Wikipedia preview

出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2015/08/31 17:55:03」(JST)

wiki en

Sulfatases EC 3.1.6.- are enzymes of the esterase class that catalyze the hydrolysis of sulfate esters. These may be found on a range of substrates, including steroids, carbohydrates and proteins. Sulfate esters may be formed from various alcohols and amines. In the latter case the resultant N-sulfates can also be termed sulfamates.

Sulfatases play important roles in the cycling of sulfur in the environment, in the degradation of sulfated glycosaminoglycans and glycolipids in the lysosome, and in remodelling sulfated glycosaminoglycans in the extracellular space. Together with sulfotransferases, sulfatases form the major catalytic machinery for the synthesis and breakage of sulfate esters.

Occurrence and importance

Sulfatases are found in lower and higher organisms. In higher organisms they are found in intracellular and extracellular spaces. Steroid sulfatase is distributed in a wide range of tissues throughout the body, enabling sulfated steroids synthesized in the adrenals and gonads to be desulfated following distribution through the circulation system. A large number of sulfatases are localized in the lysosome, an acidic digestive organelle found within the cell. Lysosomal sulfatases cleave a range of sulfated carbohydrates including sulfated glycosaminoglycans and glycolipids. Genetic defects in sulfatase activity can arise through mutations in individual sulfatases and result in certain lysosomal storage disorders with a spectrum of phenotypes ranging from defects in physical and intellectual development.

Three-dimensional structure

The following sulfatases have been shown to be structurally related based on their sequence homology:^[1]^[2]^[3]

cerebroside-sulfatase
steroid sulfatase
arylsulfatase A EC 3.1.6.8 (ASA), a lysosomal enzyme which hydrolyzes cerebroside sulfate;
arylsulfatase B EC 3.1.6.12 (ASB) which hydrolyzes the sulfate ester group from N-acetylgalactosamine 4-sulfate residues of dermatan sulfate;
arylsulfatase C (ASD) and E (ASE); steryl-sulfatase EC 3.1.6.2 (STS), a membrane bound enzyme which hydrolyzes 3-beta-hydroxy steroid sulfates;
iduronate 2-sulfatase EC 3.1.6.13 (IDS), a lysosomal enzyme that hydrolyzes the 2-sulfate groups from iduronic acids in dermatan sulfate and heparan sulfate;
N-acetylgalactosamine-6-sulfatase EC 3.1.6.4, which hydrolyzes the 6-sulfate groups of the N-acetyl-D-galactosamine of chondroitin sulfate and D-galactose 6-sulfate units of keratan sulfate;
N-sulfoglucosamine sulfohydrolase EC 3.10.1.1, the lysosomal enzyme that hydrolyses N-sulfo-D-glucosamine into glucosamine and sulfate;
glucosamine-6-sulfatase EC 3.1.6.14 (G6S), which hydrolyzes the N-acetyl-D-glucosamine 6-sulfate units of heparan sulfate and keratan sulfate;
N-sulfoglucosamine sulfohydrolase EC 3.10.1.1, the lysosomal enzyme that hydrolyses N-sulfo-D-glucosamine into glucosamine and sulfate;
sea urchin embryo arylsulfatase EC 3.1.6.1;
green algae arylsulfatase EC 3.1.6.1, which plays a role in the mineralization of sulfates; and
arylsulfatase EC 3.1.6.1 from Escherichia coli, Klebsiella aerogenes and Pseudomonas aeruginosa.

Human proteins containing this domain

ARSA; ARSB; ARSD; ARSE; ARSF; ARSG; ARSH; ARSI; ARSJ; ARSK; GALNS; GNS; IDS; PIGG; SGSH; STS; SULF1; SULF2;

References

^ von Figura K, Vingron M, Schmidt B, Meyer HE, Peters C, Rommerskirch W, Rupp K, Pohlmann R, Zuhlsdorf M (1990). "Phylogenetic conservation of arylsulfatases. cDNA cloning and expression of human arylsulfatase B". J. Biol. Chem. 265 (6): 3374–3381. PMID 2303452.
^ Wilson PJ, Morris CP, Anson DS, Occhiodoro T, Bielicki J, Clements PR, Hopwood JJ (1990). "Hunter syndrome: isolation of an iduronate-2-sulfatase cDNA clone and analysis of patient DNA". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 87 (21): 8531–8535. doi:10.1073/pnas.87.21.8531. PMC 54990. PMID 2122463.
^ Grossman AR, de Hostos EL, Schilling J (1989). "Structure and expression of the gene encoding the periplasmic arylsulfatase of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii". Mol. Gen. Genet. 218 (2): 229–239. doi:10.1007/BF00331273. PMID 2476654.

