WordNet

remove the charge from
a substance that is emitted or released (同)emission
any of several bodily processes by which substances go out of the body; "the discharge of pus" (同)emission, expelling
electrical conduction through a gas in an applied electric field (同)spark, arc, electric arc, electric_discharge
the act of discharging a gun (同)firing, firing off
the act of venting (同)venting
the pouring forth of a fluid (同)outpouring, run
the sudden giving off of energy
release from military service (同)muster out
pour forth or release; "discharge liquids"
move suddenly, energetically, or violently; "He burst out of the house into the cool night"
break open or apart suddenly and forcefully; "The dam burst" (同)bust
come open suddenly and violently, as if from internal pressure; "The bubble burst" (同)split, break_open
a sudden flurry of activity (often for no obvious reason); "a burst of applause"; "a fit of housecleaning" (同)fit
emerge suddenly; "The sun burst into view"
remove the burrs from (同)burr
seed vessel having hooks or prickles (同)burr
small bit used in dentistry or surgery (同)burr
having lost your job (同)dismissed, fired, laid-off, pink-slipped

PrepTutorEJDIC

〈船〉‘の'『荷を降ろす』;(積荷・客を)〈船〉‘から'降ろす《+『名』〈船〉+『of』+『名』〈荷〉》;(船から)〈積荷・客〉‘を'降ろす《+『名』〈荷〉+『from』+『名』〈船〉》 / (…に)…‘を'『発射する』《+『名』+『at』(『into』)+『名』》 / 〈煙・液体〉‘を'『出す』,排出する / (…から)〈人〉‘を'解放する,‘に'行くことを許す《+『名』〈人〉+『from』+『名』》 / (仕事から)〈人〉‘を'解雇する,くびにする《+『名』〈人〉+『from』+『名』》 / 〈職務・義務・約束など〉‘を'果たす,遂行する(fulfill) / 〈借金〉‘を'返済する,支払う(pay) / 〈電池など〉‘から'放電する / 〈船が〉『荷を降ろす』,荷揚げする / 〈水などが〉流れ出る,注ぐ,流出する / 〈鉄砲などが〉発射される / 放電する / 〈U〉『荷降ろし』,荷揚げ / 〈C〉発砲,発射 / 〈C〉『放出』,流出,排出;排出物 / 〈U〉解任,退出,解雇;解放,釈放 / 〈U〉(職務・義務などの)『遂行』,履行 / 〈U〉(負債の)『返済』,弁済 / 〈C〉〈U〉(電気の)放電
『破裂する』,爆発する / 〈つぼみが〉ほころびる / 《通例進行形で》(…で)はちきれそうにいっぱいである《+『with』+『名』》 / 『急に(…)する』 / …'を'破裂させる,爆発させる,破る / (…の)『破裂』,爆発《+『of』+『名』》 / (…の)『突発』《+『of』+『名』》

UpToDate Contents

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1. 乳頭分泌 nipple discharge
2. 退院 hospital discharge
3. 高リスク新生児の退院計画 discharge planning for high risk newborns
4. 運動以外の好中球機能 neutrophil functions other than movement
5. 成人における脊柱損傷：定義および機序 spinal column injuries in adults definitions and mechanisms

English Journal

The cholinergic agonist carbachol increases the frequency of spontaneous GABAergic synaptic currents in dorsal raphe serotonergic neurons in the mouse.

Yang C1, Brown RE2.Author information 1Laboratory of Neuroscience, Department of Psychiatry, VA Boston Healthcare System and Harvard Medical School, Brockton, MA, USA.2Laboratory of Neuroscience, Department of Psychiatry, VA Boston Healthcare System and Harvard Medical School, Brockton, MA, USA. Electronic address: Ritchie_Brown@hms.harvard.edu.AbstractDorsal raphe nucleus (DRN) serotonin (5-HT) neurons play an important role in feeding, mood control and stress responses. One important feature of their activity across the sleep-wake cycle is their reduced firing during rapid-eye-movement (REM) sleep which stands in stark contrast to the wake/REM-on discharge pattern of brainstem cholinergic neurons. A prominent model of REM sleep control posits a reciprocal interaction between these cell groups. 5-HT inhibits cholinergic neurons, and activation of nicotinic receptors can excite DRN 5-HT neurons but the cholinergic effect on inhibitory inputs is incompletely understood. Here, in vitro, in DRN brain slices prepared from GAD67-GFP knock-in mice, a brief (3min) bath application of carbachol (50μM) increased the frequency of spontaneous inhibitory postsynaptic currents (sIPSCs) in GFP-negative, putative 5-HT neurons but did not affect miniature (tetrodotoxin-insensitive) IPSCs. Carbachol had no direct postsynaptic effect. Thus, carbachol likely increases the activity of local GABAergic neurons which synapse on 5-HT neurons. Removal of dorsal regions of the slice including the ventrolateral periaqueductal gray (vlPAG) region where GABAergic neurons projecting to the DRN have been identified, abolished the effect of carbachol on sIPSCs whereas the removal of ventral regions containing the oral region of the pontine reticular nucleus (PnO) did not. In addition, carbachol directly excited GFP-positive, GABAergic vlPAG neurons. Antagonism of both muscarinic and nicotinic receptors completely abolished the effects of carbachol. We suggest cholinergic neurons inhibit DRN 5-HT neurons when acetylcholine levels are lower i.e. during quiet wakefulness and the beginning of REM sleep periods, in part via excitation of muscarinic and nicotinic receptors located on local vlPAG and DRN GABAergic neurons. Higher firing rates or burst firing of cholinergic neurons associated with attentive wakefulness or phasic REM sleep periods leads to excitation of 5-HT neurons via the activation of nicotinic receptors located postsynaptically and presynaptically on excitatory afferents.
Neuroscience.Neuroscience.2014 Jan 31;258:62-73. doi: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2013.11.005. Epub 2013 Nov 11.
Dorsal raphe nucleus (DRN) serotonin (5-HT) neurons play an important role in feeding, mood control and stress responses. One important feature of their activity across the sleep-wake cycle is their reduced firing during rapid-eye-movement (REM) sleep which stands in stark contrast to the wake/REM-o
PMID 24231737

Effects of H2S on the central regulation of respiration in adult rats.

