serum urea

• 血清尿素

WordNet

1. the chief solid component of mammalian urine; synthesized from ammonia and carbon dioxide and used as fertilizer and in animal feed and in plastics (同)carbamide
2. an amber, watery fluid, rich in proteins, that separates out when blood coagulates (同)blood_serum

PrepTutorEJDIC

1. 尿素(にょうそ)
2. リンパ液 / 血清
3. serial / series / sermon

Wikipedia preview

出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2016/06/02 04:46:34」(JST)

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[Wiki en表示]

"BUN" redirects here. For other uses, see Bun (disambiguation).

Blood urea nitrogen
Diagnostics
Urea
MeSH	D001806
LOINC	6299-2, 59570-2, 12961-9, 12963-5, 12962-7

The liver produces urea in the urea cycle as a waste product of the digestion of protein. Normal human adult blood should contain between 6 and 20 mg of urea nitrogen per 100 ml (6–20 mg/dL) of blood. Individual laboratories will have different reference ranges as the assay used will vary between laboratories.

Interpretation

Blood urea nitrogen (BUN) is an indication of renal (kidney) health. The normal range is 1.8-7.1 mmol/L or 6–20 mg/dL.

The main causes of an increase in BUN are: high protein diet, decrease in glomerular filtration rate (GFR) (suggestive of renal failure) and in blood volume (hypovolemia), congestive heart failure, gastrointestinal hemorrhage, fever and increased catabolism. Hypothyroidism can cause both decreased GFR and hypovolemia, however BUN-to-creatinine ratio has been found to be lowered in hypothyroidism and raised in hyperthyroidism.

The main causes of a decrease in BUN are severe liver disease, anabolic state, and syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone.

Reference ranges for blood tests, comparing urea (yellow at right) to other blood constituents.

Another rare cause of a decreased BUN is ornithine transcarbamylase deficiency, which is a genetic disorder inherited in an X-linked recessive pattern. OTC Deficiency is also accompanied by hyperammonemia and high orotic acid levels.

Units

BUN (urea-N) is mg/dL in the United States, Mexico, Italy, Austria, and Germany. Elsewhere, the concentration of urea is reported as mmol/L, generally depending on the lab.

To convert from mg/dL of blood urea nitrogen to mmol/L of urea, multiply by 0.357 (each molecule of urea having 2 nitrogens, each of molar mass 14g/mol) (BUN is the mass of nitrogen within urea/volume, not the mass of urea)

Urea [mmol/L] = BUN [mg/dL of nitrogen] x 10 [dL/L] / 14x2 [mg N/mmol urea] (the mass of nitrogen within urea is used)

convert BUN to urea in mg/dL by using following formula:

Urea [mg/dL]= BUN [mg/dL] * 2.14

(conversion factor derived by: MW of urea = 60, MW of urea nitrogen = 14x2 => 60/28 = 2.14)

factor = 1 for conversions in mmol (1 mole N2 = 2 moles N per mole of urea):

BUN [mmol/L]= urea [mmol/L]

See also

• BUN-to-creatinine ratio
• Kt/V
• Urea reduction ratio (URR)
• Urine urea nitrogen
• Standardized Kt/V

References

External links

UpToDate Contents

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Related Links

• Blood urea nitrogen - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

The liver produces urea in the urea cycle as a waste product of the digestion of protein. Normal human adult blood should contain between 6 to 20 mg of urea nitrogen per 100 ml (6–20 mg/dL) of blood. Individual laboratories may have ...

• What Is Serum Urea? | eHow

During the metabolism of protein in the body, the liver creates ammonia, which is broken down into a by-product called urea. Kidneys filter excess urea into the urine and in sweat, but some goes into the bloodstream as serum urea.

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