardiovascular research.Cardiovasc Res.2012 Mar 15;93(4):535-6. doi: 10.1093/cvr/cvs084. Epub 2012 Feb 5.
- PMID 22311718
Japanese Journal
- Lown-Ganong-Levine Syndrome in a Patient with Hyperthyroidism
- Ishigaki Sugako,Higa Satoshi,Maesato Akira,Chinen Ichiro,Lin Yenn-Jiang,Tatsu Kazuhito,Obunai Kotaro,Uechi Yoichi,Sugama Moriichi,Masuzaki Hiroaki,Chen Shih-Ann
- Journal of Arrhythmia 27(Supplement), PE4_100-PE4_100, 2011
- … However, the electrophysiological characteristics of preexcitation syndrome under hyperthyroid condition are unknown. … We experienced Lown-Ganong-Levine Syndrome (LGLS) in a 49-year-old woman with Graves’ hyperthyroidism. …
- NAID 130002129748
- Supraventricular tachycardia in a patient with Lown-Ganong-Levine syndrome associated with apical hypertrophic cardiomyopathy.
- HAYANO Motonobu,IMAMURA Yoichi,TSURUTA Mitsuhiro,INOUE Jun-ichi,NAKASHIMA Hiroshi,FUKUYAMA Kuniaki,EGUCHI Yoshiki,TSUJI Shinsuke,MATSUO Shuzo,YANO Katsusuke
- Ｊａｐａｎｅｓｅ Ｈｅａｒｔ Ｊｏｕｒｎａｌ 29(2), 249-256, 1988
- … Electrophysiologic study of a 55-year-old patient with Lown-Ganong-Levine syndrome associated with apical hypertrophic cardiomyopathy is reported. … To our knowledge, a case of Lown-Ganong-Levine syndrome with apical hypertrophic cardiomyopathy has not been previously described in the literature. …
- NAID 130000765037
Related Links
- Lown-Ganong-Levine Syndrome. The Lown-Ganong-Levine syndrome (LGL) is a clinical syndrome consisting of paroxysms of tachycardia and electrocardiogram (ECG) findings of a short PR interval and normal QRS ...
- Lown-Ganong-Levine syndrome (LGL) [loun′ gənong′ ləvēn′] Etymology: Bernard Lown, American physician, b. 1921; William F. Ganong, American physiologist, b. 1924; S.A. Levine, American physician, 1891-1966 a disorder of the ...
Related Pictures
★リンクテーブル★
[★]
- 英
- Lown-Ganong-Levine syndrome, LGL syndrome
- 同
- Lown-Ganong-Levine症候群, LGL症候群、ローン・ガノン・レヴァイン症候群
- 関
- 早期興奮症候群、ジェームス束、発作性上室頻拍、PQ間隔
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[★]
- 英
- Lown-Ganong-Levine syndrome
- 関
- ラウン・ギャノン・レバイン症候群
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