Li H, Hou X, Ding Y, Nie L, Zhou H, Nie Z, Tang Y, Chen L, Zheng Y.Author information Departments of aPhysiology bHistology, Embryology and Neurobiology, West China School of Preclinical and Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan cDepartment of Histology and Embryology, Medical School, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan dDepartment of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ningxia, People's Republic of China.AbstractHydrogen sulfide (H2S) is a gasotransmitter synthesized from cysteine (Cys) by pyridoxal-5'-phosphate-dependent enzymes. We investigated the potential roles of H2S in the regulation of central rhythmic respiration in adult rats in vivo. Sodium hydrosulfide (NaHS: 2.5 mM, 10 mM, and 5 mM) as a source of exogenous H2S, Cys (2.5 mM, 10 mM and 5 mM) as a source of endogenous H2S, 2.5 mM Cys+10 mM hydroxylamine (NH2OH), and 10 mM NH2OH, respectively, were intracerebroventricularly injected into rats. The rhythmic discharge of the diaphragm, including burst duration (BD), burst interval (BI), burst frequency (BF), and integrated amplitude (IA), and arterial blood pressure (BP) were measured at different time points. The results were analyzed by analysis of variance. A total of 2.5 mM NaHS did not significantly affect changes in BD, BI, BF, IA, or BP (P>0.05), whereas 2.5 mM Cys significantly altered BD, BI, and BF (P<0.05); however, there was no change in IA and BP (P>0.05). A concentration of 5 mM Cys had effects similar to those of 5 mM NaHS; both induced biphasic respiratory responses and changed the BF (P<0.05). A concentration of 10 mM NH2OH irreversibly inhibited rhythmic discharge of the diaphragm except for IA, and BD was temporarily decreased (P<0.05). No change was seen in BI, BF, IA, or BP (P>0.05) in the 2.5 mM Cys+10 mM NH2OH group. These results suggest that exogenous and endogenous H2S may participate in the regulation of respiratory activity in adult rats.
Neuroreport.Neuroreport.2014 Jan 30. [Epub ahead of print]
Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) is a gasotransmitter synthesized from cysteine (Cys) by pyridoxal-5'-phosphate-dependent enzymes. We investigated the potential roles of H2S in the regulation of central rhythmic respiration in adult rats in vivo. Sodium hydrosulfide (NaHS: 2.5 mM, 10 mM, and 5 mM) as a source
PMID 24323123

Continuous Electroencephalogram in Comatose Postcardiac Arrest Syndrome Patients Treated With Therapeutic Hypothermia: Outcome Prediction Study.

Sadaka F, Doerr D, Hindia J, Lee KP, Logan W.Author information Mercy Hospital St Louis; St Louis University, St. Louis, MO, USA.AbstractPURPOSE: Therapeutic Hypothermia (TH) is the only therapeutic intervention proven to significantly improve survival and neurologic outcome in comatose postcardiac arrest patients and is now considered standard of care. When we discuss prognostication with regard to comatose survivors postcardiac arrest, we should look for tools that are both reliable and accurate and that achieve a false-positive rate (FPR) equal to or very closely approaching zero.
Journal of intensive care medicine.J Intensive Care Med.2014 Jan 7. [Epub ahead of print]
PURPOSE: Therapeutic Hypothermia (TH) is the only therapeutic intervention proven to significantly improve survival and neurologic outcome in comatose postcardiac arrest patients and is now considered standard of care. When we discuss prognostication with regard to comatose survivors postcardiac arr
PMID 24399172

Japanese Journal

高強度運動時の心拍同期性筋交感神経活動反応の検討

齊藤滿,片山敬章,石田浩司
心身科学部紀要 (10), 1-7, 2014-12
NAID 40020258997

Numerical Simulation of Landslide Dam Deformation by Overtopping Flow

, , , , , ,
International Journal of Erosion Control Engineering 7(3), 85-91, 2014
… Large landslide dams retain a large amount of water and often burst causing floods and catastrophic damage in the downstream area. … To understand the landslide dam deformation process and dam outflow discharge characteristics, we carried out field experiments of landslide dam erosion by overtopping flow. … In a third experimental case, small slope failure occurred and we found that small slope failure affects the outflow discharge. …
NAID 130004707040

神経眼科の切り口からみた弱視斜視臨床

内海隆
日本視能訓練士協会誌 42(0), 1-15, 2013
　神経眼科の立場からみると、弱視・斜視領域の臨床の中で疑問を感じることがいくつかある。<BR>　アトロピン使用法では、PEDIGの唱える片眼弱視治療における1％液の週末2回点眼では、点眼をしない月曜日から金曜日にかけて徐々に調節麻痺が弱まるという欠点がある。0.25％や0.5％液が調節麻痺剤として用いられているが、その調節麻痺力の客観的証拠はない。0.01％点眼に近視進行抑制予防作用が …
NAID 130004822865