胸郭　　　　

WordNet

part of an insects body that bears the wings and legs
the part of the human torso between the neck and the diaphragm or the corresponding part in other vertebrates (同)chest, pectus
the middle region of the body of an arthropod between the head and the abdomen
box with a lid; used for storage; usually large and sturdy
the anterior part of an insects thorax; bears the first pair of legs

PrepTutorEJDIC

(人間や動物の)胸,胸部 / (昆虫の)胸部
(ふた付きのじょうぶな)『大箱』,ひつ / 《米》たんす(=chest of drawers) / (…の)たんすいっぱい《+『of』+『名』》 / 『胸[部]』,肺
胸の,胸部の

Wikipedia preview

出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2012/08/06 12:34:38」(JST)

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This article mainly refers to animal anatomy. See Human thorax, also known as the chest, for the human anatomy article.

For other uses, see Thorax (disambiguation).

The trilobite body is divided into three major sections, a cephalon with eyes, mouthparts and sensory organs such as antennae, a thorax of multiple similar segments (that in some species allowed them to roll up into a ball), and a pygidium, or tail section.

The thorax (from Greek "θώραξ" - thorax, "breastplate, cuirass, corslet"^[1]) is a division of an animal's body that lies between the head and the abdomen.

In tetrapods

Main article: Chest

In mammals, the thorax is the region of the body formed by the sternum, the thoracic vertebrae, and the ribs. It extends from the neck to the diaphragm, and does not include the upper limbs. The heart and the lungs reside in the thoracic cavity, as well as many blood vessels. The inner organs are protected by the rib cage and the sternum.

In arthropods

Main article: Thorax (insect anatomy)

In insects and the extinct trilobites, the thorax is one of the three main divisions (or tagmata) of the creature's body, each of which is in turn composed of multiple segments. It is the area where the wings and legs attach in insects, or an area of multiple articulating plates in trilobites. In most insects, the thorax itself is composed of three segments; the prothorax, the mesothorax, and the metathorax. In extant insects, the prothorax never has wings, though legs are always present in adults; wings (when present) are restricted to at least the mesothorax, and typically also the metathorax, though the wings may be reduced or modified on either or both segments. In the Apocritan Hymenoptera, the first abdominal segment is fused to the metathorax, where it forms a structure known as the propodeum. Accordingly, in these insects, the functional thorax is composed of four segments, and is therefore typically called the mesosoma to distinguish it from the "thorax" of other insects.

Each thoracic segment in an insect is further subdivided into various parts, the most significant of which are the dorsal portion (the notum), the lateral portion (the pleuron; one on each side), and the ventral portion (the sternum). In some insects, each of these parts is composed of one to several independent exoskeletal plates with membrane between them (called sclerites), though in many cases the sclerites are fused to various degrees.

References

^ θώραξ, Henry George Liddell, Robert Scott, A Greek-English Lexicon, on Perseus Digital Library

Sam Gon III. "A guide to the Orders of Trilobites". http://www.trilobites.info/index.htm. Retrieved August 23, 2005.

UpToDate Contents

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1. 胸部MRI magnetic resonance imaging of the thorax
2. Thoracic endometriosis: Pathogenesis, epidemiology, and pathology
3. 腹部および胸部のカンジダ感染症 candida infections of the abdomen and thorax
4. 妊娠中の気道変化 respiratory tract changes during pregnancy
5. 児童虐待：胸部、腹部、後腹膜および骨盤の外傷 child abuse injuries of the thorax abdomen retroperitoneum and pelvis

English Journal

Inhaled nitric oxide for acute chest syndrome in adult sickle cell patients: a randomized controlled study.

Maitre B1,2,3,4, Djibre M5,6, Katsahian S7,8, Habibi A7,9, Stankovic Stojanovic K10, Khellaf M7,9, Bourgeon I11,12, Lionnet F6,10, Charles-Nelson A7,8, Brochard L11,13, Lemaire F11,12, Galacteros F7,14, Brun-Buisson C11,12, Fartoukh M12,5,6, Mekontso Dessap A11,12.
Intensive care medicine.Intensive Care Med.2015 Dec;41(12):2121-9. doi: 10.1007/s00134-015-4060-2. Epub 2015 Oct 2.
PURPOSE: Previous clinical trials suggested that inhaled nitric oxide (iNO) could have beneficial effects in sickle cell disease (SCD) patients with acute chest syndrome (ACS).METHODS: To determine whether iNO reduces treatment failure rate in adult patients with ACS, we conducted a prospective, dou
PMID 26431718

Regional variations in percutaneous absorption of methimazole: an in vitro study on cat skin.

