lecithin cholesterol acyltransferase

レシチン・コレステロールアシルトランスフェラーゼ

WordNet

1. a yellow phospholipid essential for the metabolism of fats; found in egg yolk and in many plant and animal cells; used commercially as an emulsifier
2. an animal sterol that is normally synthesized by the liver; the most abundant steroid in animal tissues (同)cholesterin

PrepTutorEJDIC

1. レシチン(神経細胞や卵黄などに含まれるリン脂質)
2. コレステロール(胆汁・血液・神経組織などの脂肪性成分)

Wikipedia preview

出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2014/12/13 12:05:59」(JST)

wiki en

[Wiki en表示]

Lecithin-cholesterol acyltransferase
Identifiers
Symbol	LCAT
External IDs	OMIM: 606967 MGI: 96755 HomoloGene: 68042 ChEMBL: 5942 GeneCards: LCAT Gene
EC number	2.3.1.43
Gene ontology Molecular function • phosphatidylcholine-sterol O-acyltransferase activity • protein binding • apolipoprotein A-I binding Cellular component • extracellular region • extracellular space • high-density lipoprotein particle • extracellular vesicular exosome Biological process • phospholipid metabolic process • phosphatidylcholine biosynthetic process • cholesterol metabolic process • cholesterol transport • very-low-density lipoprotein particle remodeling • high-density lipoprotein particle remodeling • cholesterol esterification • lipoprotein metabolic process • lipoprotein biosynthetic process • cholesterol homeostasis • reverse cholesterol transport • small molecule metabolic process • regulation of high-density lipoprotein particle assembly Sources: Amigo / QuickGO
Orthologs
Species	Human	Mouse
Entrez	3931	16816
Ensembl	ENSG00000213398	ENSMUSG00000035237
UniProt	P04180	P16301
RefSeq (mRNA)	NM_000229	NM_008490
RefSeq (protein)	NP_000220	NP_032516
Location (UCSC)	Chr 16: 67.97 – 67.98 Mb	Chr 8: 105.94 – 105.94 Mb
PubMed search	[1]	[2]

Lecithin—cholesterol acyltransferase (LCAT, also called phosphatidylcholine-sterol O-acyltransferase) is an enzyme that converts free cholesterol into cholesteryl ester (a more hydrophobic form of cholesterol), which is then sequestered into the core of a lipoprotein particle, eventually making the newly synthesized HDL spherical and forcing the reaction to become unidirectional since the particles are removed from the surface. The enzyme is bound to high-density lipoproteins (HDLs) and low-density lipoproteins in the blood plasma.

Interactive pathway map

Click on genes, proteins and metabolites below to link to respective articles.

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Statin Pathway edit

See also

• Lecithin cholesterol acyltransferase deficiency
• Acyl-CoA:cholesterol acyltransferase (ACAT)

