Psychophysiological indices of effortful listening in younger and older adults.
Francis AL, Macpherson MK, Chandrasekaran B, Alvar AM, Llanos F.Author information Speech, Lang. and Hearing Sci., Purdue Univ., SLHS, Heavilon Hall, 500 Oval Dr., West Lafayette, IN 47907francisa@purdue.edu.AbstractOlder adults often have difficulty understanding speech in background noise, and this difficulty may be associated with cognitive processing demand. According to the effortfulness hypothesis, even sub-clinical age-related changes in hearing may increase cognitive demand for speech understanding, making listening in noise more effortful for older adults even when recognition performance is comparable to that of younger listeners. Separating speech from background noise requires both segregating target from masking signals and selectively attending to the target while ignoring maskers. While both segregation and selection may demand cognitive resources, it is not known whether both mechanisms interact with age to the same degree. To address this question, younger and older adults listened to and repeated sentences presented in quiet and under conditions that put relatively more emphasis on segregation (energetic masking using speech-shaped broad-band noise) or selection (informational masking using two-talker babble) or are cognitively demanding without masking (synthetic speech). Masked stimuli were equally intelligible based on prior research, so differences in listening effort may be attributed to age and/or masker type. Listening effort was measured behaviorally via traditional rating scales (NASA TLX), and psychophysiologically in terms of autonomic nervous system responses (heart rate, pulse period, and amplitude, and skin conductance).
The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America.J Acoust Soc Am.2013 Nov;134(5):4032. doi: 10.1121/1.4830723.
Older adults often have difficulty understanding speech in background noise, and this difficulty may be associated with cognitive processing demand. According to the effortfulness hypothesis, even sub-clinical age-related changes in hearing may increase cognitive demand for speech understanding, mak
Psychophysiological responses to visceral and somatic pain in functional chest pain identify clinically relevant pain clusters.
Farmer AD, Coen SJ, Kano M, Naqvi H, Paine PA, Scott SM, Furlong PL, Lightman SL, Knowles CH, Aziz Q.Author information Centre for Digestive Diseases, Blizard Institute, Wingate Institute of Neurogastroenterology, Barts and the London School of Medicine & Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK.AbstractBACKGROUND: Despite chronic pain being a feature of functional chest pain (FCP) its experience is variable. The factors responsible for this variability remain unresolved. We aimed to address these knowledge gaps, hypothesizing that the psychophysiological profiles of FCP patients will be distinct from healthy subjects.
Neurogastroenterology and motility : the official journal of the European Gastrointestinal Motility Society.Neurogastroenterol Motil.2014 Jan;26(1):139-148. doi: 10.1111/nmo.12245. Epub 2013 Oct 18.
BACKGROUND: Despite chronic pain being a feature of functional chest pain (FCP) its experience is variable. The factors responsible for this variability remain unresolved. We aimed to address these knowledge gaps, hypothesizing that the psychophysiological profiles of FCP patients will be distinct f
Potential side effects of unhealthy lifestyle choices and health risks on basal and reactive heart rate variability in college drinkers.
Udo T, Mun EY, Buckman JF, Vaschillo EG, Vaschillo B, Bates ME.Author information Center of Alcohol Studies, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, New Jersey, USA.AbstractOBJECTIVE: Emerging adults often begin making independent lifestyle choices during college, yet the association of these choices with fundamental indicators of health and adaptability is unclear. The present study examined the relationship between health risks and neurocardiac function in college drinkers.
Journal of studies on alcohol and drugs.J Stud Alcohol Drugs.2013 Sep;74(5):787-96.
OBJECTIVE: Emerging adults often begin making independent lifestyle choices during college, yet the association of these choices with fundamental indicators of health and adaptability is unclear. The present study examined the relationship between health risks and neurocardiac function in college dr
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psychophysiologically psychophysiologically is a valid word in this word list. For a definition, see the external dictionary links below. The word "psychophysiologically" uses 21 letters: A C C G H H I I L L L O O O P P S S Y Y Y. No ...