risus sardonicus

痙笑

WordNet

1. disdainfully or ironically humorous; scornful and mocking; "his rebellion is the bitter, sardonic laughter of all great satirists"- Frank Schoenberner; "a wry pleasure to be...reminded of all that one is missing"- Irwin Edman

PrepTutorEJDIC

1. 冷笑的な・軽べつを含んだ(scornful)

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出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2017/04/18 13:13:51」(JST)

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Risus sardonicus

Risus sardonicus or rictus grin is a highly characteristic, abnormal, sustained spasm of the facial muscles that appears to produce grinning.

The name of the condition, which has its roots in the Mediterranean island of Sardinia, derives from the appearance of raised eyebrows and an open "grin" – which can appear sardonic or malevolent to the lay observer – displayed by those suffering from these muscle spasms.

Causes

It is most often observed as a sign of tetanus. It can also be caused by poisoning with strychnine or Wilson's disease.

In 2009 scientists at the University of Eastern Piedmont in Italy wrote that they had identified hemlock water dropwort (Oenanthe crocata) as the plant historically responsible for producing the sardonic grin. This plant is the most likely candidate for the "sardonic herb", which was a neurotoxic plant used for the ritual killing of elderly people in pre-Roman, Nuragic Sardinia.

See also

• Trismus
• Sardonicism
• Mr. Sardonicus
• Twelve Dreams of Dr. Sardonicus, a 1970 music album by Spirit

References

External links

UpToDate Contents

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• 1. 破傷風 tetanus
• 2. ストリキニーネ中毒 strychnine poisoning
• 3. ウィルソン病：臨床症状、診断、および自然史 wilson disease clinical manifestations diagnosis and natural history
• 4. 殺鼠剤中毒の概要 overview of rodenticide poisoning
• 5. 多系統萎縮症：臨床的特徴および診断 multiple system atrophy clinical features and diagnosis

English Journal

• Risus sardonicus: assisted suicide or ritual violent euthanasia?

• Preti A.
• Crisis.Crisis.2013;34(2):71-81. doi: 10.1027/0227-5910/a000200.
• PMID 23454395

• A survey of neonatal tetanus at a district general hospital in north-east Nigeria.

• Hassan B, Popoola A, Olokoba A, Salawu FK.SourceDepartment of Paediatrics, State Specialist Hospital, Maiduguri, Nigeria.
• Tropical doctor.Trop Doct.2011 Jan;41(1):18-20. doi: 10.1258/td.2010.100310.
• Neonatal tetanus (NNT) remains among the leading causes of morbidity and mortality in Nigeria and a huge challenge in achieving the fourth goal of the Millennium Development Goals. We reviewed the morbidity and mortality pattern among neonates with NNT admitted to the District General Hospital in no
• PMID 21172902

Japanese Journal

• The Cases of Three Tetanus Patients Presenting with Lockjaw as the Chief Complaint

• Oral Medicine & Pathology 8(3), 91-99, 2003-09-25
• NAID 110006792254

• ａｕｔｏｎｏｍｉｃ　ｏｖｅｒａｃｔｉｖｉｔｙに対しバルビツレート療法を行った重症破傷風の１例

• 日本救急医学会雑誌 11(4), 169-174, 2000
• NAID 130003625747

• 破傷風の１例

• 日本口腔外科学会雑誌 37(4), 897-903, 1991
• NAID 130001356304

Related Links

• Risus sardonicus | definition of risus sardonicus by Medical ...

risus [ri´sus] (L.) laughter. risus sardo´nicus a grinning expression produced by spasm of the facial muscles; seen in tetanus and certain types of poisoning. ri·sus ca·ni·nus (rī'sŭs kā-nī'nŭs), the semblance of a grin caused by facial ...

• Risus Sardonicus Medical Definition | Merriam-Webster ...

:a facial expression characterized by raised eyebrows and grinning distortion of the face resulting from spasm of facial muscles especially in tetanus Seen and Heard What made you want to look up risus sardonicus? Please tell us ...

Related Pictures

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★リンクテーブル★

リンク元

「痙笑」

「痙笑」

　　[★]

英

canine spasm

ラ

risus caninus

同

痙攣笑い ひきつり笑い sardonic laugh　risus sardonicus trismus

関

破傷風