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出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2019/06/09 10:46:42」(JST)

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The posterior inferior cerebellar artery (PICA), the largest branch of the vertebral artery, is one of the three main arterial blood supplies for the cerebellum, part of the brain. Occlusion of the posterior inferior cerebellar artery or one of its branches, or of the vertebral artery leads to lateral medullary syndrome also called Wallenberg syndrome.

Course

It winds backward around the upper part of the medulla oblongata, passing between the origins of the vagus nerve and the accessory nerve, over the inferior cerebellar peduncle to the undersurface of the cerebellum, where it divides into two branches.

The medial branch continues backward to the notch between the two hemispheres of the cerebellum; while the lateral supplies the under surface of the cerebellum, as far as its lateral border, where it anastomoses with the anterior inferior cerebellar and the superior cerebellar branches of the basilar artery.

Branches from this artery supply the choroid plexus of the fourth ventricle.

Clinical significance

A disrupted blood supply to this artery due to a blood clot or embolus will result in tissue damage and lead to lateral medullary syndrome, also known as posterior inferior cerebellar artery syndrome (PICA syndrome), or Wallenberg syndrome. Severe occlusion of this artery or to vertebral arteries could lead to Horner's Syndrome as well. Lateral medullary syndrome has many neurological symptoms.

References

This article incorporates text in the public domain from page 580 of the 20th edition of Gray's Anatomy (1918)

External links

DDB 10449

Anatomy photo:28:09-0225 at the SUNY Downstate Medical Center
"Anatomy diagram: 13048.000-1". Roche Lexicon - illustrated navigator. Elsevier. Archived from the original on 2014-01-01.

The arteries of the base of the brain. Posterior inferior cerebellar artery labeled at bottom. The temporal pole of the cerebrum and a portion of the cerebellar hemisphere have been removed on the right side. Inferior aspect (viewed from below).

UpToDate Contents

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1. 後方循環系の脳血管症候群posterior circulation cerebrovascular syndromes [show details]
… of the ICVA (the medulla and posterior inferior cerebellum) or the distal basilar artery (superior cerebellum, occipital and temporal lobes in the territory of the posterior cerebral arteries, or the thalamus …
2. 膣後壁欠損の外科的マネージメントsurgical management of posterior vaginal defects [show details]
… sphincter. Care should be taken with this step to avoid extensive lateral and posterior dissection and injury to the inferior hemorrhoidal nerves and vessels. The ends of the external anal sphincter are …
3. キアリ奇形chiari malformations [show details]
… combines a small posterior fossa with a high cervical or occipital encephalocele, usually with displacement of cerebellar structures into the encephalocele, and often with inferior displacement… displacement of the tentorium cerebelli are constant features . Additional findings that may be associated with CM-II include the following : Inferior displacement of the…
4. 女性骨盤の外科解剖学surgical female pelvic anatomy [show details]
…and extends superiorly between the posterior vagina and the rectum through the posterior cul-de-sac. Its most cephalad border is the posterior cul-de-sac just inferior to the cervix. It contains loose areolar …
5. 心筋虚血および心筋梗塞の診断における心電図electrocardiogram in the diagnosis of myocardial ischemia and infarction [show details]
…in combination with inferior infarction. Posterior inferior wall MI can usually be differentiated from anterior wall ischemia by the presence of ST-segment elevation in the inferior leads (II, III, aVF) …

English Journal

PMID 28846315

[Part of the vertebral artery in patients with sudden deafness].

Song Y, Lv F, Cai H, Wu H.
Lin chuang er bi yan hou tou jing wai ke za zhi = Journal of clinical otorhinolaryngology, head, and neck surgery. 2013 Aug;27(16)905-7.
To explore the characteristics of vertebral artery system in the patients with sudden deafness by using digital subtraction angiography (DSA). Thirty-four cases of sudden deafness with vertebrobasilar artery ischemia confirmed by the color doppler ultrasound were undergone DSA in both side. The char
PMID 24260870

[Cerebellar infarction in vascular teritorry of arteria cerebelli superior].

Savić D, Savić L.
Medicinski pregled. ;63(1-2)27-32.
Cerebellar vascular diseases are focal cerebrovascular diseases in posterior circulation--vertebrobasilar system. The cerebellum is supplied by three main arteries arising from the vertebrobasilar system: arteria cerebelli inferior posterior, arteria cerebelli inferior anterior and arteria cerebelli
PMID 20873306

Japanese Journal

椎骨動脈撮影における拡大開口位法

藤川積 [他],大岡秋朗,湯浅泰男,鹿島実由,松山晋也
日本放射線技術学会雑誌 34(5), 495-500, 1979
… Routine vertebral magnification angiography (VMG) with the screen system provides half-axial and lateral views or sometimes antero-posterior and lateral views. … However, in the half-axial and lateral views, accurate X-ray reading of the vascular system in posterior cranial fossa is in trouble. …
NAID 110003454576

小腦震盪症例

石川旭丸
耳鼻咽喉科臨床 27(4), 413-444, 1933
… Perhaps the lesion at the end branches of arteria cerebelli inferior posterior by the trauma produced some hemorrhaged fields of various sizes in the base of the left cerebellar hemisphere, umbus, nucleus which is contained at the left side of pons, the left vestibulonucleal cord, and near these parts. …
NAID 130001802841

Verschluss der Arteria cerebelli inferior posterior dextra (Mit Sektions-befund).

WALLENBERG A
Dtsch. Z. Nervenheilkd. 73, 189-212, 1922
NAID 30013056964

「後下小脳動脈」

Posterior inferior cerebellar artery
	The three major arteries of the cerebellum: the SCA, AICA, and PICA (posterior inferior cerebellar artery)
	Diagram of the arterial circulation at the base of the brain (PICA labeled at bottom right)
Details
Source	Vertebral artery
Branches	Medial branch ; lateral
Vein	Inferior cerebellar veins
Supplies	Cerebellum, choroid plexus of the fourth ventricle
Identifiers
Latin	Arteria cerebelli inferior posterior
TA	A12.2.08.012
FMA	50518
	Anatomical terminology; [edit on Wikidata]