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出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2013/04/04 19:56:58」(JST)

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Thoracoscopy is a medical procedure involving internal examination, biopsy, and/or resection of disease or masses within the pleural cavity and thoracic cavity.^[1] Thoracoscopy may be performed either under general anaesthesia or under sedation with local anaesthetic.

History

Thoracoscopy was developed by Hans Christian Jacobaeus, a Swedish internist in 1910 for the treatment of tuberculous intra-thoracic adhesions. He used a cystoscope to examine the thoracic cavity, developing his technique over the next twenty years. Today, thoracoscopy is performed using specialized thoracoscopes. These instruments include a light source and a lens for viewing and may have ports through which other instruments may be inserted for the purpose of tissue removal and manipulation.

Video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery

Video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS) is a surgical operation involving thoracoscopy, usually performed by a thoracic surgeon using general or local/regional anaesthesia with additional sedation as necessary. It has historically also been referred to as pleuroscopy. A wide variety of diagnostic and therapeutic procedures may be performed with this technique which has become very popular and increasingly so since the early 1990s. Prior to this, limited diagnostic procedures were done using variations on the cystoscope since 1910. Advances in direct optical visualization were quickly surpassed when video cameras were attached to the endoscopes. The advent of endoscopic stapling was also a major advance so that complicated procedures such as pulmonary lobectomy could be performed safely.

References

^ "thoracoscopy" at Dorland's Medical Dictionary

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1. 胸腔鏡の概要 an overview of medical thoracoscopy
2. 診断的胸腔鏡検査の適応 indications for diagnostic thoracoscopy
3. 局所麻酔下胸腔鏡の治療的使用 therapeutic uses of medical thoracoscopy
4. 成人における原発性自然気胸 primary spontaneous pneumothorax in adults
5. 小児における肺炎随伴胸水および膿胸の管理および予後 management and prognosis of parapneumonic effusion and empyema in children

English Journal

Image-guided pleural biopsy.

Koegelenberg CF, Diacon AH.SourceaDivision of Pulmonology, Department of Medicine bDivision of Medical Physiology, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Tygerberg Academic Hospital, Cape Town, South Africa.
Current opinion in pulmonary medicine.Curr Opin Pulm Med.2013 Jul;19(4):368-73. doi: 10.1097/MCP.0b013e32835f4c23.
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: The most efficient and cost-effective approach to pleural exudates not diagnosed by means of thoracocentesis remains uncertain. Both closed pleural biopsy and thoracoscopy may be utilized for the acquisition of pleural tissue. This review will focus on the developments in image gu
PMID 23719295

Factors predicting poor survival after lung-sparing radical pleurectomy of IMIG stage III malignant pleural mesothelioma.

Bölükbas S, Eberlein M, Kudelin N, Demes M, Stallmann S, Fisseler-Eckhoff A, Schirren J.SourceDepartment of Thoracic Surgery, Dr.-Horst-Schmidt-Klinik (Teaching Hospital of Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz), Wiesbaden, Germany.
European journal of cardio-thoracic surgery : official journal of the European Association for Cardio-thoracic Surgery.Eur J Cardiothorac Surg.2013 Jul;44(1):119-23. doi: 10.1093/ejcts/ezs648. Epub 2012 Dec 13.
OBJECTIVES: The role of radical pleurectomy (RP) in the management of IMIG stage III in malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM) remains controversial. The aim of the study was to investigate the feasibility and outcome as well as to determine factors predicting poor survival.METHODS: Patients having IM
PMID 23242984

Initial single-port thoracoscopy to reduce surgical trauma during open en bloc chest wall and pulmonary resection for locally invasive cancer.

Bayarri CI, de Guevara AC, Martin-Ucar AE.SourceDepartment of Thoracic Surgery, Virgen de las Nieves University Hospital, Granada, Spain.
Interactive cardiovascular and thoracic surgery.Interact Cardiovasc Thorac Surg.2013 Jul;17(1):32-5. doi: 10.1093/icvts/ivt159. Epub 2013 Apr 16.
OBJECTIVES En bloc pulmonary and chest wall resection is the preferred method of treatment for locally invasive lung carcinoma. However, it carries major trauma to the chest wall, especially in cases with chest wall involvement distant to the potential location of 'traditional' thoracotomies. We des
PMID 23592724

Japanese Journal

症例胸水中adenosine deaminaseが高値を示し局所麻酔下胸腔鏡検査で診断確定した悪性胸膜中皮腫の1例

寺下聡,辻本大起,杉山陽介 [他]
日本呼吸器学会誌 = Annals of the Japanese Respiratory Society 4(1), 72-75, 2015-01-10
NAID 40020369114

局所麻酔下胸腔鏡により診断し得たサルコイドーシス随伴性胸水の1例

石川宏明,渡辺裕子,沼田岳士,箭内英俊,遠藤健夫
気管支学 : 日本気管支研究会雑誌 36(6), 622-626, 2014-11-25
背景.サルコイドーシスは肺や心臓,眼などに非乾酪性肉芽腫を生じる原因不明の全身疾患であるが,胸水を伴う症例は稀である.今回我々は,局所麻酔下胸腔鏡検査を用いてサルコイドーシス随伴性の胸水と診断した1例を経験したので報告する.症例.44歳男性.サルコイドーシスの診断で16年間経過観察していた.経過中,咳嗽と呼吸困難感が出現し,胸部X線検査で右胸水の出現と肺野陰影の増悪を認めた.胸水は滲出性かつリンパ …
NAID 110009878690

特異な進展形式を示し後縦隔腫瘍と術前診断された肺過誤腫の1例

関根康寛,星野英久,石川亜紀,小出卓,松島秀和,門山周文
気管支学 : 日本気管支研究会雑誌 36(6), 594-598, 2014-11-25
背景.肺過誤腫は良性腫瘍の中で最も頻度が高く,発生部位から肺実質型,気管支内型に分類されているが,稀に肺外に突出するような進展形式を示すものがある.症例.52歳,女性.健診で胸部異常陰影を指摘され当院紹介となった.胸部CTでは,右後縦隔に20mm大の結節影を認めた.胸部MRIでは,T1強調画像で骨格筋と同程度の信号強度を呈し,T2強調画像で内部に一部低信号域を含む不均一な高信号の結節として認められ …
NAID 110009878685