| Dejerine–Sottas syndrome |
| Classification and external resources |
| ICD-10 |
G60.0 |
| ICD-9 |
356.0 |
| OMIM |
145900 |
| DiseasesDB |
5821 |
| MeSH |
D015417 |
Dejerine–Sottas disease, also known as Dejerine–Sottas syndrome, Dejerine–Sottas neuropathy, progressive hypertrophic interstitial polyneuropathy of childhood and onion bulb neuropathy[1] (and, hereditary motor and sensory polyneuropathy type III and Charcot–Marie–Tooth disease type 3), is a neurological disorder characterised by damage to the peripheral nerves and resulting progressive muscle wasting. The condition is caused by mutations in a various genes and is inherited in autosomal dominant or autosomal recessive manner.[2]
The disorder is named for Joseph Jules Dejerine and Jules Sottas, French neurologists who first described it.[3][4]
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Contents
- 1 Signs and symptoms
- 2 Causes
- 3 Diagnosis
- 4 References
- 5 See also
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Signs and symptoms
Onset occurs in infancy or early childhood, usually before 3 years of age. Progression is slow until the teenage years at which point it may accelerate, resulting in severe disability.
Symptoms are usually more severe and rapidly progressive than in the other more common Charcot–Marie–Tooth diseases. Some patients may never walk and solely use wheelchairs by the end of their first decade, while others may need only a cane (walking stick) or similar support through life.
Dejerine–Sottas disease is characterized by moderate to severe lower and upper extremity weakness and loss of sensation, which occur mainly in the lower legs, forearms, feet and hands. Loss of muscle mass and reduced muscle tone can occur as the disease progresses. Other symptoms may include pain in the extremities, curvature of the spine, clawed hands, foot deformities, ataxia, peripheral areflexia, and slow acquisition of motor skills in childhood. Symptoms that are less common can include limitation of eye movements, other eye problems such as nystagmus or anisocoria, or mild hearing loss.[2]
Causes
Dejerine–Sottas neuropathy is caused by a genetic defect either in the proteins found in axons or the proteins found in myelin.[2] Specifically, it has been associated with mutations in MPZ,[5] PMP22,[6] PRX,[7] and EGR2 genes.[8] The disorder is inherited in an autosomal dominant or autosomal recessive manner.[2]
Diagnosis
On medical imaging, the nerves of the extremities (and cranial nerves in some cases) appear enlarged due to hypertrophy of the connective interstitial tissue, giving the nerves a distinct 'onion-bulb' appearance. Peripheral (and possibly cranial) nerve excitability and conduction speed are reduced.
References
- ^ Satran, R. (1980). "Dejerine-Sottas Disease Revisited". Archives of Neurology 37 (2): 67–68. doi:10.1001/archneur.1980.00500510025002. PMID 7356409. edit
- ^ a b c d Muscular Dystrophy Association (2012). "Dejerine-Sottas Disease". Retrieved 7 May 2012.
- ^ synd/1736 at Who Named It?
- ^ Dejerine, J. J.; Sottas, J. (1893). "Sur la névrite interstitielle hypertrophique et progressive de l’enfance; affection souvent familiale et à debut infantile, caractérisée par une atrophie musculaire des extrémities, avec troubles marqués de la sensibilité et ataxie des mouvements et relevant d'une névrite interstitielle hypertrophique a marche ascendante avec lésions médullaires consécutives". Comptes rendus des séances de la Société de biologie (Paris) 45: 63–96.
- ^ Hayasaka K, Himoro M, Sawaishi Y, et al. (November 1993). "De novo mutation of the myelin P0 gene in Dejerine-Sottas disease (hereditary motor and sensory neuropathy type III)". Nat. Genet. 5 (3): 266–8. doi:10.1038/ng1193-266. PMID 7506095.
- ^ Roa BB, Dyck PJ, Marks HG, Chance PF, Lupski JR (November 1993). "Dejerine-Sottas syndrome associated with point mutation in the peripheral myelin protein 22 (PMP22) gene". Nat. Genet. 5 (3): 269–73. doi:10.1038/ng1193-269. PMID 8275092.
