同: VCUG

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出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2016/02/27 09:44:51」(JST)

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In urology, a voiding cystourethrogram (VCUG), also micturating cystourethrogram (MCUG), is a technique for visualizing a person's urethra and urinary bladder while the person urinates (voids). The technique consists of catheterizing the person in order to fill the bladder with a radiocontrast agent, typically diatrizoic acid. Under fluoroscopy (real time x-rays) the radiologist watches the contrast enter the bladder and looks at the anatomy of the patient. If the contrast moves into the ureters and back into the kidneys, the radiologist makes the diagnosis of vesicoureteral reflux, and gives the degree of severity a score. The exam ends when the person voids while the radiologist is watching under fluoroscopy. Consumption of fluid promotes excretion of contrast media after the procedure. It is important to watch the contrast during voiding, because this is when the bladder has the most pressure, and it is most likely this is when reflux will occur.

Vesicoureteral reflux (kidney reflux) is diagnosed with an ultrasound and VCUG. Children who have recurrent urinary tract infections are given this test to determine the risk of subsequent infections causing potentially damaging kidney infections.

Indications

All males with recurrent UTIs (urinary tract infections) or abnormality on ultrasound if first UTI.
Females < 3 years of age with their first UTI.
Females < 5 years of age with febrile UTIs
Older females with pyelonephritis or recurrent UTIs
Suspected obstruction (e.g. bilateral hydronephrosis)
Suspected bladder trauma or rupture
Stress incontinence (urine)

Contraindications

Untreated urinary tract infection
Hypersensitivity to contrast media
Fever within the past 24 hours

External links

Voiding cystourethrogram - National Library of Medicine
What is a voiding cystourethrogram? - radiologyinfo.org

UpToDate Contents

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1. 乳児および1ヶ月以上の小児における尿路感染症の急性期マネージメント、画像検査、
および予後 acute management imaging and prognosis of urinary tract infections in infants and children older than one month
2. 腎疾患の放射線学的評価 radiologic assessment of renal disease
3. 小児における膀胱機能障害の評価および診断 evaluation and diagnosis of bladder dysfunction in children
4. 新生児における尿路感染症 urinary tract infections in newborns
5. 膀胱尿管逆流の症状、診断、および臨床経過 presentation diagnosis and clinical course of vesicoureteral reflux

English Journal

Late diagnosis of posterior urethral valves.

Zornoza M1, Angulo JM2, Parente A2, Simal S2, Burgos L2, Ortiz R2.
Actas urologicas espanolas.Actas Urol Esp.2015 Jun 22. pii: S0210-4806(15)00165-5. doi: 10.1016/j.acuro.2015.05.005. [Epub ahead of print]
CLINICAL PROBLEM: We diagnosed 8 patients with late-stage posterior urethral valves (PUV) between 1 and 14 years of age. Five patients complained of symptoms related to voiding dysfunction. The other 3 patients required urethrocystoscopy for other reasons (hypospadias fistulae, difficulty with cathe
PMID 26112258

Vesicovaginal Reflux and Urocolpos.

Fernández-Ibieta M1, Martínez-Castaño I1, Guirao-Piñera MJ1, Vicente-Calderón C2, Piñero-Fernández J2, Zambudio-Carmona G1, García-López A3, Ruiz-Jiménez JI1.
Archivos espanoles de urologia.Arch Esp Urol.2015 Jun;68(5):502-505.
OBJECTIVE: Vesico-vaginal reflux (VVR) is defined as the reflux of urine into the vaginal vault during voiding, occasionally seen in pre- adolescent girls. The typical history consists in post voiding leaks in the daytime, that correspond to the progressive urine discharge from the vagina, after it
PMID 26102054

Impact of common functional polymorphisms in renin angiotensin system genes on the risk of renal parenchymal scarring following childhood urinary tract infection.

Hussein A1, Elderwy AA2, Askar E3, Afifi N4, Askar G5, Metwalley KA6, Alsaeid M7.
Journal of pediatric urology.J Pediatr Urol.2015 Jun;11(3):152.e1-7. doi: 10.1016/j.jpurol.2015.02.017. Epub 2015 Apr 16.
BACKGROUND: Pathogenesis of renal parenchymal scarring (RPS) after acute pyelonephritis (APN) is unclear. The risk of RPS varies markedly among individuals, suggesting a genetic role.OBJECTIVE: To investigate a possible role of common polymorphisms in renin angiotensin system genes in APN-associated
PMID 25939993