関: yam

WordNet

yams (同)genus Dioscorea
any of a number of tropical vines of the genus Dioscorea many having edible tuberous roots (同)yam plant
edible tuber of any of several yams
edible tuberous root of various yam plants of the genus Dioscorea grown in the tropics world-wide for food
sweet potato with deep orange flesh that remains moist when baked
yams (同)family Dioscoreaceae, yam family

PrepTutorEJDIC

ヤム(熱帯産のつる植物);その根(食用) / 《米》サツマイモ

Wikipedia preview

出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2013/11/08 18:00:21」(JST)

wiki en

[Wiki en表示]

Dioscorea is a genus of over 600 species of flowering plants in the family Dioscoreaceae, native throughout the tropical and warm temperate regions of the world. The vast majority of the species are tropical, with only a few species extending into temperate climates. It is named after the ancient Greek physician and botanist Dioscorides.

They are tuberous herbaceous perennial lianas, growing to 2–12 m or more tall. The leaves are spirally arranged, mostly broad heart-shaped. The flowers are individually inconspicuous, greenish-yellow, with six petals; they are mostly dioecious, with separate male and female plants, though a few species are monoecious, with male and female flowers on the same plant. The fruit is a capsule in most species, a soft berry in a few species.

Several species, known as yams, are important agricultural crops in tropical regions, grown for their large tubers. Many of these are toxic when fresh, but can be detoxified and eaten, and are particularly important in parts of Africa, Asia, and Oceania (see yam article).

One class of toxins found in many species is steroidal saponins, which can be converted through a series of chemical reactions into steroid hormones for use in medicine and as contraceptives.

Selected species[edit]

Dioscorea alata L.
Dioscorea althaeoides Knuth
Dioscorea altissima Lam.
Dioscorea aspersa Prain & Burkill
Dioscorea balcanica Kosanin
Dioscorea banzhuana C.P'ei & C.T.Ting
Dioscorea belophylla Voigt ex Haines
Dioscorea benthamii Prain & Burkill
Dioscorea bicolor Prain & Burkill
Dioscorea biformifolia C.P'ei & C.T.Ting
Dioscorea birmanica Prain & Burkill
Dioscorea bulbifera L.
Dioscorea caucasica Lipsky
Dioscorea cayenensis
Dioscorea chingii Prain & Burkill
Dioscorea cirrhosa Lour.
Dioscorea collettii Hook.f.
Dioscorea communis (L.) Caddick & Wilkin – see Tamus communis
Dioscorea cumingii Prain & Burkill
Dioscorea decipiens Hook.f.
Dioscorea delavayi Franch.
Dioscorea deltoidea Wall. ex Kunth
Dioscorea dumetorum
Dioscorea elephantipes
Dioscorea esculenta
Dioscorea esquirolii
Dioscorea exalata
Dioscorea floridana Bartlett
Dioscorea fordii
Dioscorea futschauensis
Dioscorea garrettii
Dioscorea glabra
Dioscorea gracillima
Dioscorea hastifolia
Dioscorea hemsleyi
Dioscorea hispida
Dioscorea japonica - Shan yao in Chinese (Chinese: 山药; pinyin: Shān yào)
Dioscorea kamoonensis

Dioscorea linearicordata
Dioscorea macrostachya
Dioscorea martini
Dioscorea melanophyma Burkill & Prain
Dioscorea menglaensis
Dioscorea mexicana
Dioscorea nipponica
Dioscorea nitens
Dioscorea opposita - Shan yao in Chinese (Chinese: 山药; pinyin: Shān yào)
Dioscorea orangeana Wilkin^[1]
Dioscorea panthaica
Dioscorea pentaphylla
Dioscorea persimilis
Dioscorea poilanei
Dioscorea polygonoides
Dioscorea polystachya Turczaninow
Dioscorea preussii
"Dioscorea quaternata""
Dioscorea quinqueloba
Dioscorea rotundata
Dioscorea sansibarensis Pax
Dioscorea scortechinii
Dioscorea simulans
Dioscorea sinoparviflora
Dioscorea spongiosa
Dioscorea subcalva
Dioscorea sylvatica
Dioscorea tentaculigera
Dioscorea tenuipes
Dioscorea tokoro
Dioscorea transversa
Dioscorea trifida
Dioscorea velutipes
Dioscorea villosa L.
Dioscorea wallichii
Dioscorea xizangensis
Dioscorea yunnanensis
Dioscorea zingiberensis

The closely related genus Tamus is included in Dioscorea by some sources,^[2] but is maintained as distinct by others.^[3] For Dioscorea communis (L.) Caddick & Wilkin, see Tamus communis.

References[edit]

^ Wilkin, Paul; Annette Hladik, Odile Weber, Claude Marcel Hladik, and Vololoniana Jeannoda (September 2009). "Dioscorea orangeana (Dioscoreaceae), a new and threatened species of edible yam from northern Madagascar". Kew Bulletin (Netherlands: Springer) 64 (3): 461–468. doi:10.1007/s12225-009-9126-2. ISSN 1874-933X. Retrieved 10 June 2010.
^ World Checklist of Selected Plant Families, The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, retrieved 2011-05-28 , search for "Tamus"
^ Stace, Clive (2010), New Flora of the British Isles (3rd ed.), Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press, ISBN 978-0-521-70772-5 , p. 854

Flora Europaea: Dioscorea
Flora of China: Dioscorea
Flora of North America: Dioscorea
Flora of Pakistan: Dioscorea
USDA Plant Profile: Dioscorea

External links[edit]

Media related to Dioscorea at Wikimedia Commons Data related to Dioscorea at Wikispecies

UpToDate Contents

全文を閲覧するには購読必要です。 To read the full text you will need to subscribe.