References

Further reading

• Dobiásová M, Frohlich J (1999). "Advances in understanding of the role of lecithin cholesterol acyltransferase (LCAT) in cholesterol transport.". Clin Chim Acta 286 (1–2): 257–71. doi:10.1016/S0009-8981(99)00106-0. PMID 10511297. 
• Kuivenhoven JA, Pritchard H, Hill J, et al. (1997). "The molecular pathology of lecithin:cholesterol acyltransferase (LCAT) deficiency syndromes". J. Lipid Res. 38 (2): 191–205. PMID 9162740. 
• de Vries R, Borggreve SE, Dullaart RP (2004). "Role of lipases, lecithin:cholesterol acyltransferase and cholesteryl ester transfer protein in abnormal high density lipoprotein metabolism in insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes mellitus". Clin. Lab. 49 (11–12): 601–13. PMID 14651331. 
• Teisberg P, Gjone E, Olaisen B (1975). "Genetics of LCAT (lecithin: cholesterol acyltransferase) deficiency". Ann. Hum. Genet. 38 (3): 327–31. doi:10.1111/j.1469-1809.1975.tb00617.x. PMID 806250. 
• Cogan DG, Kruth HS, Datilis MB, Martin N (1993). "Corneal opacity in LCAT disease". Cornea 11 (6): 595–9. doi:10.1097/00003226-199211000-00021. PMID 1468226. 
• Skretting G, Blomhoff JP, Solheim J, Prydz H (1992). "The genetic defect of the original Norwegian lecithin:cholesterol acyltransferase deficiency families". FEBS Lett. 309 (3): 307–10. doi:10.1016/0014-5793(92)80795-I. PMID 1516702. 
• Skretting G, Prydz H (1992). "An amino acid exchange in exon I of the human lecithin: cholesterol acyltransferase (LCAT) gene is associated with fish eye disease". Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 182 (2): 583–7. doi:10.1016/0006-291X(92)91772-I. PMID 1571050. 
• Furukawa Y, Urano T, Hida Y, et al. (1992). "Interaction of rat lecithin-cholesterol acyltransferase with rat apolipoprotein A-I and with lecithin-cholesterol vesicles". J. Biochem. 111 (3): 413–8. PMID 1587806. 
• Minnich A, Collet X, Roghani A, et al. (1992). "Site-directed mutagenesis and structure-function analysis of the human apolipoprotein A-I. Relation between lecithin-cholesterol acyltransferase activation and lipid binding". J. Biol. Chem. 267 (23): 16553–60. PMID 1644835. 
• Bujo H, Kusunoki J, Ogasawara M, et al. (1992). "Molecular defect in familial lecithin:cholesterol acyltransferase (LCAT) deficiency: a single nucleotide insertion in LCAT gene causes a complete deficient type of the disease". Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 181 (3): 933–40. doi:10.1016/0006-291X(91)92026-G. PMID 1662503. 
• Gotoda T, Yamada N, Murase T, et al. (1991). "Differential phenotypic expression by three mutant alleles in familial lecithin:cholesterol acyltransferase deficiency". Lancet 338 (8770): 778–81. doi:10.1016/0140-6736(91)90665-C. PMID 1681161. 
• Klein HG, Lohse P, Pritchard PH, et al. (1992). "Two different allelic mutations in the lecithin-cholesterol acyltransferase gene associated with the fish eye syndrome. Lecithin-cholesterol acyltransferase (Thr123----Ile) and lecithin-cholesterol acyltransferase (Thr347----Met)". J. Clin. Invest. 89 (2): 499–506. doi:10.1172/JCI115612. PMC 442879. PMID 1737840. 
• Maeda E, Naka Y, Matozaki T, et al. (1991). "Lecithin-cholesterol acyltransferase (LCAT) deficiency with a missense mutation in exon 6 of the LCAT gene". Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 178 (2): 460–6. doi:10.1016/0006-291X(91)90129-U. PMID 1859405. 
• Funke H, von Eckardstein A, Pritchard PH, et al. (1991). "A molecular defect causing fish eye disease: an amino acid exchange in lecithin-cholesterol acyltransferase (LCAT) leads to the selective loss of alpha-LCAT activity". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 88 (11): 4855–9. doi:10.1073/pnas.88.11.4855. PMC 51765. PMID 2052566. 
• Taramelli R, Pontoglio M, Candiani G, et al. (1990). "Lecithin cholesterol acyl transferase deficiency: molecular analysis of a mutated allele". Hum. Genet. 85 (2): 195–9. doi:10.1007/BF00193195. PMID 2370048. 
• Rogne S, Skretting G, Larsen F, et al. (1987). "The isolation and characterisation of a cDNA clone for human lecithin:cholesterol acyl transferase and its use to analyse the genes in patients with LCAT deficiency and fish eye disease". Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 148 (1): 161–9. doi:10.1016/0006-291X(87)91090-4. PMID 2823801. 
• Tata F, Chaves ME, Markham AF, et al. (1987). "The isolation and characterisation of cDNA and genomic clones for human lecithin: cholesterol acyltransferase". Biochim. Biophys. Acta 910 (2): 142–8. doi:10.1016/0167-4781(87)90066-2. PMID 2823898. 
• Yang CY, Manoogian D, Pao Q, et al. (1987). "Lecithin:cholesterol acyltransferase. Functional regions and a structural model of the enzyme". J. Biol. Chem. 262 (7): 3086–91. PMID 2880847. 
• McLean J, Fielding C, Drayna D, et al. (1986). "Cloning and expression of human lecithin-cholesterol acyltransferase cDNA". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 83 (8): 2335–9. doi:10.1073/pnas.83.8.2335. PMC 323291. PMID 3458198. 
• Azoulay M, Henry I, Tata F, et al. (1987). "The structural gene for lecithin:cholesterol acyl transferase (LCAT) maps to 16q22". Ann. Hum. Genet. 51 (Pt 2): 129–36. doi:10.1111/j.1469-1809.1987.tb01054.x. PMID 3674753. 
• McLean J, Wion K, Drayna D, et al. (1987). "Human lecithin-cholesterol acyltransferase gene: complete gene sequence and sites of expression". Nucleic Acids Res. 14 (23): 9397–406. doi:10.1093/nar/14.23.9397. PMC 311966. PMID 3797244. 

