チオニン
- 関
- thionine
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出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2015/02/25 04:19:12」(JST)
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| Plant thionin |
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Wheat beta-purothionin. Alpha helices in red, beta sheets in blue, disulphide bridges in yellow. PDB 1BHP
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| Identifiers |
| Symbol |
Thionin |
| Pfam |
PF00321 |
| InterPro |
IPR001010 |
| PROSITE |
PDOC00244 |
| SCOP |
1cnb |
| SUPERFAMILY |
1cnb |
| TCDB |
1.C.44 |
| OPM superfamily |
149 |
| OPM protein |
2plh |
| Available protein structures: |
| Pfam |
structures |
| PDB |
RCSB PDB; PDBe; PDBj |
| PDBsum |
structure summary |
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Not to be confused with Thionine or Gamma thionin.
Thionins (without an e) are a family of small proteins found solely in higher plants. Typically, a thionin consists of 45–48 amino acid residues. 6–8 of these are cysteine forming 3–4 disulfide bonds. Some thionins have cytotoxic activity and they are therefore interesting in the development of new drugs against cancer with novel action mechanisms.[1] No thionin has yet been developed into an anti-cancer drug. Alpha- and beta- thionins are related to each other. Gamma thionins have a similar structure but are an unrelated class of protein, now called plant defensins.
The proteins are toxic to animal cells, presumably attacking the cell membrane and rendering it permeable: this results in the inhibition of sugar uptake and allows potassium and phosphate ions, proteins, and nucleotides to leak from cells.[2] Thionins are mainly found in seeds where they may act as a defence against consumption by animals. A barley (Hordeum vulgare) leaf thionin that is highly toxic to plant pathogens and is involved in the mechanism of plant defence against microbial infections has also been identified.[3] The hydrophobic protein crambin from the Abyssinian kale (Crambe abyssinica) is also a member of the thionin family.[2]
Databases
A database for antimicrobial peptides, including thionins is available: PhytAMP.[4]
See also
- Crambins
- Gamma thionins
- Antimicrobial peptides
References
- ^ Florack DE, Stiekema WJ (October 1994). "Thionins: properties, possible biological roles and mechanisms of action". Plant Mol. Biol. 26 (1): 25–37. doi:10.1007/BF00039517. PMID 7948874.
- ^ a b Vernon LP, Evett GE, Zeikus RD, Gray WR (1985). "A toxic thionin from Pyrularia pubera: purification, properties, and amino acid sequence". Arch. Biochem. Biophys. 238 (1): 18–29. doi:10.1016/0003-9861(85)90136-5. PMID 3985614.
- ^ Apel K, Andresen I, Becker W, Schluter K, Burges J, Parthier B (1992). "The identification of leaf thionin as one of the main jasmonate-induced proteins of barley (Hordeum vulgare)". Plant Mol. Biol. 19 (2): 193–204. doi:10.1007/BF00027341. PMID 1377959.
- ^ "PhytAMP Database". ; Hammami R, Ben Hamida J, Vergoten G, Fliss I (January 2009). "PhytAMP: a database dedicated to antimicrobial plant peptides". Nucleic Acids Res. 37 (Database issue): D963–8. doi:10.1093/nar/gkn655. PMC 2686510. PMID 18836196.
