WordNet
- be smelled; have a strong odor
- either one of the two external openings to the nasal cavity in the nose (同)anterior naris
PrepTutorEJDIC
- 鼻孔
Wikipedia preview
出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア(Wikipedia)』「2013/07/18 19:23:38」(JST)
[Wiki en表示]
"Nares" redirects here. For information about the nostrils of a bird, see Beak#Nares. For other uses, see Nares (disambiguation).
A nostril (or naris, pl. nares, pronounced /neər iz/) is one of the two channels of the nose, from the point where they bifurcate to the external opening. In birds and mammals, they contain branched bones or cartilages called turbinates, whose function is to warm air on inhalation and remove moisture on exhalation. Fish do not breathe through their noses, but they do have two small holes used for smelling which may, indeed, be called nostrils.
The Procellariiformes are distinguished from other birds by having tubular extensions of their nostrils.
In humans, the nasal cycle is the normal ultradian cycle of each nostril's blood vessels becoming engorged in swelling, then shrinking.
The nostrils of an adult male
The nostrils are separated by the septum. The septum can sometimes be deviated, causing one nostril to appear larger than the other. With extreme damage to the septum, the two nostrils are no longer separated and form a single larger external opening.[1]
Like other tetrapods, humans have two external nostrils and two additional nostrils inside the head. These internal nostrils are called "choanae" and each contains approximately 1000 strands of nasal hair. They also connect the nose to the throat, aiding in respiration. Though all four were outside the head of our fish ancestors, they migrated back inside as evidenced by the discovery of Kenichthys campbelli, a 395 million-year-old fossilized fish which shows this migration in progress. It has two nostrils between its front teeth, similar to human embryos at an early stage. If these fail to join up, the result is a cleft palate.[2]
It is possible for humans to smell different olfactory inputs in the two nostrils and experience a perceptual rivalry akin to that of binocular rivalry when there are two different inputs to the two eyes.[3]
See also[edit]
References[edit]
- ^ Barnes, Anthony (6 June 2000). "Cocaine destroyed my nose, admits 'EastEnders' star". The Independent (London). Archived from the original on 24 April 2009. Retrieved 1 May 2012.
- ^ Lloyd, John; Mitchinson, John (2008). The Book of General Ignorance. London: Faber and Faber. pp. 2, 299. ISBN 978-0-571-24139-2. OCLC 191753333. Retrieved 16 July 2011.
- ^ Zhou, Wen; Chen, Denise (29 September 2009). "Binaral rivalry between the nostrils and in the cortex". Current Biology 19 (18): 1561–5. doi:10.1016/j.cub.2009.07.052. PMC 2901510. PMID 19699095. Retrieved 1 May 2012.
External links[edit]
- "nares" at Dorland's Medical Dictionary
- Nostril at eMedicine Dictionary
Head and neck, upper RT: Nose (TA A06.1, TH H3.05.01, GA 10.992)
|
|
External nose |
Ala of nose
nasal cartilages (of the septum, Greater alar, Lesser alar, Lateral nasal, Accessory nasal, Vomeronasal)
|
|
Nasal cavity |
Openings
|
Nasal vestibule · Nostril · Posterior nasal apertures
|
|
Lateral wall
|
Nasal conchae/meatus: Superior nasal concha · Middle nasal concha · Inferior nasal concha · Superior nasal meatus · Middle nasal meatus · Inferior nasal meatus
Sphenoethmoidal recess · Ethmoid bulla · Agger nasi · Ethmoidal infundibulum · Semilunar hiatus · Maxillary hiatus
|
|
Medial wall
|
Nasal septum · Vomeronasal organ
|
|
Mucous membrane
|
Olfactory mucosa
|
|
|
Paranasal sinuses |
Maxillary sinus · Sphenoidal sinuses · Frontal sinus · Ethmoid sinus
|
|
Naso-pharynx |
Pharyngeal opening of auditory tube (Salpingopharyngeal fold, Salpingopalatine fold, Torus tubarius) · Pharyngeal tonsil · Pharyngeal recess
|
|
|
anat (n, x, l, c)/phys/devp
|
noco (c, p)/cong/tumr, sysi/epon, injr
|
proc, drug (R1/2/3/5/6/7)
|
|
|
|
UpToDate Contents
全文を閲覧するには購読必要です。 To read the full text you will need to subscribe.
