WordNet

similar to or containing or dissolved in water; "aqueous solutions"
produced by the action of water (同)sedimentary
soluble in water
provide with water; "We watered the buffalo"
binary compound that occurs at room temperature as a clear colorless odorless tasteless liquid; freezes into ice below 0 degrees centigrade and boils above 100 degrees centigrade; widely used as a solvent (同)H2O
supply with water, as with channels or ditches or streams; "Water the fields" (同)irrigate
once thought to be one of four elements composing the universe (Empedocles)
secrete or form water, as tears or saliva; "My mouth watered at the prospect of a good dinner"; "His eyes watered"
a liquid necessary for the life of most animals and plants; "he asked for a drink of water"
fill with tears; "His eyes were watering"
the quantity of a particular substance that can dissolve in a particular solvent (yielding a saturated solution)
the quality of being soluble and easily dissolved in liquid
wetting with water; "the lawn needs a great deal of watering"

PrepTutorEJDIC

水の,水を含んだ
〈U〉水 / 《しばしば複数形で》『海』(『湖,川』)『の水』 / 《複数形で》流れる水;(海・川・湖などの)波立つ水《+of+名》 / 《複数形で》(特定の)水域,領海,近海 / 〈U〉潮位,水位;《the water》水面 / 〈U〉分泌液(涙・汗・尿など) / 〈U〉溶液,…水 / 《複数形で》(飲用の)鉱泉水 / 〈U〉(織物・金属などの)波紋 / …‘に'『水をかける』(まく,やる) / 〈動物〉‘に'水を飲ませる / …‘に'水を供給する;…‘を'潅漑(かんがい)する / 〈液体など〉‘を'水で割る,薄める《+名+down,+down+名》 / 〈織物・金属など〉‘に'波紋(波模様)をつける / 〈動物などが〉水を飲む:〈船・機関などが〉給水を受ける / 〈目・口などが〉分泌液を出す
溶解性;溶解度

Wikipedia preview

出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2016/04/09 23:39:14」(JST)

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The first solvation shell of a sodium ion dissolved in water.

An aqueous solution is a solution in which the solvent is water. It is usually shown in chemical equations by appending (aq) to the relevant chemical formula. For example, a solution of table salt, or sodium chloride (NaCl), in water would be represented as NaCl(aq). The word aqueous means pertaining to, related to, similar to, or dissolved in water. As water is an excellent solvent and is also naturally abundant, it is a ubiquitous solvent in chemistry.

Substances that are hydrophobic ('water-fearing') often do not dissolve well in water, whereas those that are hydrophilic ('water-loving') do. An example of a hydrophilic substance is sodium chloride. Acids and bases are aqueous solutions, as part of their Arrhenius definitions.

The ability of a substance to dissolve in water is determined by whether the substance can match or exceed the strong attractive forces that water molecules generate between themselves. If the substance lacks the ability to dissolve in water the molecules form a precipitate.

Reactions in aqueous solutions are usually metathesis reactions. Metathesis reactions are another term for double-displacement; that is, when a cation displaces to form an ionic bond with the other anion. The cation bonded with the latter anion will dissociate and bond with the other anion.

Aqueous solutions that conduct electric current efficiently contain strong electrolytes, while ones that conduct poorly are considered to have weak electrolytes. Those strong electrolytes are substances that are completely ionized in water, whereas the weak electrolytes exhibit only a small degree of ionization in water.

Nonelectrolytes are substances that dissolve in water yet maintain their molecular integrity (do not dissociate into ions). Examples include sugar, urea, glycerol, and methylsulfonylmethane (MSM).

When writing the equations of aqueous reactions, it is essential to determine the precipitate. To determine the precipitate, one must consult a chart of solubility. Soluble compounds are aqueous, while insoluble compounds are the precipitate. Remember that there may not always be a precipitate.

When performing calculations regarding the reacting of one or more aqueous solutions, in general one must know the concentration, or molarity, of the aqueous solutions. Solution concentration is given in terms of the form of the solute prior to it dissolving.

References

Zumdahl S. 1997. Chemistry. 4th ed. Boston: Houghton Mifflin Company. p 133-145.

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