ムラサキ
WordNet
- annual or perennial herbaceous or shrubby plants; cosmopolitan except Australia (同)genus Lithospermum
Wikipedia preview
出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア(Wikipedia)』「2015/01/10 17:48:28」(JST)
[Wiki en表示]
Lithospermum erythrorhizon |
|
Leaves |
Scientific classification |
Kingdom: |
Plantae |
(unranked): |
Angiosperms |
(unranked): |
Eudicots |
(unranked): |
Asterids |
Order: |
(unplaced) |
Family: |
Boraginaceae |
Subfamily: |
Boraginoideae |
Genus: |
Lithospermum |
Species: |
L. erythrorhizon |
Binomial name |
Lithospermum erythrorhizon
Siebold & Zucc. 1846 |
Lithospermum erythrorhizon, with flowers
Lithospermum erythrorhizon, the purple gromwell, red-root gromwell, 紫草 zicao (Pinyin: zǐcǎo), 紫草 murasaki・sō (Japanese) is a plant species in the genus Lithospermum.
The dried root of Lithospermum erythrorhizon (lithospermum root or Lithospermi Radix, Kanji: 紫根, Katakana: シコン, Pinyin: zǐ gēn, Traditional Chinese: 紫根, Simplified Chinese: 紫根) is a Chinese herbal medicine with various antiviral and biological activities, including inhibition of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1).[1][2]
Contents
- 1 Biochemistry
- 2 See also
- 3 References
- 4 External links
Biochemistry
The enzyme 4-hydroxybenzoate geranyltransferase utilizes geranyl diphosphate and 4-hydroxybenzoate to produce 3-geranyl-4-hydroxybenzoate and diphosphate. Biosynthetically, alkannin is produced in plants from the intermediates 4-hydroxybenzoic acid and geranyl pyrophosphate. This enzyme is involved in shikonin biosynthesis.
The enzyme geranylhydroquinone 3''-hydroxylase uses geranylhydroquinone, NADPH, H+ and O2 to produce 3-hydroxygeranylhydroquinone, NADP+ and H2O.
See also
References
- ^ Chen, X., et al. (2003). Shikonin, a component of Chinese herbal medicine, inhibits chemokine receptor function and suppresses human immunodeficiency virus type 1. Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy 47(9), 2810-16.
- ^ Gao, H., et al. (2011). Anti-adenovirus activities of shikonin, a component of Chinese herbal medicine in vitro. Biol Pharm Bull. 34(2) 197-202.
External links
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Wikispecies has information related to: Lithospermum erythrorhizon |
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Wikimedia Commons has media related to Lithospermum erythrorhizon. |
English Journal
- In vitro induction of erythrocyte phosphatidylserine translocation by the natural naphthoquinone shikonin.
- Lupescu A1, Bissinger R2, Jilani K3, Lang F4.
- Toxins.Toxins (Basel).2014 May 13;6(5):1559-74. doi: 10.3390/toxins6051559.
- Shikonin, the most important component of Lithospermum erythrorhizon, has previously been shown to exert antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antithrombotic, antiviral, antimicrobial and anticancer effects. The anticancer effect has been attributed to the stimulation of suicidal cell death or apoptosis.
- PMID 24828755
- Shikonin targets cytosolic thioredoxin reductase to induce ROS-mediated apoptosis in human promyelocytic leukemia HL-60 cells.
- Duan D1, Zhang B1, Yao J1, Liu Y1, Fang J2.
- Free radical biology & medicine.Free Radic Biol Med.2014 May;70:182-93. doi: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2014.02.016. Epub 2014 Feb 26.
- Shikonin, a major active component of the Chinese herbal plant Lithospermum erythrorhizon, has been applied for centuries in traditional Chinese medicine. Although shikonin demonstrates potent anticancer efficacy in numerous types of human cancer cells, the cellular targets of shikonin have not been
- PMID 24583460
- Shikonin suppresses IL-17-induced VEGF expression via blockage of JAK2/STAT3 pathway.
- Xu Y1, Xu X1, Gao X1, Chen H1, Geng L2.
- International immunopharmacology.Int Immunopharmacol.2014 Apr;19(2):327-33. doi: 10.1016/j.intimp.2014.01.027. Epub 2014 Feb 9.
- IL-17 signaling in keratinocytes plays an important role in psoriasis, which is a benign, chronic skin disease characterized by keratinocytes hyperproliferation and increased dermal vascularity. Shikonin, isolated from the traditional medical herbs Lithospermum erythrorhizon, has long been found to
- PMID 24521871
Japanese Journal
- キラルカラムを用いたshikonin類の分析と、硬紫根、軟紫根におけるshikonin類の光学異性体比の特徴を利用した(R)-shikonin及び(S)-shikoninの効率的生産
- 松本 恵実,牧岡 富広,柳瀬 笑子,中塚 進一
- 日本食品化学学会誌 21(1), 65-71, 2014-04-25
- … "Koshikon" (the roots of Lithospermum erythrorhizon) and "Nanshikon" (the roots of Arnebia euchroma) have been used as natural dye and medicine. …
- NAID 110009810367
- キラルカラムを用いたshikonin類の分析と、硬紫根、軟紫根におけるshikonin類の光学異性体比の特徴を利用した(R)-shikonin及び(S)-shikoninの効率的生産
- ムラサキ(Lithospermum erythrorhizon)苗生産法の開発
Related Links
- ムラサキの生態,分布,特徴,名前の由来,用法,薬効,有効成分,生薬名を詳細に解説。 植物名一覧(植物一覧表)(薬草図鑑)では薬草から山菜,山野草,野草,樹木,高山植物の 生態,分布,特徴,名前の由来を詳細に解説。漢方薬の用法,有効成分,配合を解説。薬草 の ...
- The dried root of Lithospermum erythrorhizon is a Chinese herbal medicine with various antiviral and biological activities, ... Lithospermum leaves are eaten by the caterpillars of certain Lepidoptera, such as the moth Ethmia pusiella which has ...
Related Pictures
★リンクテーブル★
[★]
- ラ
- Lithospermum erythrorhizon
[★]
ムラサキ属、リソスペルマム属、Lithospermum属
- 関
- Boraginaceae