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Protein: cell membrane proteins (other than Cell surface receptor, enzymes, and cytoskeleton)
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| Arrestin |
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| Membrane-spanning 4A |
- MS4A1
- MS4A2
- MS4A3
- MS4A4A
- MS4A4E
- MS4A5
- MS4A6A
- MS4A6E
- MS4A7
- MS4A8B
- MS4A9
- MS4A10
- MS4A12
- MS4A13
- MS4A14
- MS4A15
- MS4A18
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| Myelin |
- Myelin basic protein
- Myelin proteolipid protein
- Myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein
- Myelin-associated glycoprotein
- Myelin protein zero
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| Pulmonary surfactant |
- Pulmonary surfactant-associated protein B
- Pulmonary surfactant-associated protein C
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| Tetraspanin |
- TSPAN1
- TSPAN2
- TSPAN3
- TSPAN4
- TSPAN5
- TSPAN6
- TSPAN7
- TSPAN8
- TSPAN9
- TSPAN10
- TSPAN11
- TSPAN12
- TSPAN13
- TSPAN14
- TSPAN15
- TSPAN16
- TSPAN17
- TSPAN18
- TSPAN19
- TSPAN20
- TSPAN21
- TSPAN22
- TSPAN23
- TSPAN24
- TSPAN25
- TSPAN26
- TSPAN27
- TSPAN28
- TSPAN29
- TSPAN30
- TSPAN31
- TSPAN32
- TSPAN33
- TSPAN34
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| Other/ungrouped |
- Calnexin
- LDL-receptor-related protein-associated protein
- Neurofibromin 2
- Presenilin
- HFE
- Phospholipid transfer proteins
- Dysferlin
- STRC
- OTOF
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see also other cell membrane protein disorders
B memb: cead, trns (1A, 1C, 1F, 2A, 3A1, 3A2-3, 3D), other
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English Journal
- Reperfusion Rather than Ischemia Drives the Formation of Ubiquitin Aggregates After Middle Cerebral Artery Occlusion.
- Hochrainer K, Jackman K, Anrather J, Iadecola C.SourceFrom the Division of Neurobiology, Department of Neurology and Neuroscience, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY.
- Stroke; a journal of cerebral circulation.Stroke.2012 Jun 14. [Epub ahead of print]
- BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Cerebral ischemia leads to accumulation of ubiquitinated protein aggregates. However, the factors triggering ubiquitination and their impact on the outcome of cerebral ischemia remain poorly understood. Here we investigate the relationship between ubiquitin aggregation and du
- PMID 22700531
- Transgenic sweet potato expressing thionin from barley gives resistance to black rot disease caused by Ceratocystis fimbriata in leaves and storage roots.
- Muramoto N, Tanaka T, Shimamura T, Mitsukawa N, Hori E, Koda K, Otani M, Hirai M, Nakamura K, Imaeda T.SourceBiotechnology Laboratory, Toyota Central R&D Laboratories, Inc., Nagakute, Aichi, 480-1192, Japan, e1130@mosk.tytlabs.co.jp.
- Plant cell reports.Plant Cell Rep.2012 Jun;31(6):987-97. Epub 2012 Jan 3.
- Black rot of sweet potato caused by pathogenic fungus Ceratocystis fimbriata severely deteriorates both growth of plants and post-harvest storage. Antimicrobial peptides from various organisms have broad range activities of killing bacteria, mycobacteria, and fungi. Plant thionin peptide exhibited a
- PMID 22212462
Japanese Journal
- Enhanced resistance to gray mold (Botrytis cinerea) in transgenic potato plants expressing thionin genes isolated from Brassicaceae species
- Hoshikawa Ken,Ishihara Go,Takahashi Hiroko [他]
- Plant Biotechnology 29(1), 87-93, 2012-03
- NAID 40019221562
- 2P-2083 イネ由来ディヘンシン様蛋白質(γ-チオニン)の微生物生産と抗菌スペクトルの解析(7a 植物細胞工学,組織培養,育種工学,一般演題,植物バイオテクノロジー,伝統の技と先端科学技術の融合)
Related Links
- Thionin Stain, Modified Wisconsin. This stain is specific for DNA and Nissl substance, which is primarily ribosomal RNA. Thionin binds to acidic proteins and nucleic ...
- 815 101410 Publication No. 815.00 Thionin — The Two-Faced Solution Light Energy and Chemical Energy Demonstration Introduction A large beaker contains a bright ...
Related Pictures
★リンクテーブル★
[★]
- 英
- (翻訳開始阻害タンパク質)thionin、(色素)thionine
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シスタチオニンβ合成酵素、シスタチオニンβシンターゼ
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ホルミルメチオニン
- 関
- fMet
[★]
メチオニン Met M
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チオニン
- 関
- thionin