Hill KE1, Chambers JP1, Jones BR1, Bolwell CF1, Aberdein D1, Mills PC2.
Journal of veterinary pharmacology and therapeutics.J Vet Pharmacol Ther.2015 Dec;38(6):616-8. doi: 10.1111/jvp.12220. Epub 2015 Feb 26.
The use of transdermal gel medications in cats has become popular in veterinary medicine due to the ease of administration compared to oral medication. The research to support systemic absorption of drugs after transdermal gel administration and the preferred skin region to apply these drugs in cats
PMID 25728360

Computed tomography of the thorax for gastric cancer staging: is it necessary?

Chong CS1, Ng CW1, Shabbir A1, Kono K1, So JB2.
Scandinavian journal of surgery : SJS : official organ for the Finnish Surgical Society and the Scandinavian Surgical Society.Scand J Surg.2015 Dec;104(4):244-7. doi: 10.1177/1457496915571400. Epub 2015 Feb 13.
BACKGROUND: The utility of computed tomography scans of the thorax, abdomen, and pelvis for gastric cancer staging has been recommended in many countries. However, the validity of the use of computed tomography thorax in gastric cancer staging has not been challenged.METHODS: A retrospective review
PMID 25681056

Posterior approach to kidney dissection: An old surgical approach for integrated medical curricula.

Daly FJ1, Bolender DL2, Jain D3, Uyeda S4, Hoagland TM2.
Anatomical sciences education.Anat Sci Educ.2015 Nov 12;8(6):555-63. doi: 10.1002/ase.1520. Epub 2015 Feb 16.
Integrated medical curricular changes are altering the historical regional anatomy approach to abdominal dissection. The renal system is linked physiologically and biochemically to the cardiovascular and respiratory systems; yet, anatomists often approach the urinary system as part of the abdomen an
PMID 25688744

Japanese Journal

縦隔圧排により呼吸不全を来した慢性出血性膿胸の麻酔経験

黒瀧健二,吉田明子,伊藤洋介 [他]
麻酔 64(1), 84-86, 2015-01
NAID 40020314376

呼吸性移動を伴う肺癌に対するVMAT における適切な線量計算パラメータ決定方法

松林史泰,橋本成世,上原隆三,高橋良,伊藤康,五月女達子,関谷結子,中島大,北村望,佐藤智春,小塚拓洋,小口正彦
日本放射線技術学会雑誌 71(4), 301-307, 2015
… We prepared 5 VMAT plans for imitating lung tumor in thorax dynamic phantom. …
NAID 130005064931

昆虫形態の基本概念を児童が形成するためのICTを活用した教材開発に関する研究

小池守,鴨下央,小松田勇樹 [他],佐藤仁紀,永沼充,高津戸秀
科学教育研究 39(1), 19-31, 2015
… Like a slot machine, three drawings of the head, thorax and abdomen of a given insect must be put together on a PC. …
NAID 130005064791

左肺が無形成であった先天性左横隔膜ヘルニアの1症例

村上孟司,日高庸博,城戸咲,福嶋恒太郎,永田公二,田口智章,加藤聖子
超音波医学 advpub(0), 2015
… 先天性横隔膜ヘルニア胎児の肺低形成を超音波で評価するにあたって，肺胸郭断面積比（lung-to-thorax transverse ratio: LTR）や肺断面積児頭周囲長比（lung area to head circumference ratio: LHR）が用いられるが，これらの指標は健側肺がターゲットであり，患側肺は考慮しない．今回，胎児期に左横隔膜ヘルニアと診断，LTRやLHRは低値でなかったにもかかわらず，生後に重篤な経過をたどり，手術時に左肺の無形成が判明，救命できな …
NAID 130005063654

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