WordNet

any of the enzymes that hydrolize the carboxyl group
an amino acid found in most proteins; a precursor of several hormones

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出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2016/03/22 00:51:54」(JST)

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In enzymology, a tyrosine decarboxylase (EC 4.1.1.25) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction

L-tyrosine tyramine + CO₂

Hence, this enzyme has one substrate, L-tyrosine, and two products, tyramine and carbon dioxide.

This enzyme belongs to the family of lyases, specifically the carboxy-lyases, which cleave carbon-carbon bonds. The systematic name of this enzyme class is L-tyrosine carboxy-lyase (tyramine-forming). Other names in common use include L-tyrosine decarboxylase, L-(−)-tyrosine apodecarboxylase, and L-tyrosine carboxy-lyase. This enzyme participates in tyrosine metabolism and alkaloid biosynthesis. It employs one cofactor, pyridoxal phosphate.

References

McGilvery RW and Cohen PP (1948). "The decarboxylation of L-phenylalanine by Streptococcus faecalis R". J. Biol. Chem. 174 (3): 813–816. PMID 18871240.

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1. チロシン代謝障害 disorders of tyrosine metabolism
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3. ケトーシス傾向のある糖尿病症候群 syndromes of ketosis prone diabetes mellitus
4. 進行消化管間質腫瘍に対するチロシンキナーゼ阻害剤療法 tyrosine kinase inhibitor therapy for advanced gastrointestinal stromal tumors
5. 1型糖尿病の病因 pathogenesis of type 1 diabetes mellitus

English Journal

Epigenetic control of neurotransmitter expression in olfactory bulb interneurons.

Banerjee K, Akiba Y, Baker H, Cave JW.SourceBurke Medical Research Institute, 785 Mamaroneck Avenue, White Plains, NY 10605, United States.
International journal of developmental neuroscience : the official journal of the International Society for Developmental Neuroscience.Int J Dev Neurosci.2013 Oct;31(6):415-23. doi: 10.1016/j.ijdevneu.2012.11.009. Epub 2012 Dec 3.
Defining the molecular mechanisms that underlie development and maintenance of neuronal phenotypic diversity in the CNS is a fundamental challenge in developmental neurobiology. The vast majority of olfactory bulb (OB) interneurons are GABAergic and this neurotransmitter phenotype is specified in mi
PMID 23220178

Heterogeneous composition of dopamine neurons of the rat A10 region: molecular evidence for diverse signaling properties.

Li X, Qi J, Yamaguchi T, Wang HL, Morales M.SourceNational Institute On Drug Abuse, Intramural Research Program, Neuronal Networks Section, 251 Bayview Boulevard, Baltimore, MD, 21224, USA.
Brain structure & function.Brain Struct Funct.2013 Sep;218(5):1159-76. doi: 10.1007/s00429-012-0452-z. Epub 2012 Aug 29.
The A10 region contains different neurons: dopamine (expressing tyrosine hydroxylase; TH), GABA, glutamate-only (expressing the vesicular glutamate transporter 2; VGluT2), and TH-VGluT2 (coexpressing TH and VGluT2). We used three methods to investigate proteins necessary for the synthesis (aromatic
PMID 22926514

Analysis of the autoimmune regulator gene in patients with autoimmune non-APECED polyendocrinopathies.

Palma A, Gianchecchi E, Palombi M, Luciano R, Di Carlo P, Crinò A, Cappa M, Fierabracci A.SourceImmunology Area, Research Laboratories, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy. Electronic address: alessia.palma@opbg.net.
Genomics.Genomics.2013 Sep;102(3):163-8. doi: 10.1016/j.ygeno.2013.04.016. Epub 2013 Apr 30.
The pathogenesis of autoimmunity was derived from a complex interaction of genetic and environmental factors. Autoimmune polyendocrinopathy-candidiasis-ectodermal dystrophy is a rare autosomal recessive disease caused by mutations in the autoimmune regulator (AIRE) gene. AIRE gene variants and, in p
PMID 23643663

Japanese Journal

2P-109 草本系モデル植物ブラキポディウム由来芳香族脱炭酸酵素を用いた酵母によるチラミン合成(代謝工学,一般講演)

野田修平,白井智量,持田恵一,松田史夫,近藤昭彦
日本生物工学会大会講演要旨集 66, 134, 2014-08-05
NAID 110009906493

Analysis of plasmids encoding the tyrosine decarboxylase gene in Tetragenococcus halophilus isolated from fish sauce

Satomi Masataka,Shozen Kei-ichi,Furutani Ayumi [他]
Fisheries science 80(4), 849-858, 2014-07
NAID 40020126005

嗅覚系脳神経回路の解明 : 鼻閉モデルマウスを用いた嗅入力遮断効果の解析

谷口美季,清蔭恵美,小林和人,樋田一徳
川崎医学会誌 40(2), 67-75, 2014
… 有するニューロンによって調整される.臨床の場において,慢性副鼻腔炎や鼻茸等で長期間鼻が遮蔽されると症状改善後に嗅覚異常を認めることがある.また,げっ歯類の片鼻閉実験では,糸球体近傍ニューロンのtyrosine hydroxylase(TH)の発現が低下・消失することが知られている.そこで本研究では,マウス及びTH発現をgreen fluorescent protein(GFP)でモニターした遺伝子改変マウス(TH-GFPマウス)を用い,機能的遮断を施したモデルマウスを …
NAID 110009866502

「チロシン脱炭酸酵素」

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tyrosine decarboxylase
Identifiers
EC number	4.1.1.25
CAS number	9002-09-9
Databases
IntEnz	IntEnz view
BRENDA	BRENDA entry
ExPASy	NiceZyme view
KEGG	KEGG entry
MetaCyc	metabolic pathway
PRIAM	profile
PDB structures	RCSB PDB PDBe PDBsum
Gene Ontology	AmiGO / EGO
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PMC	articles
PubMed	articles
NCBI	proteins