関: Caenorhabditis elegans

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出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2014/04/09 18:58:13」(JST)

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Caenorhabditis is a genus of nematodes which live in bacteria-rich environments like compost piles, decaying dead animals and rotting fruit. The name comes from Greek: caeno- (καινός (caenos) = new, recent); rhabditis = rod-like (ῥάβδος (rhabdos) = rod, wand). The Caenorhabditis genus contains the noted model organism Caenorhabditis elegans and several other species for which a genome sequence is either available or currently being determined. The two most-studied species in this genus (C. elegans and C. briggsae) are both androdioecious (they have male and hermaphrodite sexes) whereas most other species are gonochoristic (they have male and female sexes).^[1]

Ecology

Caenorhabditis occupy various nutrient and bacteria rich environments. They do not form self-sustaining populations in soil, as it lacks enough organic matter. Juvenile worms and also dauer larvae can be transported by invertebrates including millipedes, insects, isopods, and gastropods. Some species also appear to be associated with vertebrates including zebu cattle, although the nature of this association is not clear. The species can be classified as phoretic or necromenic based on their relationship to their invertebrate host. A phoretic worm rides on the host until it finds a favorable environment, and then leaves. A necromenic worm waits for the host to die, and lives on the bacteria which thrive in the dead animal. Many species are capable of both phoretic and necromenic lifestyles.^[2]

Species

Known species in this genus include:^[3]

Caenorhabditis elegans - genome sequenced in 1998 ^[4]
Caenorhabditis briggsae - genome sequence finished 2003 ^[5]
Caenorhabditis remanei - genome sequenced by WashU GSC ^[6]

Caenorhabditis brenneri (formerly referred to as C. sp 4 and Caenorhabditis sp. CB5161) - genome sequenced by WashU GSC ^[7]
Caenorhabditis japonica - genome being sequenced by WashU GSC ^[8]
Caenorhabditis angaria (formerly referred to as C. sp 3 and PS1010) - genome sequenced at the California Institute of Technology in 2010.^[9]
Caenorhabditis drosophilae
Caenorhabditis plicata
Caenorhabditis sp. 1
Caenorhabditis sp. 2
Caenorhabditis sp. 5
Caenorhabditis sp. 6
Caenorhabditis sp. 7
Caenorhabditis sp. 8
Caenorhabditis sp. 9
Caenorhabditis sp. 10
Caenorhabditis sp. 11
Caenorhabditis sp. 12
Caenorhabditis sp. 13
Caenorhabditis sp. 14
Caenorhabditis sp. 15
Caenorhabditis sp. 16
Caenorhabditis sp. 17
Caenorhabditis sp. 18
Caenorhabditis sp. 19
Caenorhabditis sp. 20

References

^ Haag, Eric S. "The evolution of nematode sex determination: C. elegans as a reference point for comparative biology". WormBook.
^ Kiontke, K; Sudhaus, W (Jan 2006). "Ecology of Caenorhabditis species.". WormBook: 1–14. doi:10.1895/wormbook.1.37.1. PMID 18050464.
^ Kiontki, Karin; et al (November 21, 2011). "A phylogeny and molecular barcodes for Caenorhabditis, with numerous new species from rotting fruits". BMC Evolutionary Biology 11: 339. doi:10.1186/1471-2148-11-339. Retrieved 6 February 2012. Cite uses deprecated parameters (help)
^ The C. elegans Sequencing Consortium (1998). "Genome sequence of the nematode C. elegans: a platform for investigating biology". Science 282 (5396): 2012–2018. doi:10.1126/science.282.5396.2012. PMID 9851916.
^ Stein, L. D. et al. (2003). "The Genome Sequence of Caenorhabditis briggsae: A Platform for Comparative Genomics". PLoS Biology 1 (2): 166–192. doi:10.1371/journal.pbio.0000045. PMC 261899. PMID 14624247.
^ GSC: Caenorhabditis remanei
^ GSC: Caenorhabditis n. sp. PB2801
^ GSC: Caenorhabditis japonica
^ Mortazavi, A.; Schwarz, E. M.; Williams, B.; Schaeffer, L.; Antoshechkin, I.; Wold, B. J.; Sternberg, P. W. (2010). "Scaffolding a Caenorhabditis nematode genome with RNA-seq". Genome Research 20 (12): 1740–1747. doi:10.1101/gr.111021.110. PMC 2990000. PMID 20980554. edit

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English Journal

Transgenically expressed Parascaris P-glycoprotein-11 can modulate ivermectin susceptibility in Caenorhabditis elegans.

Janssen IJ1, Krücken J1, Demeler J1, von Samson-Himmelstjerna G1.
International journal for parasitology. Drugs and drug resistance.Int J Parasitol Drugs Drug Resist.2015 Apr 8;5(2):44-7. doi: 10.1016/j.ijpddr.2015.03.003. eCollection 2015.
P-glycoproteins (Pgps) are suspected to mediate drug extrusion in nematodes contributing to macrocyclic lactone resistance. This association was recently shown for Parascaris Pgp-11. Ivermectin resistance was correlated with the presence of three pgp-11 single nucleotide polymorphisms and/or increas
PMID 25905032

Overlapping and unique signatures in the proteomic and transcriptomic responses of the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans toward pathogenic Bacillus thuringiensis.

