WordNet

change color, often in an undesired manner; "The shirts discolored" (同)discolour, colour, color
cause to lose or change color; "The detergent discolored my shirts"
lose color or turn colorless; "The painting discolored"
the act of changing the natural color of something by making it duller or dingier or unnatural or faded (同)discolouration

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出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2016/02/07 09:14:17」(JST)

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1. 癜風 tinea versicolor pityriasis versicolor
2. 斑状の皮膚病変を有する患者へのアプローチ approach to the patient with macular skin lesions
3. Confluent and reticulated papillomatosis
4. ばら色粃糠疹 pityriasis rosea
5. 紅色陰癬 erythrasma

English Journal

Adsorption of Trametes versicolor laccase to soil iron and aluminum minerals: Enzyme activity, kinetics and stability studies.

Wu Y1, Jiang Y2, Jiao J3, Liu M4, Hu F5, Griffiths BS6, Li H7.Author information 1Soil Ecology Lab, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, PR China. Electronic address: uptowuyue@163.com.2Soil Ecology Lab, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, PR China. Electronic address: jy27486@163.com.3Soil Ecology Lab, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, PR China. Electronic address: jiaguojiao@njau.edu.cn.4Soil Ecology Lab, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, PR China. Electronic address: liumq@njau.edu.cn.5Soil Ecology Lab, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, PR China. Electronic address: fenghu@njau.edu.cn.6SRUC, Crop and Soil Systems Research Group, Edinburgh EH9 3JG UK. Electronic address: Bryan.Griffiths@sruc.ac.uk.7Soil Ecology Lab, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, PR China. Electronic address: huixinli@njau.edu.cn.AbstractLaccases play an important role in the degradation of soil phenol or phenol-like substance and can be potentially used in soil remediation through immobilization. Iron and aluminum minerals can adsorb extracellular enzymes in soil environment. In the present study, we investigated the adsorptive interaction of laccase, from the white-rot fungus Trametes versicolor, with soil iron and aluminum minerals and characterized the properties of the enzyme after adsorption to minerals. Results showed that both soil iron and aluminum minerals adsorbed great amount of laccase, independent of the mineral specific surface areas. Adsorbed laccases retained 26-64% of the activity of the free enzyme. Compared to the free laccase, all adsorbed laccases showed higher Km values and lower Vmax values, indicating a reduced enzyme-substrate affinity and a lower rate of substrate conversion in reactions catalyzed by the adsorbed laccase. Adsorbed laccases exhibited increased catalytic activities compared to the free laccase at low pH, implying the suitable application of iron and aluminum mineral-adsorbed T. versicolor laccase in soil bioremediation, especially in acid soils. In terms of the thermal profiles, adsorbed laccases showed decreased thermal stability and higher temperature sensitivity relative to the free laccase. Moreover, adsorption improved the resistance of laccase to proteolysis and extended the lifespan of laccase. Our results implied that adsorbed T. versicolor laccase on soil iron and aluminum minerals had promising potential in soil remediation.
Colloids and surfaces. B, Biointerfaces.Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces.2014 Feb 1;114:342-8. doi: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2013.10.016. Epub 2013 Oct 17.
Laccases play an important role in the degradation of soil phenol or phenol-like substance and can be potentially used in soil remediation through immobilization. Iron and aluminum minerals can adsorb extracellular enzymes in soil environment. In the present study, we investigated the adsorptive int
PMID 24225344

Bilirubin oxidase bioelectrocatalytic cathodes: the impact of hydrogen peroxide.

Milton RD, Giroud F, Thumser AE, Minteer SD, Slade RC.Author information Department of Chemistry, University of Surrey, Guildford, GU2 7XH, UK. r.slade@surrey.ac.uk.AbstractMediator-less, direct electro-catalytic reduction of oxygen to water by bilirubin oxidase (Myrothecium sp.) was obtained on anthracene-modified, multi-walled carbon nanotubes. H2O2 was found to significantly and irreversibly affect the electro-catalytic activity of bilirubin oxidase, whereas similar electrodes comprised of laccase (Trametes versicolor) were reversibly inhibited.
Chemical communications (Cambridge, England).Chem Commun (Camb).2014 Jan 4;50(1):94-6. doi: 10.1039/c3cc47689h. Epub 2013 Nov 4.
Mediator-less, direct electro-catalytic reduction of oxygen to water by bilirubin oxidase (Myrothecium sp.) was obtained on anthracene-modified, multi-walled carbon nanotubes. H2O2 was found to significantly and irreversibly affect the electro-catalytic activity of bilirubin oxidase, whereas similar
PMID 24185735

The interactive effects of chytrid fungus, pesticides, and exposure timing on gray treefrog (Hyla versicolor) larvae.

Hanlon SM, Parris MJ.Author information Department of Biological Sciences, University of Memphis, Memphis, Tennessee, USA.AbstractAquatic organisms are often exposed to a wide variety of perturbations in nature, including pathogens and chemical contaminants. Despite the co-occurrence of these 2 stressors, few studies have examined the effects of chemical contaminants on host-pathogen dynamics. The authors tested the individual and combined effects on gray treefrog (Hyla versicolor) tadpoles of 2 commonly used pesticides (Roundup® and Sevin®) and the pathogenic fungus Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis (Bd). A fully factorial design was used, and tadpoles were exposed to Bd, Roundup, or Sevin alone, or a combination of Bd and either pesticide at 3 points during larval development (early, mid, late). It was predicted that pesticides would mediate the effect of Bd on tadpoles and reduce the likelihood of negative consequences of infection and that timing of exposure would influence these effects. Tadpoles exposed to Bd at the mid point experienced higher survival through metamorphosis than those exposed to Bd at the early or late points, while tadpoles exposed to Sevin at the early point experienced reduced survival compared with those exposed to Roundup or no-pesticide control at the same exposure point. Roundup ameliorated the effects of Bd on survival compared with tadpoles exposed to Bd alone, while there was no interactive effect of Sevin on survival. In addition, Sevin reduced mass of new metamorphs compared with Roundup and reduced snout-vent length compared with all other treatments. The present study supports the hypothesis that pesticides can mitigate the effects of Bd on amphibian hosts and that such effects may depend on the timing of exposure. Environ Toxicol Chem 2014;33:216-222. © 2013 SETAC.
Environmental toxicology and chemistry / SETAC.Environ Toxicol Chem.2014 Jan;33(1):216-22. doi: 10.1002/etc.2419. Epub 2013 Nov 20.
Aquatic organisms are often exposed to a wide variety of perturbations in nature, including pathogens and chemical contaminants. Despite the co-occurrence of these 2 stressors, few studies have examined the effects of chemical contaminants on host-pathogen dynamics. The authors tested the individual
PMID 24259231