WordNet

street name for lysergic acid diethylamide (同)back breaker, battery-acid, dose, dot, Elvis, loony toons, Lucy in the sky with diamonds, pane, superman, window pane, Zen
any of various water-soluble compounds having a sour taste and capable of turning litmus red and reacting with a base to form a salt
having the characteristics of an acid; "an acid reaction"

PrepTutorEJDIC

酸性の / 酸味のある,すっぱい(sour) / (言葉・態度などが)厳しい,しんらつな / 酸 / すっぱいもの / 《俗》=LSD

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1. 尿酸のバランス uric acid balance
2. 出産時の臍帯血酸塩基分析 umbilical cord blood acid base analysis at delivery
3. 妊娠中の葉酸補充 folic acid supplementation in pregnancy
4. ポルフィリン症：概要 porphyrias an overview
5. 疾患予防におけるビタミン補給 vitamin supplementation in disease prevention

English Journal

TLR2/1 and sphingosine 1-phosphate modulate inflammation, myofibroblast differentiation and cell migration in fibroblasts.

Hamidi S1, Schäfer-Korting M1, Weindl G2.Author information 1Institute of Pharmacy (Pharmacology and Toxicology), Freie Universität Berlin, 14195 Berlin, Germany.2Institute of Pharmacy (Pharmacology and Toxicology), Freie Universität Berlin, 14195 Berlin, Germany. Electronic address: Guenther.Weindl@fu-berlin.de.AbstractDermal fibroblasts are important regulators of inflammatory and immune responses in the skin. The aim of the present study was to elucidate the interaction between two key players in inflammation, Toll-like receptors (TLRs) and sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P), in normal human fibroblasts in the context of inflammation, fibrosis and cell migration. We demonstrate that TLR2 ligation strongly enhances the production of the pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-6 and IL-8. S1P significantly induces pro-inflammatory cytokines time- and concentration-dependently via S1P receptor (S1PR)2 and S1PR3. The TLR2/1 agonist Pam3CSK4 and S1P (>1μM) or TGF-β markedly upregulate IL-6 and IL-8 secretion. Pam3CSK4 and S1P alone promote myofibroblast differentiation as assessed by significant increases of α-smooth muscle actin and collagen I expression. Importantly, costimulation with S1P (>1μM) induces differentiation into myofibroblasts. In contrast, Pam3CSK4 and low S1P concentrations (<1μM) accelerate cell migration. These results suggest that TLR2/1 signaling and S1P cooperate in pro-inflammatory cytokine production and myofibroblast differentiation and promote cell migration of skin fibroblasts in a S1P-concentration dependent manner. Our findings provide significant insights into how infectious stimuli or danger signals and sphingolipids contribute to dermal inflammation which may be relevant for skin tissue repair after injury or disease.
Biochimica et biophysica acta.Biochim Biophys Acta.2014 Jan 15. pii: S1388-1981(14)00013-4. doi: 10.1016/j.bbalip.2014.01.008. [Epub ahead of print]
Dermal fibroblasts are important regulators of inflammatory and immune responses in the skin. The aim of the present study was to elucidate the interaction between two key players in inflammation, Toll-like receptors (TLRs) and sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P), in normal human fibroblasts in the contex
PMID 24440818

Epicutaneous immune modulation with Bet v 1 plus R848 suppresses allergic asthma in a murine model.

Siebeneicher S, Reuter S, Krause M, Wangorsch A, Maxeiner J, Wolfheimer S, Schülke S, Naito S, Heinz A, Taube C, Vieths S, Scheurer S, Toda M.Author information Junior Research Group 1 'Experimental Allergy Models', Paul-Ehrlich-Institut, Langen, Germany.AbstractBACKGROUND: Combining allergen(s) with an adjuvant is a strategy to improve the efficacy and safety of allergen-specific immunotherapy. Here, we aimed at investigating the adjuvant effects of polyadenylic-polyuridylic acid (poly(A:U)), a TLR3 agonist, and R848 (resiquimod), a TLR7 agonist, in epicutaneous immunotherapy with Bet v 1, the major birch pollen allergen, to intervene in birch pollen allergy.
Allergy.Allergy.2013 Dec 13. doi: 10.1111/all.12326. [Epub ahead of print]
BACKGROUND: Combining allergen(s) with an adjuvant is a strategy to improve the efficacy and safety of allergen-specific immunotherapy. Here, we aimed at investigating the adjuvant effects of polyadenylic-polyuridylic acid (poly(A:U)), a TLR3 agonist, and R848 (resiquimod), a TLR7 agonist, in epicut
PMID 24329861

Origin of overstretching transitions in single-stranded nucleic acids.

