torpor

• n.

• 鈍麻、精神活動不活発、非活動状態

関

blunting、dullness、obtundation

　 　

WordNet

1. a state of motor and mental inactivity with a partial suspension of sensibility; "he fell into a deep torpor" (同)torpidity
2. without sharpness or clearness of edge or point; "the dullness of the pencil made his writing illegible" (同)bluntness
3. a lack of visual brightness; "the brightness of the orange sky was reflected in the dullness of the orange sea"
4. lack of sensibility; "there was a dullness in his heart"; "without him the dullness of her life crept into her work no matter how she tried to compartmentalize it."
5. the quality of being slow to understand (同)obtuseness
6. the quality of lacking interestingness; "the stories were of a dullness to bring a buffalo to its knees"

PrepTutorEJDIC

1. 不活発,無気力 / 鈍感,無感動 / 冬眠[状態]
2. 鈍さ,鈍感,不活発,退屈

Wikipedia preview

出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2014/08/18 02:21:40」(JST)

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Part of a series on
Animal dormancy
Torpor Hibernation Hibernaculum HIT Aestivation Cryptobiosis Brumation Diapause Embryonic diapause Winter rest Critical thermal maximum Sleep (non-human)

Torpor is a state of decreased physiological activity in an animal, usually by a reduced body temperature and metabolic rate. Torpor enables animals to survive periods of reduced food availability. A torpor bout can refer to the period of time a hibernator spends at low body temperature, lasting days to weeks, or it can refer to a period of low body temperature and metabolism lasting less than 24 hours, as in "daily torpor".

Animals that undergo daily torpor include birds (even tiny hummingbirds, notably Cypselomorphae) and some mammals, including many marsupial species, rodent species, such as mice, and bats. During the active part of their day, such animals maintain normal body temperature and activity levels, but their metabolic rate and body temperature drops during a portion of the day (usually night) to conserve energy. Torpor is often used to help animals survive during periods of colder temperatures, as it allows them to save the energy that would normally be used to maintain a high body temperature.

Some animals seasonally go into long periods of inactivity, with reduced body temperature and metabolism, made up of multiple torpor bouts known as hibernation if it occurs during winter, or aestivation if it occurs during the summer. Daily torpor, on the other hand, is not seasonally dependent and can be an important part of energy conservation at any time of year.

Torpor is a well controlled thermoregulatory process and not, as previously thought, the result of switching off thermoregulation. Marsupial torpor differs from non-marsupial mammalian (Eutherial) torpor in the characteristics of arousal. Eutherial arousal relies on a heat-producing brown adipose tissue as a mechanism to accelerate rewarming. The mechanism of marsupial arousal is unknown, but appears not to rely on brown adipose tissue.

See also

• Critical thermal maximum
• Dormancy
• Stupor

Notes

English Journal

• Measuring subcutaneous temperature and differential rates of rewarming from hibernation and daily torpor in two species of bats.

• Currie SE1, Körtner G2, Geiser F2.
• Comparative biochemistry and physiology. Part A, Molecular & integrative physiology.Comp Biochem Physiol A Mol Integr Physiol.2015 Dec;190:26-31. doi: 10.1016/j.cbpa.2015.08.007. Epub 2015 Aug 20.
• Prolonged and remote measurement of body temperature (Tb) in undisturbed small hibernators was not possible in the past because of technological limitations. Although passive integrated transponders (PITs) have been used previously to measure subcutaneous temperature (Tsub) during daily torpor in a
• PMID 26300411

• Seasonal adaptation of dwarf hamsters (Genus Phodopus): differences between species and their geographic origin.

• Müller D1, Hauer J1, Schöttner K1,2, Fritzsche P1, Weinert D3.
• Journal of comparative physiology. B, Biochemical, systemic, and environmental physiology.J Comp Physiol B.2015 Dec;185(8):917-30. doi: 10.1007/s00360-015-0926-4. Epub 2015 Sep 1.
• The genus Phodopus consists of three species-P. campbelli (Pc), P. sungorus (Ps), and P. roborovskii (Pr). They inhabit steppes, semi-deserts, and deserts in continental Asia with a climate changing from a moderate to a hard Continental one with extreme daily and seasonal variations. These different
• PMID 26323343

• How to spend the summer? Free-living dormice (Glis glis) can hibernate for 11 months in non-reproductive years.

• Hoelzl F1, Bieber C2, Cornils JS2, Gerritsmann H2, Stalder GL2, Walzer C2, Ruf T2.
• Journal of comparative physiology. B, Biochemical, systemic, and environmental physiology.J Comp Physiol B.2015 Dec;185(8):931-9. doi: 10.1007/s00360-015-0929-1. Epub 2015 Aug 21.
• Edible dormice are arboreal rodents adapted to yearly fluctuations in seed production of European beech, a major food source for this species. In years of low beech seed abundance, dormice skip reproduction and non-reproductive dormice fed ad libitum in captivity can display summer dormancy in addit
• PMID 26293446

• Daily and annual cycles in thermoregulatory behaviour and cardio-respiratory physiology of black and white tegu lizards.

• Sanders CE1, Tattersall GJ2, Reichert M1, Andrade DV3, Abe AS3, Milsom WK4.
• Journal of comparative physiology. B, Biochemical, systemic, and environmental physiology.J Comp Physiol B.2015 Dec;185(8):905-15. doi: 10.1007/s00360-015-0928-2. Epub 2015 Aug 13.
• This study was designed to determine the manner in which metabolism is suppressed during dormancy in black and white tegu lizards (Tupinambis merianae). To this end, heart rate (f H), respiration rate (f R), and deep body temperature (T b) were continuously monitored in outdoor enclosures by radio-t
• PMID 26266400

Japanese Journal

• NEWS AND PERSPECTIVES : Evidence of prolonged torpor in Goodman's mouse lemurs at Ankafobe forest, central Madagascar

• Primates 58(1), 31-37, 2017-01
• NAID 40021062244

• Roost characteristics as indicators for heterothermic behavior of forest-dwelling bats

• Ecological research 31(3), 385-391, 2016-05
• NAID 40020831912

• 2種のスナネズミ(Meriones unguiculatusとTatera indica)の休眠能力

• 環動昆 = Japanese journal of environmental entomology and zoology : 日本環境動物昆虫学会誌 27(1), 9-16, 2016
• NAID 40020846252

• ２種のスナネズミ（Meriones unguiculatus と Tatera indica）の休眠能力

• 環動昆 27(1), 9-16, 2016
• NAID 130005432897

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★リンクテーブル★

リンク元	「鈍麻」「dullness」「blunting」「obtundation」「非活動状態」

「鈍麻」

　　[★]

英

obtundation、dullness、torpor、blunting

関

遅鈍、非活動状態、平滑末端化、精神活動不活発、鈍重

「dullness」

　　[★]

• n.

• 鈍麻、遅鈍、鈍重

関

blunting、obtundation、sluggish、torpor

　 　 　 　 　 　

「blunting」

　　[★]

• n.

• 平滑末端化、鈍麻

関

blunt、dullness、obtundation、torpor

「obtundation」

　　[★]

• n.

• 鈍麻

関

blunting、dullness、torpor

「非活動状態」

　　[★]

英

torpor

関

鈍麻、精神活動不活発