WordNet

any of various rod-shaped Gram-negative bacteria

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出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2015/06/10 11:13:38」(JST)

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Streptobacillus is a genus of aerobic, gram-negative facultative anaerobe bacteria, which grow in culture as rods in chains.

Species associated with infection - S. moniliformis

Reported susceptibilities and therapies - penicillin, erythromycin

Diseases

Associated infections: the Haverhill fever form of rat bite fever. (Notes Spirillum minus is also an agent of rat bite fever, in the form known as sodoku.)

Haverhill fever, which is characterized by fever, rash, chills, headache, vomiting, muscle pain, arthritis, and bacteremia, and by weight loss and diarrhea in children.

Commentary

Rat bite fever is caused by either Streptobacillus moniliformis or Spirillum minor. The incidence of rat-bite fever is highest in urban areas with poor sanitation where the rat population is high, however in recent times cases have also been attributed to occupational contact with rodents such as pet shop employees or laboratory workers or through pet ownership.^[1]

While the disease is usually caused by a bite, it can also occur from close contact with rodents or ingestion of contaminated food or water. The latter is known as Haverhill fever. The disease typically presents with chills and fever accompanied by headache, vomiting, and muscle pain. A rash and arthritis develop 2–4 days after the initial onset. Less commonly the infection can cause pneumonitis, endocarditis or meningitis. As these symptoms are common to many febrile diseases, this is often classified as a fever of unknown origin (FUO). If untreated, death will occur in approximately 10% of cases.^[2]

References

^ Papanicolas, Lito E; Holds, Judith M; Bak, Narin (20 February 2012). "Lessons from practice - Meningitis and pneumonitis caused by pet rodents". The Medical Journal of Australia 196 (3): 202–203. doi:10.5694/mja11.10841.
^ Elliott, S. P. (11 January 2007). "Rat Bite Fever and Streptobacillus moniliformis". Clinical Microbiology Reviews 20 (1): 13–22. doi:10.1128/CMR.00016-06. PMC 1797630. PMID 17223620.

Hagelskjaer L, Sørensen I, Randers E (1998). "Streptobacillus moniliformis infection: 2 cases and a literature review". Scand. J. Infect. Dis. 30 (3): 309–11. doi:10.1080/00365549850161016. PMID 9790145.

External links

A Web-Surfer's Guide to Bacteria Associated with Infections in Humans
Streptobacillus moniliformis
Streptobacillus at the US National Library of Medicine Medical Subject Headings (MeSH)

UpToDate Contents

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1. 鼠咬症 rat bite fever
2. 犬および猫以外のペットからの人畜共通感染症 zoonoses from pets other than dogs and cats
3. 腰筋膿瘍 psoas abscess

English Journal

Rats, Cities, People, and Pathogens: A Systematic Review and Narrative Synthesis of Literature Regarding the Ecology of Rat-Associated Zoonoses in Urban Centers.

Himsworth CG, Parsons KL, Jardine C, Patrick DM.Source1 School of Population and Public Health, University of British Columbia , Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada .
Vector borne and zoonotic diseases (Larchmont, N.Y.).Vector Borne Zoonotic Dis.2013 Apr 16. [Epub ahead of print]
Abstract Urban Norway and black rats (Rattus norvegicus and Rattus rattus) are the source of a number of pathogens responsible for significant human morbidity and mortality in cities around the world. These pathogens include zoonotic bacteria (Leptospira interrogans, Yersina pestis, Rickettsia typhi
PMID 23590323

Septic Arthritis and Concern for Osteomyelitis in a Child with Rat Bite Fever.

Flannery DD, Akinboyo I, Ty JM, Averill LW, Freedman A.Sourceof Alfred I duPont Hospital for Children/Jefferson Medical College; of Jefferson Medical College; of Alfred I duPont Hospital for Children.
Journal of clinical microbiology.J Clin Microbiol.2013 Apr 3. [Epub ahead of print]
Rat Bite Fever is a rare infection usually caused by Streptobacillus moniliformis. A case of septic arthritis, with concern for osteomyelitis, as sequelae of Rat Bite Fever in a pediatric patient is described.
PMID 23554193

Streptobacillosis characterised by palmoplantar pustulosis.

Danion F, Bui E, Riegel P, Goichot B.SourceHôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg, Department of Internal Medecine, Hôpital de Hautepierre, Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France. francois.danion@chru-strasbourg.fr
The Lancet infectious diseases.Lancet Infect Dis.2013 Jan;13(1):96. doi: 10.1016/S1473-3099(12)70141-X.
PMID 23257235

Japanese Journal

肝細胞癌治療経過中に発症したStreptobacillus moniliformisによる敗血症の１例

会澤大介,椎名啓介,小林修,田中秀典,上野敬史,大塚修,加藤真理,佐川俊彦,豊田満夫,新井弘隆,高山尚,阿部毅彦,荻野美里,五十嵐隆道,榎田泰明,濱野郁美,清水尚,荒川和久,田中俊行,富澤直樹,安東立正,小川哲史
The Kitakanto medical journal 61(2), 265-265, 2011-05-01
NAID 120003272647

血液培養で Streptobacillus moniliformis が検出された鼠咬症の1例

澁川紀代子,成田浩二,下岡良典,森田一豊
日本内科学会雑誌 99(11), 2830-2831, 2010-11-10
… Streptobacillus moniliformis感染症は皮膚発疹と関節炎を特徴とする急性熱性疾患で，通常はネズミの咬傷によって人に感染し鼠咬症と呼ばれる．症例は糖尿病を基礎疾患にもつ87歳男性．左肩関節痛と腰痛で発症し，両足に数mmの線状の傷を多数認めた．入院時の血液培養でグラム陰性桿菌を検出し，16S rRNA遺伝子特異的PCR法にてStreptobacillus moniliformisと同定され鼠咬症と診断した．PAPM/BP，MINOを投与し，AMPC …
NAID 10027509162

Rat-bite fever identified by polymerase chain reaction detection of Streptobacillus moniliformis DNA

NAKAGOMI Daiki,DEGUCHI Nobuhiro,YAGASAKI Akiko,HARADA Kazutoshi,SHIBAGAKI Naotaka,KIMURA Masanobu,IMAOKA Koichi,SHIMADA Shinji
Journal of dermatology 35(10), 667-670, 2008-10-01
NAID 10023919268

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