Scholl ZN, Rabbi M, Lee D, Manson L, S-Gracz H, Marszalek PE.Author information Program in Computational Biology and Bioinformatics, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708, USA.AbstractWe combined single-molecule force spectroscopy with nuclear magnetic resonance measurements and molecular mechanics simulations to examine overstretching transitions in single-stranded nucleic acids. In single-stranded DNA and single-stranded RNA there is a low-force transition that involves unwinding of the helical structure, along with base unstacking. We determined that the high-force transition that occurs in polydeoxyadenylic acid single-stranded DNA is caused by the cooperative forced flipping of the dihedral angle formed between four atoms, O5'-C5'-C4'-C3' (γ torsion), in the nucleic acid backbone within the canonical B-type helix. The γ torsion also flips under force in A-type helices, where the helix is shorter and wider as compared to the B-type helix, but this transition is less cooperative than in the B type and does not generate a high-force plateau in the force spectrums of A-type helices. We find that a similar high-force transition can be induced in polyadenylic acid single-stranded RNA by urea, presumably due to disrupting the intramolecular hydrogen bonding in the backbone. We hypothesize that a pronounced high-force transition observed for B-type helices of double stranded DNA also involves a cooperative flip of the γ torsion. These observations suggest new fundamental relationships between the canonical structures of single-and double-stranded DNA and the mechanism of their molecular elasticity.
Physical review letters.Phys Rev Lett.2013 Nov 1;111(18):188302. Epub 2013 Oct 31.
We combined single-molecule force spectroscopy with nuclear magnetic resonance measurements and molecular mechanics simulations to examine overstretching transitions in single-stranded nucleic acids. In single-stranded DNA and single-stranded RNA there is a low-force transition that involves unwindi
PMID 24237568

Japanese Journal

Secure and effective gene delivery system of plasmid DNA coated by polynucleotide

Kodama Yukinobu,Ohkubo Chikako,Kurosaki Tomoaki,Egashira Kanoko,Sato Kayoko,Fumoto Shintaro,Nishida Koyo,Higuchi Norihide,Kitahara Takashi,Nakamura Tadahiro,Sasaki Hitoshi
Journal of Drug Targeting 23(1), 43-51, 2015-01-01
… Polyadenylic acid (polyA), polyuridylic acid (polyU), polycytidylic acid (polyC), and polyguanylic acid (polyG) were examined as the coating materials. …
NAID 120005527920

Ternary complexes of pDNA, polyethylenimine, and gamma-polyglutamic acid for gene delivery systems.

KUROSAKI T.
Biomaterials 30(14), 2846-2853, 2009-05
… We discovered a vector coated by gamma-polyglutamic acid (gamma-PGA) for effective and safe gene delivery. … In order to develop a useful non-viral vector, we prepared several ternary complexes constructed with pDNA, polyethylenimine (PEI), and various polyanions, such as polyadenylic acid, polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid, alpha-polyaspartic acid, alpha-polyglutamic acid, and gamma-PGA. …
NAID 80020290289

The membrane-type collectin CL-P1 is a scavenger receptor on vascular endothelial cells

OHTANI K
Journal of Biological Chemistry 276(47), 44222-44228, 2001-11
… The cDNA has an insert of about 2.2 kilobases coding for a protein containing 742 amino acid residues. … The deduced amino acid sequence shows that CL-P1 is a type II membrane protein, has a coiled-coil region, a collagen-like domain, and a CRD. …
NAID 80012782519