蓋、視蓋
- 関
- lid、optic tecta、optic tectum、tectal、tectorial
WordNet
- a movable top or cover (hinged or separate) for closing the opening at the top of a box, chest, jar, pan, etc.; "he raised the piano lid"
PrepTutorEJDIC
- 『ふた』 / まぶた(eyelid)
Wikipedia preview
出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2012/07/07 02:40:10」(JST)
[Wiki en表示]
| Brain: Midbrain tectum |
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| Deep dissection of brain-stem. Lateral view. |
| Latin |
t. mesencephali |
| Part of |
Midbrain |
| NeuroNames |
hier-448 |
| NeuroLex ID |
birnlex_1032 |
| Dorlands/Elsevier |
Tectum of midbrain |
The tectum (Latin: roof) is a region of the brain, specifically the dorsal part of the mesencephalon (midbrain). This is contrasted with the tegmentum, which refers to the region ventral to the ventricular system. The tectum is responsible for auditory and visual reflexes.
It is derived in embryonic development from the alar plate of the neural tube.
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Contents
- 1 Colliculi
- 2 Related terms
- 3 Additional images
- 4 See also
- 5 External links
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Colliculi
In adult humans, it only consists of the inferior and the superior colliculi.
- The superior colliculus is involved in preliminary visual processing and control of eye movements. In non-mammalian vertebrates it serves as the main visual area of the brain, functionally analogous to the visual areas of the cerebral cortex in mammals.
- The inferior colliculus is involved in auditory processing. It receives input from various brain stem nuclei and projects to the medial geniculate nucleus of the thalamus, which relays auditory information to the primary auditory cortex.
Both colliculi also have descending projections to the paramedian pontine reticular formation and spinal cord, and thus can be involved in responses to stimuli faster than cortical processing would allow. Collectively the colliculi are referred to as the corpora quadrigemina.
Related terms
The term "tectal plate" (or "quadrigeminal plate") is used to describe the junction of the gray and white matter in the embryo. (NeuroNames ancil-453)
Additional images
See also
- List of regions in the human brain
- Tectospinal tract
External links
- Diagram
- Photo
- Roche Lexicon - illustrated navigator, at Elsevier 13048.000-3
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Human brain: mesencephalon (midbrain) (TA A14.1.06, GA 9.800)
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Tectum
(Dorsal) |
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Surface
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Corpora quadrigemina: Inferior colliculi (Brachium of inferior colliculus), Superior colliculi (Brachium of superior colliculus)
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Grey matter
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Pretectal area
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White: Sensory/ascending
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Spinotectal tract · Central tegmental tract
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White: Motor/descending
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Tectospinal tract
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Peduncle
(Ventral) |
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Tegmentum
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White: Sensory/ascending
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lemnisci (Medial, Lateral) · Ascending MLF (Vestibulo-oculomotor fibers) · Spinothalamic tract · Anterior trigeminothalamic tract · Dentatothalamic tract
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White: Motor/descending
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Rubrospinal tract · Rubro-olivary tract · Descending MLF
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Grey: cranial nuclei
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GSA (V: Mesencephalic) - GSE (III: Oculomotor, IV: Trochlear) - GVE (III: Edinger-Westphal)
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Grey: other
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Periaqueductal gray/Raphe nuclei (Dorsal raphe nucleus)
Ventral tegmental area • Pedunculopontine nucleus • Red nucleus
riMLF
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Ventricular system
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Cerebral aqueduct
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Base
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White: Motor/descending
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Cerebral crus: Corticospinal tract · Corticobulbar tract · Corticopontine tract/Frontopontine fibers/Temporopontine fibers
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Grey: Substantia nigra
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Pars compacta · Pars reticulata
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Surface
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Superior cerebellar peduncle (Decussation of superior cerebellar peduncles) · Interpeduncular fossa
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anat(n/s/m/p/4/e/b/d/c/a/f/l/g)/phys/devp
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noco(m/d/e/h/v/s)/cong/tumr, sysi/epon, injr