English Journal
- A modified USP induction port to characterize nasal spray plume geometry and predict turbinate deposition under flow.
- Moraga-Espinoza D1, Warnken Z2, Moore A2, Williams RO 3rd2, Smyth HDC3.
- International journal of pharmaceutics.Int J Pharm.2018 Sep 5;548(1):305-313. doi: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2018.06.058. Epub 2018 Jun 27.
- PMID 29960037
- The effect of ocular lubricants containing benzalkonium chloride on nasal mucosal flora.
- Onerci Celebi O1, Celebi ARC2.
- Cutaneous and ocular toxicology.Cutan Ocul Toxicol.2018 Sep;37(3):305-308. doi: 10.1080/15569527.2018.1456549. Epub 2018 Apr 6.
- PMID 29566579
- A CFD approach to understand nasoseptal perforations.
- Burgos MA1, Sanmiguel-Rojas E2, Rodríguez R3, Esteban-Ortega F4.
- European archives of oto-rhino-laryngology : official journal of the European Federation of Oto-Rhino-Laryngological Societies (EUFOS) : affiliated with the German Society for Oto-Rhino-Laryngology - Head and Neck Surgery.Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol.2018 Sep;275(9):2265-2272. doi: 10.1007/s00405-018-5073-6. Epub 2018 Jul 24.
- PMID 30043077
Japanese Journal
- 沖縄島から採集されたフグ科魚類<i>Tylerius spinosissimus</i>イバラフグ(新称)
- 松浦 啓一,片山 英里,吉野 哲夫
- 魚類学雑誌 65(2), 145-150, 2018
- … Examination of the 15 specimens have revealed that the species is distinguished from other pufferfishes by the following characters: dorsal-fin rays 9–11, anal-fin rays 6–7, pectoral-fin rays 15–17, body somewhat squarish in cross-section, snout short with dorsal surface dropping abruptly anterior to eye, nasal organ a short papilla with two nostrils, eye dorsally adnate only, ventrolateral skin fold absent, body anterior to anal-fin base densely covered by small spinules, dorsal and ventral lateral lines running on lateral surface of body; …
- NAID 130007505876
- 沖縄島から採集されたフグ科魚類<i>Tylerius spinosissimus</i>イバラフグ(新称)
- 松浦 啓一,片山 英里,吉野 哲夫
- 魚類学雑誌, 2018
- … Examination of the 15 specimens have revealed that the species is distinguished from other pufferfishes by the following characters: dorsal-fin rays 9–11, anal-fin rays 6–7, pectoral-fin rays 15–17, body somewhat squarish in cross-section, snout short with dorsal surface dropping abruptly anterior to eye, nasal organ a short papilla with two nostrils, eye dorsally adnate only, ventrolateral skin fold absent, body anterior to anal-fin base densely covered by small spinules, dorsal and ventral lateral lines running on lateral surface of body; …
- NAID 130007399001
- 沖縄県西表島から得られた日本初記録のウミヘビ科魚類マダラシマウミヘビ(新称)<i>Myrichthys paleracio</i>
- 田和 篤史,田原 義太慶,日比野 友亮
- 魚類学雑誌 65(1), 41-47, 2018
- … <p>Snake eels in the genus <i>Myrichthys</i>, characterized by molariform teeth, moderate to very elongate body, short snout, dorsal fin origin before gill openings, short pectoral fin, anterior nostrils tubular and elongate, posterior nostrils opening into mouth, and spotted and/or striped coloration, include 10 valid species and are commonly found along most tropical shores worldwide. …
- NAID 130006726309
Related Links
- Recent Examples on the Web Use buttercream to attach a pink Necco wafer or a small circle of pink fruit chew for the snout, then pipe small brown buttercream vertical lines for nostrils. — Woman's Day Kitchen, Woman's Day, "Spring Animal Cupcakes," 7 Mar. 2019 ...
- ‘Plug the other nostril and have the child gently blow through the nostril where the object is stuck.’ ‘He was about to reach shore, but then the haunting smell reached his nostrils again.’ ‘I could see the group standing nervously on the ...
- Many translated example sentences containing "nostrils" – Japanese-English dictionary and search engine for Japanese translations. ... タンパク質の遺伝子を搭載したセンダイウイルスベクターをワクチンとして感染者の 筋 肉 ま た は 鼻 孔 に投 ...
Related Pictures
★リンクテーブル★
[★]
鼻孔、外鼻孔