WordNet

a ridge that forms a seam between two parts (同)rhaphe
someone who takes photographs professionally (同)lensman
someone who writes an account of a persons life
a model who poses for photographers
a printmaker who uses lithography
talk volubly
genre of African-American music of the 1980s and 1990s in which rhyming lyrics are chanted to a musical accompaniment; several forms of rap have emerged (同)rap music, hip-hop
a gentle blow (同)strike, tap
voluble conversation
strike sharply; "rap him on the knuckles" (同)knap
perform rap music

PrepTutorEJDIC

写真をとる人,(特にプロの)写真家
伝記作者
(…を)『コツン』(『トン』)『とたたくこと』(『音』)《+『on』(『at』)+『名』》 / 《話》(人のしたことに対する)非難,とがめ《+『for』+『名』》 / 《俗》おしゃべり / …‘を'コツン(トン)とたたく / 〈命令など〉‘を'びしゃりと言う《+『out』+『名』,+『名』+『out』》 / (…を)コツン(トン)とたたく《+『at』(on)+『名』》 / 《俗》互いに気持ちよく話す・〔俗〕非難（する）; 叱る; 〔俗〕告訴［処罰，逮捕］（する）; 〔俗〕おしゃべり（する）; 〔米俗〕ラップ（ミュージック）; 〔米俗〕ラップで歌う・「take the rap」で「甘んじて罰を受ける」
少しも(…しない)

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出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2015/08/15 10:45:17」(JST)

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Raphe (/ˈreɪfɪ/; from Greek ῥαφή, "seam"^[1]) has several different meanings in science.

In botany and planktology it is commonly used when describing a seam or ridge on diatoms or seeds.

In animal anatomy it is used to describe a ridged union^[2] of continuous biological tissue. There are several different significant anatomical raphes:

The raphe nucleus is a moderate-size cluster of nuclei found in the brain stem which releases serotonin to the rest of the brain. Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) antidepressants are believed to act at these nuclei.
The buccal raphe which is on the cheek and evidence of the fusion of the maxillary and mandibular processes.
The lingual raphe on the tongue. Obvious physical evidence of the lingual raphe includes the frenulum (also called the frenum), or band of mucous membrane that is visible under the tongue attaching it to the floor of the mouth. If this raphe is too tight at birth, movement of the tongue is restricted and the child is said to be "tongue tied".
The palatine raphe on the roof of the mouth (or palate). Incomplete fusion of the palatine raphe results in a congenital defect known as cleft palate.
The pharyngeal raphe joins the left and right pharyngeal constrictors.
The perineal raphe extends from the anus, through the mid-line of the scrotum (scrotal raphe) and upwards through the ventral mid-line aspect of the penis (penile raphe).
The anococcygeal raphe, an alternative name for the anococcygeal body.
The iliococcygeal raphe
The pterygomandibular raphe
The lateral palpebral raphe

References

^ Liddell, H.G. & Scott, R. (1940). A Greek-English Lexicon. revised and augmented throughout by Sir Henry Stuart Jones. with the assistance of. Roderick McKenzie. Oxford: Clarendon Press.
^ "raphe" at Dorland's Medical Dictionary

This article includes a list of related items that share the same name (or similar names).
If an internal link incorrectly led you here, you may wish to change the link to point directly to the intended article.

This anatomy article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.

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Chronic nandrolone decanoate exposure during adolescence affects emotional behavior and monoaminergic neurotransmission in adulthood.

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PMID 24721625

Relation of progesterone and DHEAS serum levels to 5-HT1A receptor binding potential in pre- and postmenopausal women.

Stein P1, Baldinger P1, Kaufmann U2, Christina RM3, Hahn A1, Höflich A1, Kranz GS1, Savli M1, Wadsak W3, Mitterhauser M3, Winkler D1, Kasper S1, Lanzenberger R4.
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Preclinical research and clinical experience point to a modulation of 5-HT1A receptor expression by gonadal steroid hormones. We examined the effect of estradiol, progesterone and DHEAS on serotonin neurotransmission in 16 premenopausal and 28 postmenopausal women, differentiating by reproductive st
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Septal serotonin depletion in rats facilitates working memory in the radial arm maze and increases hippocampal high-frequency theta activity.

López-Vázquez MÁ1, López-Loeza E2, Lajud Ávila N3, Gutiérrez-Guzmán BE4, Hernández-Pérez JJ4, Reyes YE5, Olvera-Cortés ME4.
European journal of pharmacology.Eur J Pharmacol.2014 Jul 5;734:105-13. doi: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2014.04.005. Epub 2014 Apr 15.
Hippocampal theta activity, which is strongly modulated by the septal medial/Broca׳s diagonal band neurons, has been linked to information processing of the hippocampus. Serotonin from the medial raphe nuclei desynchronises hippocampal theta activity, whereas inactivation or a lesion of this nucleu
PMID 24742376

Japanese Journal

Metaplastic Regulation of the Median Raphe Nucleus via Serotonin 5-HT₁A Receptor on Hippocampal Synaptic Plasticity Is Associated With Gender-Specific Emotional Expression in Rats

Inoue Sumitaka,Shikanai Hiroki,Matsumoto Machiko [他]
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NAID 40020026517

Orexin neurons suppress narcolepsy via 2 distinct efferent pathways

Hasegawa Emi,Yanagisawa Masashi,Sakurai Takeshi,Mieda Michihiro
Journal of Clinical Investigation 124(2), 604-616, 2014-02
… We found that targeted restoration of orexin receptor expression in the dorsal raphe (DR) and in the locus coeruleus (LC) of mice lacking orexin receptors inhibited cataplexy-like episodes and pathological fragmentation of wakefulness (i.e., sleepiness), respectively. …
NAID 120005411681