WordNet

the middle germ layer that develops into muscle and bone and cartilage and blood and connective tissue (同)mesoblast

Wikipedia preview

出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2013/02/21 11:37:05」(JST)

wiki en

Lateral plate mesoderm

Transverse section of a chick embryo of forty-five hours’ incubation. Chordamesoderm: yellow, at notochord. Paraxial mesoderm: red, at somite. Intermediate mesoderm: purple, near Wolffian duct. Lateral plate mesoderm: purple, near "Somatic mesoderm" and "Splanchic mesoderm".

Model of human embryo 1.3 mm. long.. (Splanchic mesoderm labeled at left, somatic mesoderm at top right.)
Latin	mesoderma laminae lateralis
Gray's	subject #6 50
Carnegie stage	9
Precursor	mesoderm
Gives rise to	somatopleure, splanchnopleure
Code	TE E5.0.3.0.0.0.2

Lateral plate mesoderm is a type of mesoderm that is found at the periphery of the embryo.

Division into layers

It will split into two layers, the somatic layer/mesoderm and the splanchnic layer/mesoderm

The somatopleuric layer forms the future body wall.
The splanchnopleuric layer forms the circulatory system and future gut wall.

Spaces within the lateral plate are enclosed and forms the intraembryonic coelom.

It is formed by the secretion of BMP-4 by the ectoderm.^[1]

Serosal mesoderms

Lateral plate mesoderm gives rise to the serosal mesoderms.^[2]

forms a ventral layer associated with endoderm, the splanchnopleuric mesoderm. This forms the viscera and heart
forms a dorsal layer associated with ectoderm, the somatopleuric mesoderm. This forms the body wall lining and dermis.
Abdominal portion becomes contained in dorsal mesentery, part of the serosal mesoderm.
When the two layers form, a cardiogenic plate is visible. Later, this will form the myocardial primordium, which will contribute to the tubular heart.

Cavities

In the 4th week the coelom divides into pericardial, pleural and peritoneal cavities.^[2]

First partition: is the septum transversum.

This will be translocated later into the diaphragm and ventral mesentery.
Divides the coelom into primitive pericardial and peritoneal cavities

Pleuropericardial folds appear on the lateral wall of primitive pericardial cavity, which will eventually cause a partition to form the pericardial and pleural cavities.
Communication between these partitions formed by the pericardioperitoneal canals. However, pleuroperitoneal membranes will grow to fuse with the septum transversum to close off these canals.

At day 22, lung buds form, remaining ensheathed in a splachnopleuric mesoderm

Limb Development

Cells from the lateral plate mesoderm and the myotome migrate to the limb field and proliferate to create the limb bud. The lateral plate cells produce the cartilaginous and skeletal portions of the limb while the myotome cells produce the muscle components. The lateral plate mesodermal cells secrete a fibroblast growth factor (FGF7 and FGF10, presumably) to induce the overlying ectoderm to form an important organizing structure called the apical ectodermal ridge (AER).The AER reciprocatively secretes FGF8 and FGF4 which maintains the FGF10 signal and induces proliferation in the mesoderm.^{[citation needed]} The position of FGF10 expression is regulated by Wnt8c in the hindlimb and Wnt2b in the forelimb. The forelimb and the hindlimb are specified by their position along the anterior/posterior axis and possibly by two T-box containing transcription factors: Tbx5 and Tbx4, respectively.

See http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Limb_development for more information

External links

Swiss embryology (from UL, UB, and UF) hdisqueembry/triderm08

References

^ Tonegawa A, Funayama N, Ueno N, Takahashi Y (1997). "Mesodermal subdivision along the mediolateral axis in chicken controlled by different concentrations of BMP-4". Development 124 (10): 1975–84. PMID 9169844.
^ ^a ^b Larsen, William J. (1998). Essentials of human embryology. Edinburgh: Churchill Livingstone. ISBN 0-443-07514-X.

This article incorporates text from a public domain edition of Gray's Anatomy.

UpToDate Contents

全文を閲覧するには購読必要です。 To read the full text you will need to subscribe.

1. 肝硬変患者における腹水の病因 pathogenesis of ascites in patients with cirrhosis
2. 耳の先天異常 congenital anomalies of the ear
3. 化学療法誘発性悪心および嘔吐の病態生理および予測 pathophysiology and prediction of chemotherapy induced nausea and vomiting
4. 急性腸間膜虚血 acute mesenteric ischemia
5. 悪性腫瘍の高カルシウム血症 hypercalcemia of malignancy

English Journal

Inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptors are essential for the development of the second heart field.

Nakazawa M, Uchida K, Aramaki M, Kodo K, Yamagishi C, Takahashi T, Mikoshiba K, Yamagishi H.SourceDepartment of Pediatrics, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan.
Journal of molecular and cellular cardiology.J Mol Cell Cardiol.2011 Jul;51(1):58-66. Epub 2011 Mar 5.
Congenital heart defects (CHDs) occur in 0.5-1% of live births, yet the underlying genetic etiology remains mostly unknown. Recently, a new source of myocardial cells, namely the second heart field (SHF), was discovered in the splanchnic mesoderm. Abnormal development of the SHF leads to a spectrum
PMID 21382375