Yang W1, Dierking K1, Esser D2, Tholey A3, Leippe M4, Rosenstiel P2, Schulenburg H5.
Developmental and comparative immunology.Dev Comp Immunol.2015 Jul;51(1):1-9. doi: 10.1016/j.dci.2015.02.010. Epub 2015 Feb 23.
Pathogen infection can activate multiple signaling cascades that ultimately alter the abundance of molecules in cells. This change can be measured both at the transcript and protein level. Studies analyzing the immune response at both levels are, however, rare. Here, we compare transcriptome and pro
PMID 25720978

Role of PMK-1/p38 MAPK defense in Caenorhabditis elegans against Klebsiella pneumoniae infection during host-pathogen interaction.

Kamaladevi A1, Balamurugan K2.
Pathogens and disease.Pathog Dis.2015 Jul;73(5). pii: ftv021. doi: 10.1093/femspd/ftv021. Epub 2015 Mar 27.
The present study reports that Klebsiella pneumoniae (KP) killed the Caenorhabditis elegans as a consequence of an accumulation and proliferation of the pathogen inside the worms' intestine. The real-time PCR analysis of the genes responsible for vulval development (let-23) and egg laying (lin-29) i
PMID 25819035

Japanese Journal

Effects of sequential infections of Caenorhabditis elegans with Staphylococcus aureus and Proteus mirabilis

JebaMercy Gnanasekaran,Balamurugan Krishnaswamy
Microbiology and immunology 56(12), 825-835, 2012-12
NAID 40019504330

A Caenorhabditis elegans Insulin-Like Peptide, INS-17 : Its Physiological Function and Expression Pattern

MATSUNAGA Yohei,NAKAJIMA Kensuke,GENGYO-ANDO Keiko
Bioscience, Biotechnology, and Biochemistry 76(11), 2168-2172, 2012-11
NAID 40019499054

Discovery of novel rules for G-quadruplex-forming sequences in plants by using bioinformatics methods(BIOINFORMATICS)

Takahashi Hiro,Nakagawa Ayami,Kojima Shoko,Takahashi Anna,Cha Byung-Yoon,Woo Je-Tae,Nagai Kazuo,Machida Yasunori,Machida Chiyoko
Journal of bioscience and bioengineering 114(5), 570-575, 2012-11
… japonica, Populus trichocarpa, Vitis vinifera, Homo sapiens, Danio rerio, Drosophila melanogaster, and Caenorhabditis elegans. …
NAID 110009553595

Related Pictures

★リンクテーブル★

リンク元	「線虫属」「カエノルハブディティス属」
拡張検索	「Caenorhabditis elegans」「Caenorhabditis属」「Caenorhabditis briggsae」

「線虫属」

Caenorhabditis
	Caenorhabditis elegans
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Nematoda
Class:	Secernentea
Order:	Rhabditida
Family:	Rhabditidae
Genus:	Caenorhabditis

　　[★]

ラ: Caenorhabditis
関: 線虫、線虫類、カエノルハブディティス属、Caenorhabditis属

「カエノルハブディティス属」

　　[★]

ラ: Caenorhabditis
関: 線虫属、線虫類、Caenorhabditis属

「Caenorhabditis elegans」

　　[★]

線虫、エレガンス線虫

関: C. elegans、Caenorhabditis、Caenorhabditis briggsae、nematode

「Caenorhabditis属」

　　[★]

ラ: Caenorhabditis
関: 線虫属、線虫類、カエノルハブディティス属

「Caenorhabditis briggsae」

　　[★]

線虫、ブリグサ線虫

関: C. elegans、Caenorhabditis elegans、nematode

[1] Haag, Eric S. "The evolution of nematode sex determination: C. elegans as a reference point for comparative biology". WormBook.

[2] Kiontke, K; Sudhaus, W (Jan 2006). "Ecology of Caenorhabditis species.". WormBook: 1–14. doi:10.1895/wormbook.1.37.1. PMID 18050464.

[3] Kiontki, Karin; et al (November 21, 2011). "A phylogeny and molecular barcodes for Caenorhabditis, with numerous new species from rotting fruits". BMC Evolutionary Biology 11: 339. doi:10.1186/1471-2148-11-339. Retrieved 6 February 2012. Cite uses deprecated parameters (help)

[4] The C. elegans Sequencing Consortium (1998). "Genome sequence of the nematode C. elegans: a platform for investigating biology". Science 282 (5396): 2012–2018. doi:10.1126/science.282.5396.2012. PMID 9851916.

[5] Stein, L. D. et al. (2003). "The Genome Sequence of Caenorhabditis briggsae: A Platform for Comparative Genomics". PLoS Biology 1 (2): 166–192. doi:10.1371/journal.pbio.0000045. PMC 261899. PMID 14624247.

[6] GSC: Caenorhabditis remanei

[7] GSC: Caenorhabditis n. sp. PB2801

[8] GSC: Caenorhabditis japonica

[9] Mortazavi, A.; Schwarz, E. M.; Williams, B.; Schaeffer, L.; Antoshechkin, I.; Wold, B. J.; Sternberg, P. W. (2010). "Scaffolding a Caenorhabditis nematode genome with RNA-seq". Genome Research 20 (12): 1740–1747. doi:10.1101/gr.111021.110. PMC 2990000. PMID 20980554. edit

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Caenorhabditis