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出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2019/06/19 02:56:44」(JST)

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The posterior interosseous nerve (or dorsal interosseous nerve) is a nerve in the forearm. It is the continuation of the deep branch of the radial nerve, after this has crossed the supinator muscle. It is considerably diminished in size compared to the deep branch of the radial nerve. The nerve fibers originate from cervical segments C7 and C8.

Structure

Course

It descends along the interosseous membrane, anterior to the extensor pollicis longus muscle, to the back of the carpus, where it presents a gangliform enlargement from which filaments are distributed to the ligaments and articulations of the carpus.

Supply

It supplies all the muscles on the radial side and dorsal surface of the forearm, except the anconaeus, brachioradialis, extensor carpi radialis longus. In other words, it supplies the following muscles:

Extensor carpi radialis brevis—deep branch of radial nerve
Extensor digitorum
Extensor digiti minimi
Extensor carpi ulnaris
Supinator muscle—deep branch of radial nerve
Abductor pollicis longus
Extensor pollicis brevis
Extensor pollicis longus
Extensor indicis

Clinical significance

The posterior interosseous nerve may be entrapped at the arcade of Frohse, which is part of the supinator muscle. Posterior interosseous neuropathy is purely a motor syndrome resulting in finger drop due to no extension of IP joints and radial wrist deviation on extension.

References

This article incorporates text in the public domain from page 944 of the 20th edition of Gray's Anatomy (1918).

This neuroanatomy article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.

UpToDate Contents

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1. 上肢末梢神経症候群の概要overview of upper extremity peripheral nerve syndromes [show details]
…should also be weak in a radial nerve lesion, but is typically less affected in a central disorder. The posterior interosseous nerve branches off from the radial nerve just proximal to the elbow and innervates …
2. 外傷性単神経障害traumatic mononeuropathies [show details]
…type of radial nerve injury. Similarly, the nerve may be compressed during general anesthesia or during coma. Injury of the posterior interosseous nerve, a branch from the radial nerve in the proximal …
3. 関節リウマチの神経学的症状neurologic manifestations of rheumatoid arthritis [show details]
…of other peripheral nerves has been reported in patients with RA. Affected nerves include the anterior and posterior interosseous, ulnar, common peroneal, and tibial . Median nerve entrapment at the elbow …
4. 神経伝導検査の概要overview of nerve conduction studies [show details]
… reflected in the clinical study of nerve conduction, will be reviewed here. Needle electromyography is discussed separately. Most peripheral nerves are composed of nerve fibers with motor, sensory, and …
5. 第4脳神経（滑車神経）麻痺fourth cranial nerve trochlear nerve palsy [show details]
…cranial nerve (trochlear nerve), which innervates the superior oblique muscle, is one cause of paralytic strabismus and can result from lesions anywhere along its path between the fourth nerve nucleus …

English Journal

Posterior interosseous nerve syndrome secondary to compression by an intramuscular hemangioma.

Niu X, Hu Y, Zha G, Hu J, Yi J, Xiao L.
Muscle & nerve. 2019 Jul;60(1)E5-E6.
PMID 31049980

Choosing the target wisely: partial tibial nerve transfer to extensor digitorum motor branches with simultaneous posterior tibial tendon transfer. Could this be a way to improve functional outcome and gait biomechanics?

Gatskiy AA, Tretyak IB, Tretiakova AI, Tsymbaliuk YV.
Journal of neurosurgery. 2019 Jun;()1-9.
The objective of this study was clinical assessment of the reduction of pathological motor phenomena with the recovery of long toe extensors, and evaluation of functional outcome with simultaneous nerve and tendon transfer in cases of common peroneal nerve (CPN) injuries. Seven male patients (mean a
PMID 31174188

Ultrasound Imaging for Complete Injury of the Posterior Interosseous Nerve After Forearm Surgery.

İskender Ö, Özkan Ö, Leblebicioğlu G, Özçakar L.
American journal of physical medicine & rehabilitation. 2019 Jun;98(6)e66.
PMID 30277910

Japanese Journal

Posterior Interosseous Nerve Palsy Caused by A Ganglion

Yokote Akira,Fujioka Shinsuke,Ishiko Toshiyuki,Tsuboi Yoshio
Internal Medicine, 2019
NAID 130007586277

各種遊離自家神経移植による指神経再建

宇佐美聡,稲見浩平,久能隼人,山田哲生,平瀬雄一
日本マイクロサージャリー学会会誌 31(4), 232-238, 2018
… <p>Sixteen proper digital nerves in 14 patients who underwent nerve repair surgery using autologous nerve grafts between July 2012 and September 2017 were investigated retrospectively. …
NAID 130007550020

後骨間神経麻痺を合併したMonteggia骨折の1例

板倉巧,野口亮介,山崎良二,林田賢治
中部日本整形外科災害外科学会雑誌 61(4), 769-770, 2018
NAID 130007522055

「後骨間神経」

Posterior interosseous nerve
	The supinator. (Deep branch of radial nerve labeled at upper right and lower right. Dorsal interosseous is this nerve after passing the supinator, at lower right.)
Details
From	Deep branch of the radial nerve
Innervates	Extensor carpi radialis brevis; Extensor digitorum; Extensor digiti minimi; Extensor carpi ulnaris; Supinator muscle; Abductor pollicis longus; Extensor pollicis brevis; Extensor pollicis longus; Extensor indicis;
Identifiers
Latin	nervus interosseus antebrachii posterior
TA	A14.2.03.055
FMA	77559
	Anatomical terms of neuroanatomy [edit on Wikidata]