English Journal

Direct brain control and communication in paralysis.

Birbaumer N, Gallegos-Ayala G, Wildgruber M, Silvoni S, Soekadar SR.Author information Institute of Medical Psychology and Behavioral Neurobiology, University of Tübingen, Gartenstrasse 29, 72076, Tübingen, Germany.AbstractDespite considerable growth in the field of brain-computer or brain-machine interface (BCI/BMI) research reflected in several hundred publications each year, little progress was made to enable patients in complete locked-in state (CLIS) to reliably communicate using their brain activity. Independent of the invasiveness of the BCI systems tested, no sustained direct brain control and communication was demonstrated in a patient in CLIS so far. This suggested a more fundamental theoretical problem of learning and attention in brain communication with BCI/BMI, formulated in the extinction-of-thought hypothesis. While operant conditioning and goal-directed thinking seems impaired in complete paralysis, classical conditioning of brain responses might represent the only alternative. First experimental studies in CLIS using semantic conditioning support this assumption. Evidence that quality-of-life in locked-in-state is not as limited and poor as generally believed draise doubts that "patient wills" or "advanced directives"signed long-before the locked-in-state are useful. On the contrary, they might be used as an excuse to shorten anticipated long periods of care for these patients avoiding associated financial and social burdens. Current state and availability of BCI/BMI systems urge a broader societal discourse on the pressing ethical challenges associated with the advancements in neurotechnology and BCI/BMI research.
Brain topography.Brain Topogr.2014 Jan;27(1):4-11. doi: 10.1007/s10548-013-0282-1. Epub 2013 Mar 28.
Despite considerable growth in the field of brain-computer or brain-machine interface (BCI/BMI) research reflected in several hundred publications each year, little progress was made to enable patients in complete locked-in state (CLIS) to reliably communicate using their brain activity. Independent
PMID 23536247

Fragmentation of slow wave sleep after onset of complete locked-in state.

Soekadar SR, Born J, Birbaumer N, Bensch M, Halder S, Murguialday AR, Gharabaghi A, Nijboer F, Schölkopf B, Martens S.Author information Institute of Medical Psychology and Behavioral Neurobiology, Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, Germany. surjo.soekadar@uni-tuebingen.deAbstractLocked-in syndrome (LIS) as a result of brainstem lesions or progressive neurodegenerative disorders, such as amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), is a severe medical condition in which a person is fully conscious but unable to move or talk. LIS can transition into complete locked-in syndrome (CLIS) in which residual abilities to communicate through muscle twitches are entirely lost. It is unknown how CLIS affects circadian rhythm and sleep/wake patterns. Here we report a 39-year-old ALS patient who transitioned from LIS to CLIS while brain activity was continuously recorded using electrocorticography (ECoG) over one month. While we found no circadian rhythm in heart rate and body temperature, transition into CLIS was associated with increased fragmentation of slow wave sleep (SWS) across the day. Total time in SWS did not change. SWS fragmentation might reflect progressive circadian system impairment and should be considered as a factor further limiting communication capabilities in these patients.
Journal of clinical sleep medicine : JCSM : official publication of the American Academy of Sleep Medicine.J Clin Sleep Med.2013 Sep;9(9):951-3. doi: 10.5664/jcsm.3002.
Locked-in syndrome (LIS) as a result of brainstem lesions or progressive neurodegenerative disorders, such as amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), is a severe medical condition in which a person is fully conscious but unable to move or talk. LIS can transition into complete locked-in syndrome (CLIS)
PMID 23997708

Nasopharyngeal Carriage Rate and Serotypes of Streptococcus pneumoniae and Antimicrobial Susceptibility in Healthy Korean Children Younger than 5 Years Old: Focus on Influence of Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccination.

Lee EK, Jun JK, Choi UY, Kwon HJ, Kim KH, Kang JH.Author information Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea.AbstractBACKGROUND: Even after pneumococcal vaccination introduction, Streptococcus pneumoniae (pneumoccocus) is still an important cause of respiratory and invasive severe infection. Pneumococcus is resided in nasal mucosa and local or systemic infection begins with the nasal mucosa damage. We studied the indirect effect of pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV) on pneumococcal nasopharyngeal carriage rates, serotypes and antimicrobial susceptibility between vaccinate and non-vaccinated children.
Infection & chemotherapy.Infect Chemother.2013 Mar;45(1):76-84. doi: 10.3947/ic.2013.45.1.76. Epub 2013 Mar 29.
BACKGROUND: Even after pneumococcal vaccination introduction, Streptococcus pneumoniae (pneumoccocus) is still an important cause of respiratory and invasive severe infection. Pneumococcus is resided in nasal mucosa and local or systemic infection begins with the nasal mucosa damage. We studied the
PMID 24265953

Japanese Journal

コマンドラインオペレータ養成CAI

研究報告コンピュータと教育（CE） 2015-CE-128(6), 1-6, 2015-02-07
NAID 110009873277

THE SERVICE DESIGN CONCEPTUAL STRUCTURE OF TAIWANS CREATIVE LIFESTYLE INDUSTRIES

デザイン学研究 61(3), 3_105-3_114, 2014
NAID 130004972315

次世代シーケンサーデータの解析手法第2 回GUI 環境からコマンドライン環境へ

日本乳酸菌学会誌 25(3), 166-174, 2014
NAID 130004850500

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classe d’intégration scolaire (CLIS Les lves de la CLIS clis CLIS - CP - CE1 nouvelle Classe d'inclusion scolaire (Clis Les athlètes du CE1-CE2 et de la Clis Clis1 / Cycle 2, classe de Madame DELORME