- ^ Kabzinska D, Drac H, Sherman DL, et al. (March 2006). "Charcot-Marie-Tooth type 4F disease caused by S399fsx410 mutation in the PRX gene". Neurology 66 (5): 745–7. doi:10.1212/01.wnl.0000201269.46071.35. PMID 16534116.
- ^ Boerkoel CF, Takashima H, Bacino CA, Daentl D, Lupski JR (July 2001). "EGR2 mutation R359W causes a spectrum of Dejerine-Sottas neuropathy". Neurogenetics 3 (3): 153–7. doi:10.1007/s100480100107. PMID 11523566.
See also
- Charcot–Marie–Tooth disease
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Nervous system pathology, PNS, somatic (G50–G64, 350–357)
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Nerve, nerve root, plexus
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Cranial nerve
disease
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V (Trigeminal neuralgia, Anesthesia dolorosa) · VII (Facial nerve paralysis, Bell's palsy, Melkersson–Rosenthal syndrome, Parry–Romberg syndrome, Central seven) · XI (Accessory nerve disorder)
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Radiculopathy,
plexopathy
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brachial plexus (Brachial plexus lesion, Thoracic outlet syndrome) · Phantom limb
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Mono-
neuropathy
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Upper limb
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median nerve (Carpal tunnel syndrome, Ape hand deformity)
ulnar nerve (Ulnar nerve entrapment, Froment's sign, Guyon's canal syndrome, Ulnar claw)
radial nerve (Radial neuropathy, Wrist drop, Cheiralgia paresthetica)
long thoracic nerve (Winged scapula)
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Lower limb
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lateral cutaneous nerve of thigh (Meralgia paraesthetica)
tibial nerve (Tarsal tunnel syndrome)
plantar nerve (Morton's neuroma)
superior gluteal nerve (Trendelenburg's sign)
sciatic nerve (Piriformis syndrome)
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General
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Causalgia · Mononeuritis multiplex · Neuropathy (Neuralgia/Neuritis) · Nerve compression syndrome
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Polyneuropathies/Polyradiculoneuropathy
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HMSN
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Charcot–Marie–Tooth disease · Dejerine–Sottas disease · Refsum's disease · Hereditary spastic paraplegia
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Autoimmune/demyelinating
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Guillain–Barré syndrome · Chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy
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Other
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Alcoholic polyneuropathy
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anat (h/r/t/c/b/l/s/a)/phys (r)/devp/prot/nttr/nttm/ntrp
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noco/auto/cong/tumr, sysi/epon, injr
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Cell membrane protein disorders (other than Cell surface receptor, enzymes, and cytoskeleton)
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| Arrestin |
Oguchi disease 1
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| Myelin |
Pelizaeus–Merzbacher disease · Dejerine-Sottas disease · Charcot–Marie–Tooth disease 1B, 2J
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| Pulmonary surfactant |
Surfactant metabolism dysfunction 1, 2
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| Cell adhesion molecule |
IgSF CAM: OFC7
Cadherin: DSG1 (Striate palmoplantar keratoderma 1) · DSG2 (Arrhythmogenic right ventricular dysplasia 10) · DSG4 (LAH1) · DSC2 (Arrhythmogenic right ventricular dysplasia 11)
Integrin: see cell surface receptor deficiencies
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| Tetraspanin |
TSPAN7 (X-Linked mental retardation 58) · TSPAN12 (Familial exudative vitreoretinopathy 5)
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| Other |
KIND1 (Kindler syndrome) · HFE (HFE hereditary hemochromatosis) · DYSF (Distal muscular dystrophy, Limb-girdle muscular dystrophy 2B)
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see also other cell membrane proteins
- B structural
- perx
- skel
- cili
- mito
- nucl
- sclr
- DNA/RNA/protein synthesis
- membrane
- transduction
- trfk
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