External links

Sulfatases at the US National Library of Medicine Medical Subject Headings (MeSH)
Overview at rndsystems.com
"Annotation of the sulfatase gene family" at mad-cow.org

This article incorporates text from the public domain Pfam and InterPro IPR000917

UpToDate Contents

全文を閲覧するには購読必要です。 To read the full text you will need to subscribe.

1. シェーグレン・ラルソン症候群 sjogren larsson syndrome
2. 過期妊娠 postterm pregnancy
3. 遺伝性の魚鱗癬の概要 overview of the inherited ichthyoses
4. 副腎アンドロゲン過剰症 adrenal hyperandrogenism
5. ムコ多糖症：臨床的特徴および診断 mucopolysaccharidoses clinical features and diagnosis

English Journal

Examination of the Pharmacokinetics of Active Ingredients of Ginger in Humans.

Yu Y, Zick S, Li X, Zou P, Wright B, Sun D.SourceDepartment of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, The University of Michigan, Room 2020, 428 Church Street, Ann Arbor, Michigan, 48109-1065, USA.
The AAPS journal.2011 Jun 3. [Epub ahead of print]
Ginger extracts have been studied in various clinical trials for different indications. However, the pharmacokinetics of the ginger active constituents in human biological matrices is not well investigated. This study aims to develop a LC-MS/MS method for simultaneous measurement of 6-, 8-, and 10-g
PMID 21638149

Inducible expression of choline sulfatase and its regulator BetR in Pseudomonas sp. ATCC19151.

Jovcic B, Venturi V, Topisirovic L, Kojic M.SourceInstitute of Molecular Genetics and Genetic Engineering, Vojvode Stepe 444a, P.O. Box 23, 11010, Belgrade, Serbia.
Archives of microbiology.2011 Jun;193(6):399-405. Epub 2011 Mar 3.
Pseudomonas sp. strain ATCC19151 is a natural isolate from sewage with the ability to degrade detergents. Genes encoding potential choline sulfatase (betC), substrate-binding ABC transporter protein (betD), sulfate transporter (betE), and divergent putative transcriptional regulator (betR) were clon
PMID 21369825

Japanese Journal

A New Method for Sex Determination Based on Detection of SRY, STS and Amelogenin Gene Regions with Simultaneous Amplification of Their Homologous Sequences by a Multiplex PCR

Morikawa Toshio,Yamamoto Yuji,Miyaishi Satoru
Acta Medica Okayama 65(2), 113-122, 2011-04
… We have developed a new method for sex determination based on simultaneous detection of the SRY (sex-determining region Y), STS (steroid sulfatase) and amelogenin (AMELX and AMELY) gene regions and their homologous sequences. …
NAID 120002970768

Proteolytic cleavage of the rat heparan sulfate 6-O-endosulfatase SulfFP2 by furintype proprotein convertases

Nagamine Satoshi,Keino-Masu Kazuko,Shiomi Kensuke,Masu Masayuki,桝和子,桝正幸
Biochemical and biophysical research communications 391(1), 107-112, 2010-01-01
… Furthermore, the uncleavable form of SulfFP2 shows sulfatase activity comparable to the cleavable SulfFP2, indicating that the cleavage is not indispensable for activation of SulfFP2. …
NAID 120001966454

Related Pictures

★リンクテーブル★

リンク元	「サルファターゼ」「スルファターゼ」「硫酸エステル加水分解酵素」
拡張検索	「steryl-sulfatase」「chondro-4-sulfatase」「iduronate sulfatase」

「サルファターゼ」

Available protein structures:
Pfam	structures
PDB	RCSB PDB; PDBe; PDBj
PDBsum	structure summary

	Steroid sulfatase
Identifiers
Symbol	Sulfatase
Pfam	PF00884
InterPro	IPR000917
PROSITE	PDOC00117
SCOP	1auk
SUPERFAMILY	1auk
OPM superfamily	24
OPM protein	1p49
Available protein structures:
Pfam	structures
PDB	RCSB PDB; PDBe; PDBj
PDBsum	structure summary