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proc, drug(N1A/2AB/C/3/4/7A/B/C/D)
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Brain and spinal cord: neural tracts and fasciculi
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Sensory/
ascending |
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PCML
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1°: Pacinian corpuscle/Meissner's corpuscle → Gracile fasciculus/Cuneate fasciculus → Gracile nucleus/Cuneate nucleus
2°: → sensory decussation/arcuate fibers (Posterior external arcuate fibers, Internal arcuate fibers) → Medial lemniscus/Trigeminal lemniscus → Thalamus (VPL, VPM)
3°: → Posterior limb of internal capsule → Postcentral gyrus
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Anterolateral/
pain
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Fast/lateral
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1° (Free nerve ending → A delta fiber) → 2° (Anterior white commissure → Lateral and Anterior Spinothalamic tract → Spinal lemniscus → VPL of Thalamus) → 3° (Postcentral gyrus) → 4° (Posterior parietal cortex)
2° ( Spinotectal tract → Superior colliculus of Midbrain tectum)
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Slow/medial
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1° (Group C nerve fiber → Spinoreticular tract → Reticular formation) → 2° (MD of Thalamus) → 3° (Cingulate cortex)
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Motor/
descending |
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Pyramidal
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flexion: Primary motor cortex → Posterior limb of internal capsule → Decussation of pyramids → Corticospinal tract (Lateral, Anterior) → Neuromuscular junction
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Extrapyramidal
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flexion: Primary motor cortex → Genu of internal capsule → Corticobulbar tract → Facial motor nucleus → Facial muscles
flexion: Red nucleus → Rubrospinal tract
extension: Vestibulocerebellum → Vestibular nuclei → Vestibulospinal tract
extension: Vestibulocerebellum → Reticular formation → Reticulospinal tract
Midbrain tectum → Tectospinal tract → muscles of neck
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Basal ganglia
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direct: 1° (Motor cortex → Striatum) → 2° (GPi) → 3° (Lenticular fasciculus/Ansa lenticularis → Thalamic fasciculus → VL of Thalamus) → 4° (Thalamocortical radiations → Supplementary motor area) → 5° (Motor cortex)
indirect: 1° (Motor cortex → Striatum) → 2° (GPe) → 3° (Subthalamic fasciculus → Subthalamic nucleus) → 4° (Subthalamic fasciculus → GPi) → 5° (Lenticular fasciculus/Ansa lenticularis → Thalamic fasciculus → VL of Thalamus) → 6° (Thalamocortical radiations → Supplementary motor area) → 7° (Motor cortex)
nigrostriatal pathway: Pars compacta → Striatum
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| Cerebellar |
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Afferent
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Vestibular nucleus → Vestibulocerebellar tract → ICP → Cerebellum → Granule cell
Pontine nuclei → Pontocerebellar fibers → MCP → Deep cerebellar nuclei → Granule cell
Inferior olivary nucleus → Olivocerebellar tract → ICP → Hemisphere → Purkinje cell → Deep cerebellar nuclei
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Efferent
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Dentate nucleus in Lateral hemisphere/pontocerebellum → SCP → Dentatothalamic tract → Thalamus (VL) → Motor cortex
Interposed nucleus in Intermediate hemisphere/spinocerebellum → SCP → Reticular formation, or → Cerebellothalamic tract → Red nucleus → Thalamus (VL) → Motor cortex
Fastigial nucleus in Flocculonodular lobe/vestibulocerebellum → Vestibulocerebellar tract → Vestibular nucleus
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Bidirectional:
Spinocerebellar
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Unc. prop.
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lower limb → 1° (muscle spindles → DRG) → 2° (Posterior thoracic nucleus → Dorsal/posterior spinocerebellar tract → ICP → Cerebellar vermis)
upper limb → 1° (muscle spindles → DRG) → 2° (Accessory cuneate nucleus → Cuneocerebellar tract → ICP → Anterior lobe of cerebellum)
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Reflex arc
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lower limb → 1° (Golgi tendon organ) → 2° (Ventral/anterior spinocerebellar tract→ SCP → Cerebellar vermis)
upper limb → 1° (Golgi tendon organ) → 2° ( Rostral spinocerebellar tract → ICP → Cerebellum)
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anat(n/s/m/p/4/e/b/d/c/a/f/l/g)/phys/devp
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noco(m/d/e/h/v/s)/cong/tumr, sysi/epon, injr
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proc, drug(N1A/2AB/C/3/4/7A/B/C/D)
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anat(h/r/t/c/b/l/s/a)/phys(r)/devp/prot/nttr/nttm/ntrp
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noco/auto/cong/tumr, sysi/epon, injr
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UpToDate Contents
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English Journal
- Pyrene induces a reduction in midbrain size and abnormal swimming behavior in early-hatched pufferfish larvae.
