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出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2014/02/20 07:36:05」(JST)

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Peripheral blood (MGG stain): patient with hemolytic-uremic syndrome

A schistocyte or schizocyte (from Greek schistos for "divided" or schistein for "to split", and kytos for "hollow" or "cell") is a fragmented part of a red blood cell. Schistocytes are typically irregularly shaped, jagged, and have two pointed ends. A true schistocyte does not have central pallor.^[1] Schistocytes are sometimes referred to as "helmet cells".

Several microangiopathic diseases, including disseminated intravascular coagulation and thrombotic microangiopathies, generate fibrin strands that sever red blood cells as they try to move past a thrombus, creating schistocytes.

Schistocytes are often seen in patients with hemolytic anemia. They are frequently a consequence of mechanical artificial heart valves and hemolytic uremic syndrome, among other causes.

Excessive schistocytes present in blood can be a sign of microangiopathic hemolytic anemia (MAHA) where the most common cause is aortic stenosis.

References[edit]

^ Amanda Cox et al., Schistocytes: A Brief Overview. Retrieved 23 August 2008.

External links[edit]

Images in Clinical Medicine: Hemolytic Anemia after Mitral-Valve Repair, Sarinya Puwanant and Watchara Lohawijarn, N Engl J Med 2012; 367:e29 (November 15, 2012) DOI: 10.1056/NEJMicm1201695 [FREE TEXT]

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1. 末梢血塗抹標本の評価 evaluation of the peripheral blood smear
2. 成人における血栓性血小板減少性紫斑病-溶血性尿毒症症候群の診断 diagnosis of thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura hemolytic uremic syndrome in adults
3. 成人における溶血性貧血の診断へのアプローチ approach to the diagnosis of hemolytic anemia in the adult
4. 機械的損傷による外因性非免疫性溶血性貧血：断片化溶血および脾機能亢進 extrinsic nonimmune hemolytic anemia due to mechanical damage fragmentation hemolysis and hypersplenism
5. 成人における血栓性血小板減少性紫斑病-溶血性尿毒症症候群の原因 causes of thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura hemolytic uremic syndrome in adults

English Journal

A 35-year-old woman with influenza A-associated thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura.

Jonsson MK1, Hammenfors D, Oppegaard O, Bruserud Ø, Kittang AO.
Blood coagulation & fibrinolysis : an international journal in haemostasis and thrombosis.Blood Coagul Fibrinolysis.2015 Jun;26(4):469-72. doi: 10.1097/MBC.0000000000000255.
A previously healthy 35-year-old woman presented with severe thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP) affecting several organs and concomitant influenza A infection. On admission to hospital, haemoglobin was 5.4 g/dl, platelet count 6 × 10/l, Schistocyte count in peripheral blood 5%, and thr
PMID 25688460

Evaluation of schistocyte analysis by a novel automated digital cell morphology application.

Hervent AS1, Godefroid M, Cauwelier B, Billiet J, Emmerechts J.
International journal of laboratory hematology.Int J Lab Hematol.2015 Apr 28. doi: 10.1111/ijlh.12363. [Epub ahead of print]
INTRODUCTION: The CellaVision Advanced Red Blood Cell (RBC) Software Application is a new software for advanced morphological analysis of RBC, which automatically performs a preliminary characterization and grouping of RBC into 21 morphological categories, including schistocytes. Upon automated clas
PMID 25923397

Fragmented red cells reference range for the Sysmex XN® -series of automated blood cell counters.

Lesesve JF1, Speyer E, Perol JP.
International journal of laboratory hematology.Int J Lab Hematol.2015 Apr 17. doi: 10.1111/ijlh.12364. [Epub ahead of print]
INTRODUCTION: Fragmented red cells (FRCs) are a new parameter determined automatically by the latest generation of blood cell counters. FRC counts may be of interest as they may reflect schistocyte counts measured on a stained peripheral blood smear observed under the microscope. However, FRC counts
PMID 25882632