WordNet

(microscopy) a dye or other coloring material that is used in microscopy to make structures visible
color for microscopic study; "The laboratory worker dyed the specimen"
color with a liquid dye or tint; "Stain this table a beautiful walnut color"; "people knew how to stain glass a beautiful blue in the middle ages"
produce or leave stains; "Red wine stains the table cloth"
a soiled or discolored appearance; "the wine left a dark stain" (同)discoloration, discolouration
pertaining to or containing or consisting of semen; "seminal fluid"
marked or dyed or discolored with foreign matter; "a badly stained tablecloth"; "tear-stained cheeks"
having a coating of stain or varnish (同)varnished
the act of spotting or staining something (同)spotting, maculation
(histology) the use of a dye to color specimens for microscopic study

PrepTutorEJDIC

(…で)…‘を'『汚す』,‘に'しみをつける《+『名』+『with』+『名』》 / 〈ガラス・木材・布など〉‘に'『着色する』 / (…で)〈人格・名声など〉‘を'汚す,‘に'傷をつける《+『名』+『with』+『名』》 / 汚れる,しみがつく / 〈C〉〈U〉(…についた)『しみ』,汚れ《+『on』+『名』》 / 〈U〉〈C〉着色剤,染料 / 〈C〉(人格・名声などに対する)汚点,傷《+『on』(『upon』)+『名』》
独創的な,将来性のある / (比較変化なし)精液の

UpToDate Contents

全文を閲覧するには購読必要です。 To read the full text you will need to subscribe.

1. 精漿に対するアレルギー反応 allergic reactions to seminal plasma
2. 細菌検査室におけるグラム染色および培養結果に対するアプローチ approach to gram stain and culture results in the microbiology laboratory
3. 膣炎症状が認められる女性に対するアプローチ approach to women with symptoms of vaginitis
4. スタージウェーバー症候群 sturge weber syndrome
5. 新生児における血管病変 vascular lesions in the newborn

English Journal

Chromosomal aberrations and aneuploidies of spermatozoa.

Piomboni P1, Stendardi A, Gambera L.Author information 1Department of Molecular and Developmental Medicine, University of Siena, Viale Bracci 14, 53100, Siena, Italy, paola.piomboni@unisi.it.AbstractChromosomal abnormalities are relevant causes of human infertility, affecting 2 -14 % of infertile males. Patients with seminal anomalies could be affected by improper meiotic recombination and increased sperm chromosome aneuploidy. Since the transmission of a haploid chromosomal asset is fundamental for embryo vitality and development, the study of sperm chromosomes has become fundamental because intracytoplasmic sperm injection allows fertilization in cases of severe male infertility.In this chapter we summarize the data on the incidence of sperm aneuploidy, detected by fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH), in infertile men with normal or abnormal karyotype. The possibility of reducing sperm chromosomal imbalance is also reported.Among control males, the lowest aneuploidy rate was detected (range: 0.09 -0.14 % for autosomes; 0.04 -0.10 % for gonosomes). In infertile patients with normal karyotype, the severity of semen alteration is correlated with the frequency of aneuploidy, particularly for X and Y chromosomes. Among patients with abnormal karyotype, 47,XXY and 47,XYY carriers showed a high variability of sperm aneuploidy both for gonosomes and autosomes. In Robertsonian translocation carriers, the increase in aneuploidy rate was particularly evident for total sex disomy, and resulted mainly from interchromosomal effect (ICE). In reciprocal translocation carriers, a high percentage of unbalanced sperm (approximately 50 %) was detected, perhaps mostly related to ICE.Sperm chromosomal constitution could be analyzed to obtain more accurate information about the causes of male infertility. It would be worthwhile to evaluate the benefits of a therapy with recombinant Follicle Stimulating Hormone (rFSH) on sperm chromosome segregation in selected infertile males.
Advances in experimental medicine and biology.Adv Exp Med Biol.2014;791:27-52. doi: 10.1007/978-1-4614-7783-9_3.
Chromosomal abnormalities are relevant causes of human infertility, affecting 2 -14 % of infertile males. Patients with seminal anomalies could be affected by improper meiotic recombination and increased sperm chromosome aneuploidy. Since the transmission of a haploid chromosomal asset is fundamenta
PMID 23955671

Improved detection of semen by use of direct acid phosphatase testing.