- Sugahara Y1, Kawaguchi M2, Itoyama T1, Kurokawa D3, Tosa Y1, Kitamura S4, Handoh IC5, Nakayama K6, Murakami Y7.
- Marine pollution bulletin.Mar Pollut Bull.2014 Aug 30;85(2):479-86. doi: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2014.04.022. Epub 2014 May 1.
- Spills of heavy oil (HO) have an adverse effect on marine life. We have demonstrated previously that exposure to HO by fertilized eggs of the pufferfish (Takifugu rubripes) induces neural disruption and behavioral abnormality in early-hatched larvae. Here, two kinds of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbo
- PMID 24793779
- Organization of the orexin/hypocretin system in the brain of two basal actinopterygian fishes, the cladistians Polypterus senegalus and Erpetoichthys calabaricus.
- López JM1, Sanz-Morello B1, González A2.
- Peptides.Peptides.2014 Aug 25. pii: S0196-9781(14)00254-X. doi: 10.1016/j.peptides.2014.08.011. [Epub ahead of print]
- Cladistians are primitive actinopterygian fishes mostly neglected in neuroanatomical studies. In the present study, the detailed neuroanatomical distribution of orexin (hypocretin)-like immunoreactive (OX-ir) cell bodies and fibers was analyzed in the brain of two species representative of the two e
- PMID 25169954
- An investigation of appetite-related peptide transcript expression in Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua) brain following a Camelina sativa meal-supplemented feeding trial.
- Tuziak SM1, Rise ML2, Volkoff H3.
- Gene.Gene.2014 Aug 21. pii: S0378-1119(14)00965-2. doi: 10.1016/j.gene.2014.08.039. [Epub ahead of print]
- Camelina sativa is a hardy oilseed crop with seeds that contain high levels of ω3 polyunsaturated fatty acids and protein, which are critical components of fish feed. Camelina might thus be used as a cheaper and more sustainable supplement to fish-based products in aquaculture. Atlantic cod, Gadus
- PMID 25151310
Japanese Journal
- Damage in brain development by morpholino knockdown of zebrafish dax1(GENETICS, MOLECULAR BIOLOGY, AND GENE ENGINEERING)
- Yajima Yoshifumi,Vestergaard Mun'delanji C.,Takagi Masahiro
- Journal of bioscience and bioengineering 113(6), 683-688, 2012-06
- … The enlarged tectum and the protruded rhombomeres were observed. …
- NAID 110009470585
- 中脳の解剖と外科治療(<特集>脳室・脳幹病変の外科治療)
- 名取 良弘
- 脳神経外科ジャーナル 20(6), 432-437, 2011-06-20
- … 中脳は,中脳水道から背側の四丘体(quadrigeminal plate)を含む中脳蓋(tectum),左右一対の大脳脚(crus cerebri),中脳蓋と大脳脚に挟まれた中脳被蓋(tegmentum)の3つに大きく分割される.基本的に手術アプローチは,中脳蓋へは,occipital transtentorial approachかinfratentorial supracerebellar approachを,中脳被蓋へは,extreme lateral supracerebellar infratentorial approachやsubtemporal approachを,大脳脚へはorbitozygomatic approachかtrans-sylvian approachを選択するが,後遺症を最小限 …
- NAID 110008662230
- Neurogenesis during optic tectum regeneration in Xenopus laevis
- BERNARDINI Sergio,GARGIOLI Cesare,CANNATA Stefano M.,FILONI Sergio
- Development, growth & differentiation 52(4), 365-376, 2010-05-01
- NAID 10027564823
Related Links
- The tectum (Latin: roof) is a region of the brain, specifically the dorsal part of the mesencephalon (midbrain). This is contrasted with the tegmentum, which refers to the region ventral to the ventricular system. The tectum is responsible for ...
Related Pictures
★リンクテーブル★
[★]
- 関
- lid、optic tecta、optic tectum、tectorial、tectum
[★]
- 英
- lid、tectum、tectal、tectorial
- 関
- 視蓋
[★]
視蓋
- 関
- optic tectum、tectal、tectum
[★]
- 関
- lid、tectal、tectum
[★]
中脳蓋、中脳被蓋
- 関
- corpora quadrigemina、quadrigeminal plate、tegmentum mesencephali
[★]
視蓋
- 関
- optic tecta、superior colliculi、superior colliculus、tectal、tectum
[★]
視蓋前野、前視蓋
- 関
- pretectal、pretectal area