WordNet

strong lightweight wood of the balsa tree used especially for floats (同)balsa wood
forest tree of lowland Central America having a strong very light wood; used for making floats and rafts and in crafts (同)Ochroma lagopus
any of various fragrant oleoresins used in medicines and perfumes
any seed plant yielding balsam
an ointment containing a fragrant resin
aromatic yellowish brown balsam from the tolu balsam tree used especially in cough syrups (同)balsam of tolu, tolu_balsam

PrepTutorEJDIC

《方向》(1)(到着の意を含めて)…『へ』,に,まで / 《状況の変化》…[のほう]へ;…に[なるまで],その結果…になる / 《適用範囲》(1)《動詞に伴って》『…に対して』,に,へ / (2)《形容詞[句]・[代]名倍に伴って》『…に対して』 / 《程度・範囲》『…[に至る]まで』 / 《時間の終り》『…まで』(till) / 《to one's+『名』の形で》(…が)『…したことに[は]』 / 《比較・対比・割合》『…と比べて』,より,に対して / 《一致・適合》『…に合わせて』,に合って,に応じて / 《目的・意図》『…のために』 / 《運命・境遇》『…に』 / 《所属・関係》『…へ』,に[対して] / 《付加・付着・固執》『…に』 / 《対立・対向》…に[対して] / いつもの状態(位置)に / 停止(閉鎖)の状態に / 活動状態に(へ),仕事に
《名詞的用法》『…すること』 / 《形容詞的用法》『…するための,すべき』 / 《副詞的用法》『…するために』,して,するとは,すれば / 《独立用法》 / 《文全体を修飾する慣用語句》…すれば,してみると,…だが / 短縮文
〈U〉バルサ材(軽く強いので,救命用具・いかだ・模型飛行機などに用いる) / 〈C〉バルサの木(熱帯アメリカ産)
〈U〉バルサム,香膏(こう)(液状樹脂;薬用・工業用) / 〈C〉ホウセンカの類

Wikipedia preview

出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2017/02/26 21:44:39」(JST)

wiki en

Myroxylon balsamum

Tolu balsam is a recent (non-fossil) resin that originates from South America (Colombia, Peru, Venezuela), similar to Balsam of Peru.

It is tapped from the living trunks of Myroxylon balsamum (see Myroxylon). It is a brownish, sticky, semisolid mass.^[1] An essential oil is also distilled from the balsam. The balsam contains a fairly large amount of benzyl and cinnamyl esters of benzoic and cinnamic acid (benzyl benzoate, benzyl cinnamate).^[2]

Uses

The resin is still used in certain cough syrup formulas. However its main use in the modern era is in perfumery, where it is valued for its warm, mellow yet somewhat spicy scent.

It is also used as a natural remedy for skin rashes. Ironically, it is a well known cause of contact dermatitis, a form of skin allergy.

Tolu has begun to be used in the niche perfume industry, notably by Ormonde Jayne Perfumery, which launched its oriental perfume Tolu in 2002, and also in 2010 by Esteban, which launched Baume Tolu. Both perfumes have a velvety rich quality.

History

In 1841, Henri Étienne Sainte-Claire Deville isolated toluene by the dry distillation of tolu balsam.^[3] The resin, as well as the leaves and fruit, have been traditionally used by the people of Central America and South America to relieve coughs and asthma, and to treat wounds. Its name comes from Tolú (singular); Tolúes (plural), the name of the native precolumbian people that used to be the inhabitants at the same place where now is located Tolú, a small town and municipality in Sucre Department, northern Colombia (South America) by the Caribbean sea. Tolúes were the first reported to be using this resin in early Spanish chronicles.^{[citation needed]}

Tolu balsam (M. balasamum) is named after Santiago de Tolu

— http://www.prcupcc.com/herbs/herbsb/balsamoftolu.htm

References

^ Klemens Fiebach; Dieter Grimm (2007), "Resins, Natural", Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry (7th ed.), Wiley, p. 4
^ Karl-Georg Fahlbusch; et al. (2007), "Flavors and Fragrances", Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry (7th ed.), Wiley, p. 116
^ Jörg Fabri; et al. (2007), "Toluene", Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry (7th ed.), Wiley, p. 4

UpToDate Contents

全文を閲覧するには購読必要です。 To read the full text you will need to subscribe.

1. アレルギー性接触皮膚炎の一般的なアレルゲン common allergens in allergic contact dermatitis
2. うっ滞性皮膚炎 stasis dermatitis
3. 小児における接触皮膚炎 contact dermatitis in children

English Journal

Basics of compounding with balsams.

Allen LV Jr1.
International journal of pharmaceutical compounding.Int J Pharm Compd.2013 Nov-Dec;17(6):490-5.
Balsams have been used in pharmacy for centuries for many different purposes. Balsams include benzoin, Peruvian balsam, storax, and tolu balsam. Balsams are aromatic and usually oily resinous substances flowing from various plants and generally containing some amount of benzoic or cinnamic acid. His
PMID 24579300

Genital contact dermatitis: a retrospective analysis.

Bhate K1, Landeck L, Gonzalez E, Neumann K, Schalock PC.
Dermatitis : contact, atopic, occupational, drug.Dermatitis.2010 Nov-Dec;21(6):317-20.
BACKGROUND: many topical products are used in the genital region. Allergic contact dermatitis (ACD) may develop from product use or due to treatment of an underlying dermatosis.OBJECTIVES: our goal was to identify the frequency of ACD and identify top allergens in the genital region.METHODS: data we
PMID 21144343

Activation of the human transient receptor potential vanilloid subtype 1 by essential oils.

Ohkawara S1, Tanaka-Kagawa T, Furukawa Y, Nishimura T, Jinno H.
Biological & pharmaceutical bulletin.Biol Pharm Bull.2010;33(8):1434-7.
Transient receptor potential vanilloid subtype 1 (TRPV1) is a non-selective cation channel activated by capsaicin. TRPV1 is expressed not only on human sensory neurons but also on human epidermal and hair follicle keratinocytes. Therefore, TRPV1 could have the potential to be a therapeutic target fo
PMID 20686244