Lewis J1, Baird A, McAlister C, Siemieniuk A, Blackmore L, McCabe B, O'Rourke P, Parekh R, Watson E, Wheelhouse M, Wilson N.Author information 1Cellmark Forensic Services, 16 Blacklands Way, Abingdon Business Park, Abingdon, Oxfordshire, OX14 1DY, United Kingdom. Electronic address: jlewis@cellmark.co.uk.AbstractAcid phosphatase (AP) reagent (Fast Black) is used as a presumptive test for the presence of seminal fluid on exhibits submitted in allegations of sexual assault. Research was carried out to determine whether the direct application of AP reagent to exhibits is a viable alternative to the traditional indirect (blot) testing method used routinely in the laboratory. The relative sensitivity of the indirect and direct testing methods was investigated as was the effect of AP reagent on histological staining of spermatozoa, the incidence of false positives from vaginal material and saliva, and the effect of AP reagent on subsequent DNA testing. Also included are the results of specificity studies from validations of the direct AP testing method. The results of this research show that, provided the incidence of false positives is borne in mind, direct AP testing can be especially useful when screening exhibits which are difficult to indirectly (blot) AP test or when it is problematic to relocate an AP positive stain. Direct application of AP reagent can also be beneficial for locating dilute semen stains. Three case examples are given which illustrate the use of direct AP testing in laboratory casework.
Science & justice : journal of the Forensic Science Society.Sci Justice.2013 Dec;53(4):385-94. doi: 10.1016/j.scijus.2013.04.009. Epub 2013 Jun 26.
Acid phosphatase (AP) reagent (Fast Black) is used as a presumptive test for the presence of seminal fluid on exhibits submitted in allegations of sexual assault. Research was carried out to determine whether the direct application of AP reagent to exhibits is a viable alternative to the traditional
PMID 24188339

Microbiota of the seminal fluid from healthy and infertile men.

Hou D1, Zhou X, Zhong X, Settles ML, Herring J, Wang L, Abdo Z, Forney LJ, Xu C.Author information 1Department of Histology and Embryology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.AbstractOBJECTIVE: To explore potential causes of male infertility by determining the composition and structure of commensal bacterial communities in seminal fluids.
Fertility and sterility.Fertil Steril.2013 Nov;100(5):1261-9. doi: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2013.07.1991. Epub 2013 Aug 29.
OBJECTIVE: To explore potential causes of male infertility by determining the composition and structure of commensal bacterial communities in seminal fluids.DESIGN: Microscopy of Gram-stained semen samples and classification of 16S rRNA gene sequences to determine the species composition of semen ba
PMID 23993888

Japanese Journal

Examination of seminal stain by HPLC assay of phenolphthalein

YOSHIDA Manabu,AKANE Atsushi,MITANI Tomoaki,KOBAYASHI Tetsuya,OKII Yutaka
Legal medicine 11, S357-S359, 2009-04-01
NAID 10027263180

A case of personal identification due to detection of rare DNA types from seminal stain

Tsutsumi Hirofumi,Komuro Toshinobu,Mukoyama Rei,Izawa Hikaru,Tie Jian,Uchigasaki Seisaku
Journal of Oral Science 51(4), 645-650, 2009
… Following a rape incident in an apartment in Japan, we were requested to perform a DNA analysis on a body fluid stain left on a bath towel to determine whether it could be attributed to the suspect. … The acid phosphatase and prostatic-specific antigen tests confirmed it to be a seminal stain. …
NAID 130000147595