External links

• Lecithin Cholesterol Acyltransferase at the US National Library of Medicine Medical Subject Headings (MeSH)

UpToDate Contents

全文を閲覧するには購読必要です。 To read the full text you will need to subscribe.

• 1. リポ蛋白の分類、代謝、およびアテローム性動脈硬化症における役割lipoprotein classification metabolism and role in atherosclerosis [show details]
  …transporter, activator of lecithin-cholesterol acyltransferase (LCAT). A-II – Structural protein for HDL; activator of hepatic lipase. A-IV – Activator of lipoprotein lipase (LPL) and LCAT. B-100 – Structural …
• 2. 棘状細胞（棘状赤血球および有棘赤血球）と標的細胞の原因causes of spiculated cells echinocytes and acanthocytes and target cells [show details]
  …spherocytes. Target cells are also seen in hereditary LCAT deficiency, a rare autosomal recessive disease due to a mutation in the LCAT gene . As in acquired LCAT deficiency , plasma unesterified cholesterol …
• 3. リポ蛋白および止血因子に対する運動の影響effects of exercise on lipoproteins and hemostatic factors [show details]
  …cholesteryl ester transfer protein (CETP) concentration and an elevation in the serum lecithin cholesterol acyltransferase (LCAT) concentration . CETP catalyzes the net flux of cholesterol from HDL-cholesterol …
• 4. 人工透析を受けていない慢性腎臓病患者の脂質管理lipid management in patients with nondialysis chronic kidney disease [show details]
  …properties may be different among CKD patients. As an example, there is downregulation of lecithin-cholesterol acyltransferase, which results in reduced esterification of cholesterol and therefore contributes…
• 5. HDLコレステロール：異常値の臨床的側面hdl cholesterol clinical aspects of abnormal values [show details]
  …hypertriglyceridemia . Familial LCAT deficiency – After acquisition of free cholesterol onto HDL, the cholesterol is esterified to cholesterol esters by lecithin:cholesterol acyltransferase (LCAT). Patients with homozygous …

English Journal

• Role of apolipoproteins, ABCA1 and LCAT in the biogenesis of normal and aberrant high density lipoproteins.

• Zannis VI1, Su S2, Fotakis P1.
• Journal of biomedical research.J Biomed Res.2017 Nov 4. doi: 10.7555/JBR.31.20160082. [Epub ahead of print]
• PMID 29109329

• ABCA1-Derived Nascent High-Density Lipoprotein-Apolipoprotein AI and Lipids Metabolically Segregate.

• Xu B1, Gillard BK1, Gotto AM Jr1, Rosales C1, Pownall HJ2.
• Arteriosclerosis, thrombosis, and vascular biology.Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol.2017 Oct 26. pii: ATVBAHA.117.310290. doi: 10.1161/ATVBAHA.117.310290. [Epub ahead of print]
• PMID 29074589

• A retractable lid in lecithin:cholesterol acyltransferase provides a structural mechanism for activation by apolipoprotein A-I.

• Manthei KA1, Ahn J2, Glukhova A3, Yuan W1, Larkin C2, Manett TD1, Chang L1, Shayman JA1, Axley MJ2, Schwendeman A1, Tesmer JJG4.
• The Journal of biological chemistry.J Biol Chem.2017 Oct 13. pii: jbc.M117.802736. doi: 10.1074/jbc.M117.802736. [Epub ahead of print]
• PMID 29030428

Japanese Journal

• Role of LCAT in Atherosclerosis

• Journal of Atherosclerosis and Thrombosis 23(2), 119-127, 2016
• NAID 130005122035

• 脂質異常症の遺伝子細胞治療 : LCAT欠損症患者への新規治療法の開発 (代謝) -- (臨床分野での進歩)

• Annual review. 糖尿病・代謝・内分泌, 128-132, 2015
• NAID 40020368574

• Valosin-containing protein（<i>VCP</i>）遺伝子変異を認めた家族性筋萎縮性側索硬化症の1例

• 臨床神経学 55(12), 914-920, 2015
• NAID 130005116934

Related Links

• lecithin-cholesterol acyltransferase - definition of lecithin ...

lecithin–cholesterol acyltransferase /lec·i·thin–cho·les·ter·ol ac·yl·trans·fer·ase/ (LCAT) (kah-les´ter-ol a″sil-trans´fer-ās) an enzyme that catalyzes the formation of cholesteryl esters in high-density lipoproteins; deficiency of enzyme ...