1. アレルギー疾患の治療のための漢方薬 chinese herbal medicine for the treatment of allergic diseases

English Journal

Chemopreventive effect of a mixture of Chinese Herbs (antitumor B) on chemically induced oral carcinogenesis.

Wang Y, Yao R, Gao S, Wen W, Du Y, Szabo E, Hu M, Lubet RA, You M.SourceDepartment of Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri.
Molecular carcinogenesis.Mol Carcinog.2013 Jan;52(1):49-56. doi: 10.1002/mc.20877. Epub 2011 Nov 15.
In this study, we evaluated chemopreventive efficacy of Antitumor B, a Chinese herbal mixture of six plants (Sophora tonkinensis, Polygonum bistorta, Prunella vulgaris, Sonchus arvensis L., Dictamnus dasycarpus, and Dioscorea bulbifera) on the development of 4-nitroquinoline-1-oxide (4NQO) induced o
PMID 22086836

The antifungal activity and membrane-disruptive action of dioscin extracted from Dioscorea nipponica.

Cho J, Choi H, Lee J, Kim MS, Sohn HY, Lee DG.SourceSchool of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, College of Natural Sciences, Kyungpook National University, Daehak-ro 80, Buk-gu, Daegu 702-701, Republic of Korea.
Biochimica et biophysica acta.Biochim Biophys Acta.2012 Dec 20. pii: S0005-2736(12)00442-7. doi: 10.1016/j.bbamem.2012.12.010. [Epub ahead of print]
Dioscin is a kind of steroidal saponin isolated from the root bark of wild yam Dioscorea nipponica. We investigated the antifungal effect of dioscin against different fungal strains and its antifungal mechanism(s) in Candida albicans cells. Using the propidium iodide assay and calcein-leakage measur
PMID 23262192

Diarylheptanoids from Dioscorea villosa (Wild Yam).

Dong SH, Nikolić D, Simmler C, Qiu F, van Breemen RB, Soejarto DD, Pauli GF, Chen SN.SourceUIC/NIH Center for Botanical Dietary Supplements Research, Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago , Chicago, Illinois 60612, United States.
Journal of natural products.J Nat Prod.2012 Dec 17. [Epub ahead of print]
A fractionation methodology aimed at the metabolomic mining of new phytoconstituents for the widely used botanical, wild yam (Dioscorea villosa), makes use of 1D qHNMR and 2D NMR profiles along the preparative fractionation pathway. This quantifiable and structural guidance led to the isolation of 1
PMID 23245349

Japanese Journal

New and unusual forms of calcium oxalate raphide crystals in the plant kingdom

Raman Vijayasankar,Horner Harry T.,Khan Ikhlas A.
Journal of plant research 127(6), 721-730, 2014-11
NAID 40020256437

Anti-adipogenic Constituents from Dioscorea opposita in 3T3-L1 Cells

Yang Min Hye,Chin Young-Won,Chae Hee-Sung [他]
Biological & pharmaceutical bulletin 37(10), 1683-1688, 2014-10
NAID 40020224813

Dioscorea japonica Thunb.由来DJ1タンパク質のクローニングと大腸菌による発現と精製

石橋松二郎,大内山愉佳,井上由紀子,岩下彩香,千貫友莉,遠城道雄,徳永正雄
応用糖質科学 : 日本応用糖質科学会誌 4(3), 241-248, 2014-08-20
鹿児島県を中心とする南九州の重要な特産物であるかるかんは,その原料として非常に粘度が高いジネンジョ(D. japonica Thunb.)が使われてきた。かるかんの品質管理には,かるかんの原料となるジネンジョの品質を正しく評価することが非常に重要である。そこで現場での品質管理を目的として,安全・簡単に管理が行えるタンパク質レベルでの品質管理に着目した。我々はこれまでの研究でジネンジョだけに多く発現 …
NAID 110009843535

Related Pictures

★リンクテーブル★

リンク元	「ディオスコレア属」「yam」
拡張検索	「Dioscorea属」「Dioscoreaceae」

「ディオスコレア属」

Dioscorea
	Dioscorea balcanica
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Plantae
(unranked):	Angiosperms
(unranked):	Monocots
Order:	Dioscoreales
Family:	Dioscoreaceae
Genus:	Dioscorea; L.
Species
	See text

　　[★]

ラ: Dioscorea
関: ヤムイモ、Dioscorea属

「yam」

　　[★]

ヤムイモ

関: Dioscorea

「Dioscorea属」

　　[★]

ラ: Dioscorea
関: ディオスコレア属

「Dioscoreaceae」

　　[★]

ヤマノイモ科

関: Tacca

[1] Wilkin, Paul; Annette Hladik, Odile Weber, Claude Marcel Hladik, and Vololoniana Jeannoda (September 2009). "Dioscorea orangeana (Dioscoreaceae), a new and threatened species of edible yam from northern Madagascar". Kew Bulletin (Netherlands: Springer) 64 (3): 461–468. doi:10.1007/s12225-009-9126-2. ISSN 1874-933X. Retrieved 10 June 2010.

[2] World Checklist of Selected Plant Families, The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, retrieved 2011-05-28 , search for "Tamus"

[Stace2010-3] Stace, Clive (2010), New Flora of the British Isles (3rd ed.), Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press, ISBN 978-0-521-70772-5 , p. 854

匿名

検索

案内

案内

Dioscorea