WordNet

the 15th letter of the Roman alphabet (同)o
the blood group whose red cells carry neither the A nor B antigens; "people with type O blood are universal donors" (同)type_O, group O

PrepTutorEJDIC

《呼び掛けの名前の前につけて》『おお』,あ / (驚き・恐れ・喜び・苦痛などを表して)『おお』,ああ,まあ / 《肯定・否定を強めて》
oxygenの化学記号
ohmオーム / Old
osmiumの化学記号

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出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2015/12/01 18:41:59」(JST)

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Anti-streptolysin O (ASO or ASLO) is the antibody made against streptolysin O, an immunogenic, oxygen-labile hemolytic toxin produced by most strains of group A and many strains of groups C and G streptococci. The O in the name stands for oxygen-labile; the other related toxin being oxygen-stable streptolysin-S. The main function of streptolysin O is to cause hemolysis (the breaking open of red blood cells) in particular, beta-hemolysis.

Clinical significance

When the body is infected with streptococci, it produces antibodies against the various antigens that the streptococci produce. ASO is one such antibody. A raised or rising levels can indicate past or present infection. Historically it was one of the first bacterial markers used for diagnosis and follow up of rheumatic fever or scarlet fever. Its importance in this regard has not diminished.

Since these antibodies are produced as a delayed antibody reaction to the above-mentioned bacteria, there is no normal value. The presence of these antibodies indicates an exposure to these bacteria. However, as many people are exposed to these bacteria and remain asymptomatic, the mere presence of ASO does not indicate disease.

Acceptable values, where there is no clinical suspicion of rheumatism are as follows:

Adults: less than 200 units
Children: less than 400 units

This titre has a significance only if it is greatly elevated (>200), or if a rise in titre can be demonstrated in paired blood samples taken days apart. The antibody levels begin to rise after 1 to 3 weeks of strep infection, peaks in 3 to 5 weeks and falls back to insignificant levels in 6 months. Values need to be correlated with a clinical diagnosis.

Estimation

It is done by serological methods like latex agglutination or slide agglutination. ELISA may be performed to detect the exact titre value.

To detect the titre value, by a non-ELISA method, one has to perform the above agglutination using a serial dilution technique.

Mechanism of action

These antibodies produced against the bacteria cross-react with human antigens (mainly collagen) and hence attack the cellular matrix of various organs, mainly the heart, joints, skin, brain, etc.

Antistreptolysin O titre

Antistreptolysin O titre (AS(L)O titre or AS(L)OT) is a measure of the blood plasma levels of antistreptolysin O antibodies used in tests for the diagnosis of a streptococcal infection or indicate a past exposure to streptococci.

The ASOT helps direct antimicrobial treatment and is used to assist in the diagnosis of scarlet fever, rheumatic fever, and post infectious glomerulonephritis.

A positive test usually is >200 units/mL,^[1] but normal ranges vary from laboratory to laboratory and by age.^[2]

The false negatives rate is 20-30%.^[1] If a false negative is suspected, then an anti-DNase B titre should be sought. False positives can result from liver disease and tuberculosis.^[1]

References

^ ^a ^b ^c Antistreptococcal antibody titres. gpnotebook. URL: http://www.gpnotebook.co.uk/cache/-1630535637.htm. Accessed on: March 31, 2007.
^ Danchin M, Carlin J, Devenish W, Nolan T, Carapetis J (2005). "New normal ranges of antistreptolysin O and antideoxyribonuclease B titres for Australian children". J Paediatr Child Health 41 (11): 583–6. doi:10.1111/j.1440-1754.2005.00726.x. PMID 16398843.

External links

Antistreptococcal antibody titres - GPnotebook.co.uk.
Antistreptolysin O Titer - medterms.com.
Antistreptolysin O Titer, Serum
Streptococcal antibody tests - healthAtoZ.com

UpToDate Contents

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1. 急性リウマチ熱：臨床症状および診断 acute rheumatic fever clinical manifestations and diagnosis
2. A群レンサ球菌：病原性因子および発症機序 group a streptococcus virulence factors and pathogenic mechanisms
3. 溶連菌感染後糸球体腎炎 poststreptococcal glomerulonephritis
4. 関節の疼痛や腫脹がある小児の評価 evaluation of the child with joint pain and or swelling
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English Journal

Anterior and Intermediate Uveitis with Retinal Vasculitis: An Unusual Manifestation of Post-Streptococcal Uveitis Syndrome.

Filloy A1, Comas C2, Català-Mora J1,3.
Ocular immunology and inflammation.Ocul Immunol Inflamm.2015 Dec 29:1-3. [Epub ahead of print]
PURPOSE: To report a case of bilateral panuveitis with vasculitis, an unusual manifestation of post-streptococcal uveitis syndrome (PSU).METHODS: An 8-year-old patient consulted for bilateral red eye following acute tonsillitis. Exploration revealed bilateral anterior uveitis, vitritis, macular edem
PMID 26713592

A Case of Adult-Onset Acute Rheumatic Fever With Long-Lasting Atrioventricular Block Requiring Permanent Pacemaker Implantation.

Oba Y1, Watanabe H, Nishimura Y, Ueno S, Nagashima T, Imai Y, Shimpo M, Kario K.
International heart journal.Int Heart J.2015 Dec 2;56(6):664-7. doi: 10.1536/ihj.15-091. Epub 2015 Nov 9.
A 45-year-old hypertensive Japanese woman presented with epigastric pain on inspiration, fever, complete atrioventricular block and polyarthritis. Her antistreptolysin O levels were markedly elevated. A diagnosis of rheumatic fever was made according to the modified Jones criteria. She was prescribe
PMID 26549396

Is there an association between the Expanded Disability Status Scale and inflammatory markers in multiple sclerosis?

Guzel I1, Mungan S2, Oztekin ZN2, Ak F2.
Journal of the Chinese Medical Association : JCMA.J Chin Med Assoc.2015 Nov 14. pii: S1726-4901(15)00280-4. doi: 10.1016/j.jcma.2015.08.010. [Epub ahead of print]
BACKGROUND: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic autoimmune demyelinating disease characterized by inflammation of white matter in the central nervous system. It has been indicated that this inflammation causes increased levels of proinflammatory cytokines. Therefore, we aimed to evaluate if there i
PMID 26589195