• Lecithin-Cholesterol Acyltransferase Deficiency

The 2 familial forms of lecithin-cholesterol acyltransferase (LCAT) deficiency are termed familial LCAT deficiency (complete LCAT deficiency) and fish eye disease (partial LCAT deficiency). LCAT is an enzyme bound to high-density lipoproteins (HDLs) and low-density lipoproteins (LDLs) in the plasma.

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★リンクテーブル★

リンク元	「レシチン・コレステロールアシルトランスフェラーゼ」「レシチンアシルトランスフェラーゼ」「phosphatidylcholine-sterol O-acyltransferase」「lecithin acyltransferase」「レシチン・コレステロールアシル基転移酵素」
拡張検索	「lecithin-cholesterol acyltransferase」「lecithin:cholesterol acyltransferase」
関連記事	「acyltransferase」「cholesterol」

「レシチン・コレステロールアシルトランスフェラーゼ」

　　[★]

英

lecithin-cholesterol acyltransferase, lecithin cholesterol acyltransferase, LCAT, lecithin:cholesterol acyltransferase

同

レシチンコレステロールアシルトランスフェラーゼ

[show details]

レシチンコレステロールアシル転移酵素 : 32 件
レシチンコレステロールアシル基転移酵素 : 25 件
レシチンコレステロールアシルトランスフェラーゼ : 約 20,100 件

レシチンコレステロールアシル転移酵素 LCAT : 21 件
レシチンコレステロールアシル基転移酵素 LCAT : 28 件
レシチンコレステロールアシルトランスフェラーゼ LCAT : 約 11,200 件

産生臓器

• 肝臓

局在

• 血液(血漿)

機能

• 血漿中にあってコレステロールにアシル基を転移しエステル化する酵素　→　コレステロールエステルの産生
• つまりHDLが有するコレステロールをエステル化する
• ホスファチジルコリンのC-2位の脂肪酸(特にオレイン酸を好む)をコレステロールの3'のヒドロキシ基転移する。基質はHDLであるが、これよりやや劣るがLDLも基質となりうる。 (WIL.1603)

コレステロールエステルの運命

HDLのコレステロールエステルはCETPによりIDL、LDLに受け渡され、肝臓に逆輸送される

臨床関連

• 肝実質細胞の障害

• LCAT活性の低下　→　コレステロールエステルの減少

• レシチン・コレステロールアシルトランスフェラーゼ欠損症(LCAT deficiency)

「レシチンアシルトランスフェラーゼ」

　　[★]

英

lecithin acyltransferase、lecithin cholesterol acyltransferase

関

レシチン・コレステロールアシルトランスフェラーゼ、ホスファチジルコリン・ステロール-O-アシルトランスフェラーゼ、レシチンアシル基転移酵素、レシチン・コレステロールアシル基転移酵素

「phosphatidylcholine-sterol O-acyltransferase」

　　[★]

ホスファチジルコリン・ステロール-O-アシル転移酵素、ホスファチジルコリン・ステロール-O-アシルトランスフェラーゼ

関

lecithin acyltransferase、lecithin cholesterol acyltransferase

「lecithin acyltransferase」

　　[★]

レシチンアシル基転移酵素、レシチンアシルトランスフェラーゼ

関

lecithin cholesterol acyltransferase、phosphatidylcholine-sterol O-acyltransferase

「レシチン・コレステロールアシル基転移酵素」

　　[★]

英

lecithin cholesterol acyltransferase

関

レシチンアシルトランスフェラーゼ、レシチン・コレステロールアシルトランスフェラーゼ

「lecithin-cholesterol acyltransferase」

　　[★] レシチン・コレステロールアシルトランスフェラーゼ LCAT

「lecithin:cholesterol acyltransferase」

　　[★] レシチン・コレステロールアシルトランスフェラーゼ

「acyltransferase」

　　[★]

アシルトランスフェラーゼ、アシル転移酵素、アシル基転移酵素

関

transacylase

「cholesterol」

　　[★] コレステロール